{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,10]],"date-time":"2026-10-10T15:03:56Z","timestamp":1791644636793,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":182,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,25]],"date-time":"2019-07-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1564012800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosone.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS ONE"],"DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0219569","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,25]],"date-time":"2019-07-25T17:32:16Z","timestamp":1564075936000},"page":"e0219569","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":31,"title":["Validity of screening instruments for the detection of dementia and mild cognitive impairment in hospital inpatients: A systematic review of diagnostic accuracy studies"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5778-6329","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Aljoscha Benjamin","family":"Hwang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stefan","family":"Boes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thomas","family":"Nyffeler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Guido","family":"Schuepfer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1055\/b-003-106487","article-title":"Neurologie","author":"K Masuhr","year":"2013"},{"issue":"9","key":"ref2","first-page":"8","article-title":"Understanding Behaviour in Dementia that Challenges","volume":"23","author":"T Hywel","year":"2011","journal-title":"Nursing Older People (through 2013)"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1155\/2014\/908915","article-title":"Global Epidemiology of Dementia: Alzheimer&apos;s and Vascular Types","volume":"2014","author":"L Rizzi","year":"2014","journal-title":"BioMed Research International"},{"issue":"8","key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1140","DOI":"10.6061\/clinics\/2013(08)13","article-title":"Prevalence of dementia subtypes in a developing country: a clinicopathological study","volume":"68","author":"LT Grinberg","year":"2013","journal-title":"Clinics (Sao Paulo, Brazil)"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"146","DOI":"10.1016\/j.archger.2008.06.005","article-title":"Prevalence of dementia subtypes: a 30-year retrospective survey of neuropathological reports","volume":"49","author":"H Brunnstrom","year":"2009","journal-title":"Archives of gerontology and geriatrics"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"28","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jalz.2016.04.002","article-title":"Prevalence of dementia subtypes in United States Medicare fee-for-service beneficiaries, 2011\u20132013. Alzheimer&apos;s &amp; Dementia","volume":"13","author":"R Goodman","year":"2017","journal-title":"The Journal of the Alzheimer's Association"},{"issue":"3","key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1059","DOI":"10.3233\/JAD-170536","article-title":"The Emergence of a New Conceptual Framework for Alzheimer&apos;s Disease","volume":"62","author":"B Dubois","year":"2018","journal-title":"Journal of Alzheimer's disease"},{"issue":"3","key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"280","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jalz.2011.03.003","article-title":"Toward defining the preclinical stages of Alzheimer&apos;s disease: Recommendations from the National Institute on Aging-Alzheimer&apos;s Association workgroups on diagnostic guidelines for Alzheimer&apos;s disease","volume":"7","author":"R Sperling","year":"2011","journal-title":"Alzheimer's & Dementia"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"60","DOI":"10.1186\/s13195-017-0283-5","article-title":"On the path to 2025: understanding the Alzheimer\u2019s disease continuum","volume":"9","author":"P Aisen","year":"2017","journal-title":"Alzheimer's research & therapy"},{"key":"ref10","article-title":"World Alzheimer Report 2015: The Global Impact of Dementia\u2014An Analysis of Prevalence, Incidence, Cost and Trends","author":"M Prince","year":"2015","journal-title":"Alzheimer's Disease International (ADI)"},{"key":"ref11","article-title":"Swiss Alzheimer&apos;s Society. Menschen mit Demenz in der Schweiz: Zahlen und Prognosen","year":"2018","journal-title":"Swiss Alzheimer's Society"},{"key":"ref12","unstructured":"Swiss Federal Statistical Office. Population projections for Switzerland 2015\u20132045 [Internet]. Swiss Federal Statistical Office; 2016 [cited 2018 September 5]. Available from: <ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" ext-link-type=\"uri\" xlink:href=\"https:\/\/www.bfs.admin.ch\/bfs\/en\/home\/statistics\/population\/population-projections.assetdetail.39916.html\" xlink:type=\"simple\">https:\/\/www.bfs.admin.ch\/bfs\/en\/home\/statistics\/population\/population-projections.assetdetail.39916.html<\/ext-link>."