{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,29]],"date-time":"2026-10-29T10:45:53Z","timestamp":1793270753504,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,15]],"date-time":"2019-07-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1563148800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100014405","name":"Centre for Addiction and Mental Health Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100014405","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosone.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS ONE"],"DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0219491","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,15]],"date-time":"2019-07-15T17:37:26Z","timestamp":1563212246000},"page":"e0219491","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":64,"title":["Feasibility and outcomes of a multi-function mobile health approach for the schizophrenia spectrum: App4Independence (A4i)"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2435-786X","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Sean A.","family":"Kidd","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Laura","family":"Feldcamp","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amos","family":"Adler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Linda","family":"Kaleis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wei","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Klara","family":"Vichnevetski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kwame","family":"McKenzie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aristotle","family":"Voineskos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,15]]},"reference":[{"issue":"12","key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2017","DOI":"10.1185\/030079905X75087","article-title":"The economic burden of schizophrenia in Canada in 2004","volume":"21","author":"R Goeree","year":"2005","journal-title":"Curr Med Res Opin"},{"issue":"5","key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"243","DOI":"10.1177\/070674371405900503","article-title":"Mental health reform at a systems level: widening the lens on recovery-oriented care","volume":"59","author":"SA Kidd","year":"2014","journal-title":"Canadian J Psychiat"},{"issue":"12","key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"854","DOI":"10.1177\/0706743716680167","article-title":"Patient characteristics, length of stay, and functional improvement for schizophrenia spectrum disorders: A population study of inpatient care in Ontario 2005 to 2015","volume":"62","author":"S Chen","year":"2017","journal-title":"Can J Psychiat"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"116","DOI":"10.1016\/j.schres.2012.05.007","article-title":"Risk factors for relapse following treatment for first episode psychosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis of longitudinal studies","volume":"139","author":"M Alvarez-Jimenez","year":"2012","journal-title":"Schiz Res"},{"issue":"4","key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"340","DOI":"10.1177\/0020764006074529","article-title":"The Camden schizophrenia surveys III: five-year outcome of a sample of individuals from a prevalence survey and the importance of social relationships","volume":"53","author":"CA Harvey","year":"2007","journal-title":"Int J Soc Psychiatr"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1177\/070674371405900104","article-title":"Cognition, function, and disability in patients with schizophrenia: a review of longitudinal studies","volume":"59","author":"TK Rajji","year":"2014","journal-title":"Can J Psychiat"},{"issue":"9","key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"591","DOI":"10.1089\/cyber.2014.0078","article-title":"Youth mental health interventions via mobile phones: a scoping review","volume":"17","author":"Y Seko","year":"2014","journal-title":"Cyberpsychology Beh Soc Networking"},{"issue":"6","key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"785","DOI":"10.1177\/0145445515595198","article-title":"Mobile technology boosts the effectiveness of psychotherapy and behavioral interventions: a meta-analysis","volume":"39","author":"O Lindhiem","year":"2015","journal-title":"Behav Modif"},{"issue":"2","key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"448","DOI":"10.1093\/schbul\/sbv132","article-title":"Mobile phone ownership and endorsement of \u201cmHealth\u201d among people with psychosis: a meta-analysis of cross-sectional studies","volume":"42","author":"J Firth","year":"2015","journal-title":"Schiz Bull"},{"key":"ref10","first-page":"8","article-title":"Using mobile technology to enhance psychotherapy for treatment of schizophrenia: A feasibility study","volume":"2","author":"C Chambliss","year":"2014","journal-title":"Int J Virtual Worlds and Hum Comp Interact"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"172","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-244X-12-172","article-title":"The feasibility and validity of ambulatory self-report of psychotic symptoms using a smartphone software application","volume":"12","author":"JE Palmier-Claus","year":"2012","journal-title":"BMC Psychiatr"},{"issue":"3","key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"458","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2014.11.067","article-title":"How connected are people with schizophrenia? Cell phone, computer, email, and social media use","volume":"225","author":"BJ Miller","year":"2015","journal-title":"Psychiat Res"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"72","DOI":"10.1111\/eip.12250","article-title":"Understanding access and use of technology among youth with first-episode psychosis to inform the development of technology-enabled therapeutic interventions","volume":"11","author":"A Abdel-Baki","year":"2017","journal-title":"Early Interv Psychia"},{"issue":"2","key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E18","DOI":"10.2196\/mental.4400","article-title":"Preferences of young adults with first-episode psychosis for receiving specialized mental health services using technology: A survey study","volume":"2","author":"S Lal","year":"2015","journal-title":"JMIR Mhealth"},{"issue":"3","key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"146","DOI":"10.1097\/HRP.0000000000000133","article-title":"Methodology and reporting of mobile heath and smartphone application studies for schizophrenia","volume":"25","author":"J Torous","year":"2017","journal-title":"Harvard Rev Psychiat"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.1037\/prj0000197","article-title":"Video-based mobile health interventions for people with schizophrenia: Bringing the \u201cpocket therapist\u201d to life","volume":"41","author":"D Ben-Zeev","year":"2018","journal-title":"Psychiatr