{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,10]],"date-time":"2026-09-10T05:56:26Z","timestamp":1789019786883,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,6,19]],"date-time":"2019-06-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1560902400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100011054","name":"Danish International Development Agency","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["14-TAN-P02"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["14-TAN-P02"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100011054","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosone.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS ONE"],"DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0218559","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,6,19]],"date-time":"2019-06-19T17:35:56Z","timestamp":1560965756000},"page":"e0218559","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":34,"title":["Performance of careHPV, hybrid capture 2 and visual inspection with acetic acid for detection of high-grade cervical lesion in Tanzania: A cross-sectional study"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1021-2280","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Johnson","family":"Katanga","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Susanne K.","family":"Kjaer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rachel","family":"Manongi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chun Sen","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thomas","family":"Iftner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marianne","family":"Waldstrom","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrea B.","family":"Pembe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Julius","family":"Mwaiselage","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vibeke","family":"Rasch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,6,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","unstructured":"International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC). Latest world cancer statistics, Global cancer burden raises to 14.1 million new cases in 2012. 2013 Available at <ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" ext-link-type=\"uri\" xlink:href=\"http:\/\/www.iarc.fr\" xlink:type=\"simple\">www.iarc.fr<\/ext-link>"},{"key":"ref2","unstructured":"World Health Organization. Human papillomavirus and cervical cancer.2015; Available at <ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" ext-link-type=\"uri\" xlink:href=\"http:\/\/www.who.int\" xlink:type=\"simple\">www.who.int<\/ext-link>"},{"issue":"5","key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E359","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.29210","article-title":"Cancer incidence and mortality worldwide: Sources, methods and major patterns in GLOBOCAN 2012","volume":"136","author":"J Ferlay","year":"2015","journal-title":"International Journal of Cancer"},{"key":"ref4","unstructured":"Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results Program (SEER). Cancer statistics. 2018, available at <ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" ext-link-type=\"uri\" xlink:href=\"http:\/\/seer.cancer.gov\" xlink:type=\"simple\">seer.cancer.gov<\/ext-link>"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"18","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2334-10-18","article-title":"Association of HIV infection with distribution and viral load of HPV types in Kenya: a survey with 820 female sex workers","volume":"10","author":"S Luchters","year":"2010","journal-title":"BMC Infectious Diseases"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"99","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijgo.2009.06.006","article-title":"Cervical dysplasia in Nigerian women infected with HIV","volume":"107","author":"P Agaba","year":"2009","journal-title":"International Journal of Gynecology and Obstetrics"},{"key":"ref7","unstructured":"Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results Program (SEER). Cancer Statistics Review (CRS) 1975\u20132015. 2018, Available <ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" ext-link-type=\"uri\" xlink:href=\"http:\/\/seer.cancer.gov\" xlink:type=\"simple\">seer.cancer.gov<\/ext-link>"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3262","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2013.04.024","article-title":"Worldwide trends in cervical cancer incidence: Impact of screening against changes in disease risk factors","volume":"49","author":"S Vaccarella","year":"2013","journal-title":"European Journal of Cancer"},{"issue":"5","key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E470","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.29224","article-title":"Trends in cancer incidence in rural Eastern Cape Province; South Africa, 1998\u20132012","volume":"136","author":"N Somdyala","year":"2015","journal-title":"International Journal of Cancer"},{"issue":"9","key":"ref10","first-page":"1585","article-title":"Trends in cancer incidence in Kyadondo County","volume":"82","author":"HR Wabinga","year":"2000","journal-title":"British Journal of Cancer"},{"issue":"10","key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1287","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-3156.2009.02372.x","article-title":"Epidemiology and prevention of human papillomavirus and cervical cancer in sub-Saharan Africa: a comprehensive review","volume":"14","author":"K Louie","year":"2009","journal-title":"Tropical Medicine and International Health"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijgo.2010.10.012","article-title":"Accuracy of visual inspection with acetic acid for cervical cancer screening","volume":"113","author":"C Sauvaget","year":"2011","journal-title":"International Journal of Gynecology and Obstetrics"},{"issue":"9","key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1313","DOI":"10.1111\/jog.12732","article-title":"Accuracy of visual inspection with acetic acid and with Lugol\u2019s iodine for cervical cancer screening","volume":"41","author":"L Qiao","year":"2015","journal-title":"Meta-analysis. Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Research"},{"issue":"4","key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"896","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.28712","article-title":"Performance of visual inspection with acetic acid and human papillomavirus testing for detection of high-grade cervical lesions in HIV positive and HIV negative Tanzanian women","volume":"135","author":"M Dartell","year":"2014","journal-title":"International Journal of Cancer"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"528","DOI":"10.3332\/ecancer.2015.528","article-title":"Performance of HPV DNA testing in the follow\u2013up after treatment of high grade cervical lesions, adenocarcinoma in situ (AIS) and micro invasive carcinoma","volume":"9","author":"S Costa","year":"2015","journal-title":"Ecancer"},{"issue":"2","key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijgo.2003.09.009","article-title":"Screening for cervical cancer in developing countries","volume":"84","author":"HS Cronje","year":"2014","journal-title":"International jounal of gynecology and obstetrics"},{"key":"ref17","unstructured":"Tanzania national bureau of statistics. Population and housing census. 