},{"issue":"5","key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"455","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(16)00062-4","article-title":"Defeating Alzheimer&apos;s disease and other dementias: a priority for European science and society","volume":"15","author":"B Winblad","year":"2016","journal-title":"The Lancet Neurology"},{"key":"ref14","article-title":"Kosten der Demenz in der Schweiz","year":"2010"},{"key":"ref15","article-title":"Kosten der Demenz in der Schweiz: Update","year":"2009"},{"key":"ref16","article-title":"Economic Cost of Dementia in Australia 2016\u20132056","author":"L Brown","year":"2017"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jalz.2012.11.006","article-title":"The worldwide economic impact of dementia 2010","volume":"9","author":"A Wimo","year":"2013","journal-title":"Alzheimer's & Dementia"},{"key":"ref18","unstructured":"Department of Health and Social Care and Prime Minister&apos;s Office UK. G8 dementia summit declaration [Internet]. Department of Health and Social Care and Prime Minister&apos;s Office UK; 2010 [cited 2018 November 9]. Available from: <ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" ext-link-type=\"uri\" xlink:href=\"https:\/\/www.gov.uk\/government\/publications\/g8-dementia-summit-agreements\" xlink:type=\"simple\">https:\/\/www.gov.uk\/government\/publications\/g8-dementia-summit-agreements<\/ext-link>."},{"key":"ref19","unstructured":"Alzheimer Cooperative Valuation in Europe. The European Joint Action on Dementia: Synthesis Report [Internet]. Alzheimer Cooperative Valuation in Europe; 2013 [cited 2018 August 27]. Available from: <ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" ext-link-type=\"uri\" xlink:href=\"https:\/\/www.scie-socialcareonline.org.uk\/the-european-joint-action-on-dementia-synthesis-report-2013\/r\/a11G000000CTfeIIAT\" xlink:type=\"simple\">https:\/\/www.scie-socialcareonline.org.uk\/the-european-joint-action-on-dementia-synthesis-report-2013\/r\/a11G000000CTfeIIAT<\/ext-link>."},{"key":"ref20","unstructured":"International Longevity Centre\u2014UK. The European Dementia Research Agenda. International Longevity Centre\u2014UK; 2011 [cited 2018 May 19]. Available from: <ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" ext-link-type=\"uri\" xlink:href=\"http:\/\/ilcuk.org.uk\/files\/pdf_pdf_165.pdf\" xlink:type=\"simple\">http:\/\/ilcuk.org.uk\/files\/pdf_pdf_165.pdf<\/ext-link>."},{"key":"ref21","article-title":"National Dementia Strategies [Internet]","author":"Alzheimer Europe","year":"2017","journal-title":"Alzheimer Europe"},{"key":"ref22","unstructured":"Federal Department of Home Affairs. National Dementia Strategy 2014\u20132019. Federal Office of Public Health and Swiss Conference of the Cantonal Ministers of Public Health; 2018 [cited 2018 October 25]. Available from: <ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" ext-link-type=\"uri\" xlink:href=\"http:\/\/www.nationaldementiastrategy.ch\" xlink:type=\"simple\">www.nationaldementiastrategy.ch<\/ext-link>."},{"key":"ref23","article-title":"Living well with dementia: A national dementia strategy [Internet]","year":"2009"},{"key":"ref24","article-title":"Scotland&apos;s national dementia strategy 2017\u20132020","year":"2010"},{"issue":"9","key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"931","DOI":"10.1002\/gps.2614","article-title":"Dementia Strategy Korea","volume":"25","author":"S Lee","year":"2010","journal-title":"International journal of geriatric psychiatry"},{"issue":"7","key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"682","DOI":"10.1002\/gps.4066","article-title":"Public health guidance to facilitate timely diagnosis of dementia: Alzheimer&apos;s Cooperative Valuation in Europe recommendations","volume":"29","author":"D Brooker","year":"2014","journal-title":"International journal of geriatric psychiatry"},{"key":"ref27","article-title":"World Alzheimer Report 2011: The benefits of early diagnosis and intervention","author":"M Prince","year":"2011","journal-title":"Alzheimer's Disease International"},{"key":"ref28","unstructured":"Phillips J, Pond D, Goode S. Timely Diagnosis of Dementia: Can we do better. Alzheimer&apos;s Australia; 2011 [cited 2018 October 11]. Available from: <ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" ext-link-type=\"uri\" xlink:href=\"https:\/\/www.dementia.org.au\/files\/Timely_Diagnosis_Can_we_do_better.pdf\" xlink:type=\"simple\">https:\/\/www.dementia.org.au\/files\/Timely_Diagnosis_Can_we_do_better.pdf<\/ext-link>."