Rehabil J"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"239","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpsychires.2017.10.017","article-title":"Enhancing early psychosis treatment using smartphone technology: A longitudinal feasibility and validity study","volume":"96","author":"TA Niendam","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Psychiatr Res"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1010","DOI":"10.1093\/schbul\/sby078","article-title":"Efficacy of PRIME, a mobile app intervention designed to improve motivation in young people with schizophrenia","volume":"44","author":"DA Schlosser","year":"2018","journal-title":"Schiz Bull"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e15","DOI":"10.2196\/mental.8551","article-title":"A mobile health platform for clinical monitoring in early psychosis: Implementation in community-based outpatient early psychosis care","volume":"5","author":"D Kumar","year":"2018","journal-title":"JMIR Ment Hlth"},{"key":"ref20","first-page":"6103","article-title":"Using Mobile Technology to Enhance Psychotherapy for Treatment of Schizophrenia: A Feasibility Study","volume":"2368","author":"C Chambliss","year":"2014","journal-title":"Journal ISSN"},{"issue":"6","key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1244","DOI":"10.1093\/schbul\/sbu033","article-title":"Feasibility, acceptability, and preliminary efficacy of a smartphone intervention for schizophrenia","volume":"40","author":"D Ben-Zeev","year":"2014","journal-title":"Schiz Bull"},{"issue":"4","key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"269","DOI":"10.1097\/01.pra.0000416017.45591.c1","article-title":"Effectiveness of the information technology-aided program of relapse prevention in schizophrenia (ITAREPS): A randomized, controlled, double-blind study","volume":"18","author":"F \u0160paniel","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Psychiatr Pract"},{"issue":"7","key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E245","DOI":"10.2196\/jmir.7028","article-title":"Short Text Messages to encourage adherence to medication and follow-up for people with psychosis: Randomized controlled trial in Finland","volume":"19","author":"M V\u00e4lim\u00e4ki","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Med Internet Res"},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"i1174","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.i1174","article-title":"Guidelines for reporting of health interventions using mobile phones: mobile health (mHealth) evidence reporting and assessment (mERA) checklist","volume":"352","author":"S Agarwal","year":"2016","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"ref25","article-title":"Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-5-Research Version (SCID-5 for DSM-5, Research Version; SCRID-5-RV)","author":"MB First","year":"2015"},{"issue":"3","key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"595","DOI":"10.1017\/S0033291700048017","article-title":"The Brief Symptom Inventory: An introductory report","volume":"13","author":"LR Derogatis","year":"1983","journal-title":"Psychol Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.7870\/cjcmh-2018-005","article-title":"What are the personal recovery needs of community-dwelling individuals with mental illness? Preliminary findings from the Canadian Personal Recovery Outcome Measurement (C-PROM) study","volume":"37","author":"SP Barbic","year":"2018","journal-title":"Can J Comm Ment Health"},{"key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"60","DOI":"10.1016\/j.schres.2007.12.470","article-title":"The Brief Adherence Rating Scale (BARS) validated against electronic monitoring in assessing the antipsychotic medication adherence of outpatients with schizophrenia and schizoaffective disorder","volume":"100","author":"MJ Byerly","year":"2008","journal-title":"Schizophr Res"},{"issue":"6","key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1244","DOI":"10.1093\/schbul\/sbu033","article-title":"Feasibility, acceptability, and preliminary efficacy of a smartphone intervention for schizophrenia","volume":"40","author":"D Ben-Zeev","year":"2014","journal-title":"Schiz Bull"},{"issue":"9","key":"ref30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1277","DOI":"10.1177\/1049732305276687","article-title":"Three approaches to qualitative content analysis","volume":"15","author":"HF Hsieh","year":"2005","journal-title":"Qual Hlth Res"},{"key":"ref31","unstructured":"Holmes, C. Best cellphone coverage in Toronto. <ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" ext-link-type=\"uri\" xlink:href=\"https:\/\/www.whistleout.ca\/CellPhones\/Guides\/Best-coverage-In-Toronto\" xlink:type=\"simple\">https:\/\/www.whistleout.ca\/CellPhones\/Guides\/Best-coverage-In-Toronto<\/ext-link>. Accessed 6\/28\/2018."},{"key":"ref32","unstructured":"Adjust. (2016). Mobile benchmarks Q3. <ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" ext-link-type=\"uri\" xlink:href=\"https:\/\/www.adjust.com\/resources\/insights\/mobile-benchmarks-q3-2016\/\" xlink:type=\"simple\">https:\/\/www.adjust.com\/resources\/insights\/mobile-benchmarks-q3-2016\/<\/ext-link> (Accessed 2-22-18)."},{"key":"ref33","article-title":"Patient adoption of mHealth: use, evidence and remaining barriers to mainstream acceptance","year":"2015"},{"issue":"3","key":"ref34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e56","DOI":"10.2196\/mental.9539","article-title":"Patient willingness to consent to mobile phone data collection for mental health apps: structured questionnaire","volume":"5","author":"D Di Matteo","year":"2018","journal-title":"JMIR Ment Hlth"},{"issue":"10","key":"ref35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"942","DOI":"10.1016\/S2215-0366(15)00268-0","article-title":"The application of mHealth to mental health: Opportunities and challenges","volume":"2","author":"L Marzano","year":"2015","journal-title":"Lancet Psychiat"}],"container-title":["PLOS ONE"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0219491","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,8]],"date-time":"2020-05-08T21:26:02Z","timestamp":1588973162000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0219491"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"Carrie E.","family":"Bearden","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"editor"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,15]]},"references-count":35,"journal-issue":{"issue":"7","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,15]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0219491","relation":{},"ISSN":["1932-6203"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1932-6203","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,15]]}}}