2012; available at <ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" ext-link-type=\"uri\" xlink:href=\"http:\/\/www.nbs.go.tz\" xlink:type=\"simple\">www.nbs.go.tz<\/ext-link>"},{"key":"ref18","unstructured":"Ministry of health, community development, gender, elderly and children of Tanzania. Tanzania service delivery guideline for prevention and control. Tanzania. 2011."},{"key":"ref19","article-title":"National guideline for the management of HIV and AIDS","year":"2015"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"193","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.29374","article-title":"Long-term risk of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade 3 or worse according to high-risk human papillomavirus genotype and semi-quantitative viral load among 33,288 women with normal cervical cytology","volume":"137","author":"L Thomsen","year":"2015","journal-title":"International Journal of Cancer"},{"issue":"5","key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"271","DOI":"10.1002\/cncy.21521","article-title":"The Pap test and Bethesda 2014","volume":"123","author":"R. Nayar","year":"2015","journal-title":"Cancer Cytopathology"},{"issue":"2","key":"ref22","article-title":"Is It Time to Move Beyond Visual Inspection With Acetic Acidfor Cervical Cancer Screening?","volume":"6","author":"SL Silkensen","year":"2018","journal-title":"Global Health: Science and Practice"},{"issue":"3","key":"ref23","article-title":"A Multicountry Evaluation of careHPV Testing, Visual Inspection With Acetic Acid, and Papanicolaou Testing for the Detection of Cervical Cancer","volume":"24","author":"J Jeronimo","year":"2014","journal-title":"International Journal of Gynecological Cancer"},{"issue":"6","key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"496","DOI":"10.21147\/j.issn.1000-9604.2017.06.04","article-title":"Accuracy of triage strategies for human papillomavirus DNA- positive women in low-resource settings: A cross-sectional study","volume":"29","author":"M Wang","year":"2017","journal-title":"China. Chin J Cancer Res"},{"key":"ref25","article-title":"An Evaluation of Novel, Lower-Cost Molecular Screening Tests for Human Papillomavirus in Rural China","author":"F Zhao","year":"2013","journal-title":"American Association for cancer research"},{"key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1186\/s12905-018-0549-5","article-title":"Evaluation of human-papillomavirus testing and visual inspection for cervical cancer screening in Rwanda","volume":"18","author":"Umulisa1CM","year":"2018","journal-title":"BMC Women's Health"},{"issue":"93","key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S36","DOI":"10.1136\/sextrans-2016-053070","article-title":"A systematic review and meta-analysis of studies evaluating the performance of point-of-care tests for human papillomavirus screening","author":"H Kelly","year":"2017","journal-title":"Sex Transm Infect"},{"key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"544","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.30468","article-title":"Evaluation of multiple primary and combination screening strategies in postmenopausal women for detection of cervical cancer in China","volume":"140","author":"HK Holt","year":"2017","journal-title":"International Journal of Cancer"},{"issue":"6","key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2327","DOI":"10.7314\/APJCP.2015.16.6.2327","article-title":"Accuracy of Visual Inspection with Acetic acid in Detecting High-Grade cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia in Pre- and Post-Menopausal Thai Women with Minor Cervical Cytological Abnormalities","volume":"16","author":"Y Poomtavorn","year":"2015","journal-title":"Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention"},{"issue":"113","key":"ref30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"68","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijgo.2010.10.018","article-title":"Adequacy of visual inspection with acetic acid in women of advancing age","author":"M Cremer","year":"2011","journal-title":"International Journal of Gynecology and Obstetrics"},{"issue":"6","key":"ref31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1954","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.03432-13","article-title":"Optimal Positive Cutoff Points for careHPV Testing of Clinician- and Self-Collected Specimens in Primary Cervical Cancer Screening: an Analysis from Rural China","volume":"52","author":"L Kang","year":"2014","journal-title":"Journal of Clinical Microbiology"},{"key":"ref32","article-title":"HPV in HIV-infected women: implications for primary prevention","author":"ND McKenzie","year":"2014","journal-title":"Front. Oncol"},{"issue":"2","key":"ref33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"212","DOI":"10.1097\/QAI.0000000000000270","article-title":"Clinical Performance of Digital Cervicography and Cytology for Cervical Cancer Screening in HIV-infected Women in Lusaka, Zambia","volume":"67","author":"AC Bateman","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr"},{"issue":"19","key":"ref34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1097\/LGT.0000000000000040","article-title":"Evaluation of a Cervicography-Based Program to Ensure Quality of Visual Inspection of the Cervix in HIV-Infected Women in Johannesburg, South Africa","author":"C Firnhaber","year":"2015","journal-title":"Journal of Lower Genital Tract Disease"},{"key":"ref35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"130","DOI":"10.1097\/PAP.0b013e3181cfb788","article-title":"Telepathology for Patient Care: What Am I Getting Myself Into?","volume":"17","author":"S Williams","year":"2010","journal-title":"Adv Anat Pathol"}],"container-title":["PLOS ONE"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0218559","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,9]],"date-time":"2020-05-09T02:01:18Z","timestamp":1588989678000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0218559"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"Linus","family":"Chuang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"editor"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,6,19]]},"references-count":35,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,6,19]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0218559","relation":{},"ISSN":["1932-6203"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1932-6203","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,6,19]]}}}