},{"issue":"1","key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"52","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2296-11-52","article-title":"Rapid appraisal of barriers to the diagnosis and management of patients with dementia in primary care: a systematic review","volume":"11","author":"T Koch","year":"2010","journal-title":"BMC family practice"},{"issue":"3","key":"ref30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"300","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1532-5415.2000.tb02650.x","article-title":"Patterns of Care in the Early Stages of Alzheimer&apos;s Disease: Impediments to Timely Diagnosis","volume":"48","author":"D Knopman","year":"2000","journal-title":"Journal of the American Geriatrics Society"},{"issue":"11","key":"ref31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"927","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-138-11-200306030-00015","article-title":"Screening for dementia in primary care: a summary of the evidence for the US Preventive Services Task Force","volume":"138","author":"M Boustani","year":"2003","journal-title":"Annals of internal medicine"},{"issue":"9","key":"ref32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1133","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.56.9.1133","article-title":"Practice parameter: early detection of dementia: mild cognitive impairment (an evidence-based review): report of the Quality Standards Subcommittee of the American Academy of Neurology","volume":"56","author":"RC Petersen","year":"2001","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"issue":"7161","key":"ref33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"802","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.317.7161.802","article-title":"North of England evidence based guidelines development project: guideline for the primary care management of dementia","volume":"317","author":"M Eccles","year":"1998","journal-title":"BMJ: British Medical Journal"},{"issue":"S1","key":"ref34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S3","DOI":"10.1017\/S0317167100001165","article-title":"The recognition, assessment and management of dementing disorders: conclusions from the Canadian Consensus Conference on Dementia","volume":"28","author":"C Patterson","year":"2001","journal-title":"Canadian Journal of Neurological Sciences"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1093\/ageing\/afu143","article-title":"Systematic review of recent dementia practice guidelines","volume":"44","author":"J Ngo","year":"2014","journal-title":"Age and ageing"},{"issue":"2","key":"ref36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"76","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jalz.2006.02.005","article-title":"Should older adults be screened for dementia?","volume":"2","author":"JW Ashford","year":"2006","journal-title":"Alzheimer's & Dementia"},{"issue":"4","key":"ref37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"187","DOI":"10.1007\/s100720070075","article-title":"Guidelines for the diagnosis of dementia and Alzheimer&apos;s disease","volume":"21","year":"2000","journal-title":"Neurological Sciences"},{"issue":"11","key":"ref38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"791","DOI":"10.7326\/M14-0496","article-title":"Screening for cognitive impairment in older adults: US Preventive Services Task Force recommendation statement","volume":"160","author":"VA Moyer","year":"2014","journal-title":"Annals of internal medicine"},{"key":"ref39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jalz.2007.03.005","article-title":"Should older adults be screened for dementia? It is important to screen for evidence of dementia!","author":"JW Ashford","year":"2007"},{"issue":"3","key":"ref40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"617","DOI":"10.3233\/JAD-150692","article-title":"Timely diagnosis for Alzheimer\u2019s disease: a literature review on benefits and challenges","volume":"49","author":"B Dubois","year":"2016","journal-title":"Journal of Alzheimer's disease"},{"key":"ref41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"302","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.h3029","article-title":"Dementia: timely diagnosis and early intervention","volume":"350","author":"L Robinson","year":"2015","journal-title":"Bmj"},{"issue":"9","key":"ref42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"896","DOI":"10.1002\/gps.2589","article-title":"The national dementia strategy in Japan","volume":"25","author":"A Yumiko","year":"2010","journal-title":"International journal of geriatric psychiatry"},{"issue":"5","key":"ref43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"379","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-148-5-200803040-00009","article-title":"Effectiveness of cholinesterase inhibitors and memantine for treating dementia: evidence review for a clinical practice guideline","volume":"148","author":"P Raina","year":"2008","journal-title":"Annals of internal medicine"},{"key":"ref44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD005593","article-title":"Cholinesterase inhibitors for Alzheimer\u2019s disease","author":"J Birks","year":"2006","journal-title":"The Cochrane database of systematic reviews"},{"issue":"6","key":"ref45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1116","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1532-5415.2008.01705.x","article-title":"Effectiveness of nonpharmacological interventions in delaying the institutionalization of patients with dementia: a meta\u2010analysis","volume":"56","author":"A Spijker","year":"2008","journal-title":"Journal of the American Geriatrics Society"},{"key":"ref46","article-title":"Cholinesterase inhibitors for dementia with Lewy bodies, Parkinson&apos;s disease dementia and cognitive impairment in Parkinson&apos;s disease","author":"M Rolinski","year":"2012"},{"issue":"8","key":"ref47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"769","DOI":"10.1002\/gps.2788","article-title":"A review of the effects of memantine on clinical progression in Alzheimer&apos;s disease","volume":"27","author":"D Wilkinson","year":"2012","journal-title":"International journal of geriatric psychiatry"},{"key":"ref48","article-title":"Memantine for dementia","author":"R McShane","year":"2006","journal-title":"The Cochrane database of systematic reviews"},{"issue":"8","key":"ref49","first-page":"669","article-title":"Dementia case management effectiveness on health care costs and resource utilization: a systematic review of randomized controlled trials","volume":"14","author":"C Pimouguet","year":"2010","journal-title":"The journal of nutrition"},{"issue":"7","key":"ref50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"539","DOI":"10.1016\/S2215-0366(14)00073-X","article-title":"Long-term clinical and cost-effectiveness of psychological intervention for family carers of people with dementia: a single-blind, randomised, controlled trial","volume":"1","author":"G Livingston","year":"2014","journal-title":"The Lancet Psychiatry"},{"issue":"10","key":"ref51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"928","DOI":"10.1097\/JGP.0b013e3181d5792a","article-title":"Goal-Oriented Cognitive Rehabilitation for People With Early-Stage Alzheimer Disease: A Single-Blind Randomized Controlled Trial of Clinical Efficacy","volume":"18","author":"L Clare","year":"2010","journal-title":"The American Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry"},{"issue":"606","key":"ref52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e69","DOI":"10.3399\/bjgp13X660805","article-title":"From forgetfulness to dementia: clinical and commissioning implications of diagnostic experiences","volume":"63","author":"J Manthorpe","year":"2013","journal-title":"British Journal of General Practice"},{"issue":"10","key":"ref53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1001331","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.1001331","article-title":"Psychosocial factors that shape patient and carer experiences of dementia diagnosis and treatment: a systematic review of qualitative studies","volume":"9","author":"F Bunn","year":"2012","journal-title":"PLoS medicine"},{"issue":"10","key":"ref54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1039","DOI":"10.1002\/gps.3925","article-title":"Costs of diagnosing dementia: results from SveDem, the Swedish Dementia Registry","volume":"28","author":"A Wimo","year":"2013","journal-title":"International journal of geriatric psychiatry"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"137","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2318-13-137","article-title":"Characteristics of patients misdiagnosed with Alzheimer\u2019s disease and their medication use: an analysis of the NACC-UDS database","volume":"13","author":"JE Gaugler","year":"2013","journal-title":"BMC geriatrics"},{"issue":"2","key":"ref56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"151","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jalz.2012.08.008","article-title":"Improving dementia care: the role of screening and detection of cognitive impairment","volume":"9","author":"S Borson","year":"2013","journal-title":"Alzheimer's & Dementia"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"28","DOI":"10.1016\/j.maturitas.2015.05.013","article-title":"Should we screen for cognitive decline and dementia?","volume":"82","author":"L Calz\u00e0","year":"2015","journal-title":"Maturitas"},{"key":"ref58","first-page":"344","article-title":"Cameron launches challenge to end \u201cnational crisis\u201d of poor dementia care","author":"Z Kmietowicz","year":"2012","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"ref59","article-title":"Using the Commissioning for Quality and Innovation (CQUIN) payment framework","year":"2012"},{"issue":"2","key":"ref60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"309","DOI":"10.1111\/jgs.13234","article-title":"Findings from the national memory screening day program","volume":"63","author":"PJ Bayley","year":"2015","journal-title":"Journal of the American Geriatrics Society"},{"issue":"2","key":"ref61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"141","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jalz.2012.09.011","article-title":"Alzheimer&apos;s Association recommendations for operationalizing the detection of cognitive impairment during the Medicare Annual Wellness Visit in a primary care setting","volume":"9","author":"CB Cordell","year":"2013","journal-title":"Alzheimer's & dementia: the journal of the Alzheimer's Association"},{"issue":"2","key":"ref62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.1177\/1533317512470209","article-title":"Alzheimer\u2019s disease dementia guidelines for diagnostic testing: a systematic review","volume":"28","author":"I Arevalo-Rodriguez","year":"2013","journal-title":"American Journal of Alzheimer's Disease & Other Dementias\u00ae"},{"issue":"5","key":"ref63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"561","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jalz.2014.06.004","article-title":"Innovative diagnostic tools for early detection of Alzheimer&apos;s disease","volume":"11","author":"C Laske","year":"2015","journal-title":"Alzheimer's & Dementia"},{"key":"ref64","article-title":"Screening for Cognitive Impairment in Older Adults: An Evidence Update for the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force","author":"J Lin","year":"2013","journal-title":"Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (US)"},{"issue":"18","key":"ref65","first-page":"E839","article-title":"For the AGREE Next Steps Consortium","volume":"182","author":"M Brouwers","year":"2010","journal-title":"AGREE II: Advancing guideline development, reporting and evaluation in healthcare"},{"key":"ref66","unstructured":"Alzheimer-Demenz. Konsensus 2012 zur Diagnostik und Therapie von Demenzkranken in der Schweiz. Praxis; 2012 [cited 2018 August 24]. Available from: <ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" ext-link-type=\"uri\" xlink:href=\"https:\/\/econtent.hogrefe.com\/doi\/abs\/10.1024\/1661-8157\/a001085?journalCode=prx\" xlink:type=\"simple\">https:\/\/econtent.hogrefe.com\/doi\/abs\/10.1024\/1661-8157\/a001085?journalCode=prx<\/ext-link>."},{"issue":"4","key":"ref67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"262","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jalz.2007.07.012","article-title":"Introduction: the third Canadian consensus conference on the diagnosis and treatment of dementia, 2006","volume":"3","author":"H Chertkow","year":"2007","journal-title":"Alzheimer's & dementia: the journal of the Alzheimer's Association"},{"key":"ref68","article-title":"Dementia: A NICE-SCIE Guideline on Supporting People With Dementia and Their Carers in Health and Social Care","year":"2007","journal-title":"The British Psychological Society & The Royal College of Psychiatrists"},{"issue":"7","key":"ref69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"825","DOI":"10.1503\/cmaj.070798","article-title":"Diagnosis and treatment of dementia: 2. Diagnosis","volume":"178","author":"HH Feldman","year":"2008","journal-title":"Canadian Medical Association Journal"},{"issue":"S5","key":"ref70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S1","DOI":"10.1017\/S0317167100015183","article-title":"4th Canadian consensus conference on the diagnosis and treatment of dementia","volume":"39","author":"S Gauthier","year":"2012","journal-title":"Canadian Journal of Neurological Sciences"},{"issue":"8","key":"ref71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"787","DOI":"10.1503\/cmaj.070803","article-title":"Diagnosis and treatment of dementia: 4. Approach to management of mild to moderate dementia","volume":"179","author":"DB Hogan","year":"2008","journal-title":"Canadian Medical Association Journal"},{"issue":"10","key":"ref72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1236","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1468-1331.2010.03040.x","article-title":"EFNS guidelines for the diagnosis and management of Alzheimer\u2019s disease","volume":"17","author":"O Hort J","year":"2010","journal-title":"European Journal of Neurology"},{"key":"ref73","article-title":"Clinical practice guidelines we can trust","author":"E Steinberg","year":"2011"},{"issue":"9","key":"ref74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1159","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1468-1331.2012.03784.x","article-title":"EFNS\u2010ENS Guidelines on the diagnosis and management of disorders associated with dementia","volume":"19","author":"S Sorbi","year":"2012","journal-title":"European Journal of Neurology"},{"key":"ref75","article-title":"A Guide to Dementia Diagnosis and Treatment","year":"2011"},{"issue":"11","key":"ref76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1783","DOI":"10.1017\/S1041610214001082","article-title":"Cognitive screening for dementia in primary care: a systematic review","volume":"26","author":"JE Yokomizo","year":"2014","journal-title":"International psychogeriatrics"},{"key":"ref77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"84","DOI":"10.1016\/j.puhe.2019.01.001","article-title":"Validity of screening tools for dementia and mild cognitive impairment among the elderly in primary health care: a systematic review","volume":"169","author":"MA Razak","year":"2019","journal-title":"Public health"},{"issue":"2","key":"ref78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.1002\/jhm.589","article-title":"Impact and recognition of cognitive impairment among hospitalized elders","volume":"5","author":"M Boustani","year":"2010","journal-title":"Journal of hospital medicine: an official publication of the Society of Hospital Medicine"},{"issue":"3","key":"ref79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"344","DOI":"10.1017\/S1041610210001717","article-title":"A systematic review of the prevalence, associations and outcomes of dementia in older general hospital inpatients","volume":"23","author":"N Mukadam","year":"2011","journal-title":"International psychogeriatrics."},{"issue":"1","key":"ref80","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.bp.108.055335","article-title":"Dementia in the acute hospital: prospective cohort study of prevalence and mortality","volume":"195","author":"EL Sampson","year":"2009","journal-title":"The British Journal of Psychiatry"},{"issue":"4","key":"ref81","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"374","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1553-2712.2011.01040.x","article-title":"Four sensitive screening tools to detect cognitive dysfunction in geriatric emergency department patients: brief Alzheimer&apos;s Screen, Short Blessed Test, Ottawa 3DY, and the caregiver-completed AD8","volume":"18","author":"CR Carpenter","year":"2011","journal-title":"Academic Emergency Medicine"},{"issue":"2","key":"ref82","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"226","DOI":"10.1111\/acem.13573","article-title":"Accuracy of Dementia Screening Instruments in Emergency Medicine: A Diagnostic Meta\u2010analysis","volume":"26","author":"CR Carpenter","year":"2019","journal-title":"Academic Emergency Medicine"},{"issue":"10","key":"ref83","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2080","DOI":"10.1161\/01.STR.29.10.2080","article-title":"The CAMCOG: a useful screening instrument for dementia in stroke patients","volume":"29","author":"I de Koning","year":"1998","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"issue":"6","key":"ref84","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"608","DOI":"10.1191\/0269215500cr368oa","article-title":"Cognitive assessment in elderly patients admitted to hospital: the relationship between the shortened version of the Abbreviated Mental Test and the Abbreviated Mental Test and Mini-Mental State Examination","volume":"14","author":"DG Swain","year":"2000","journal-title":"Clinical rehabilitation"},{"issue":"4","key":"ref85","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"301","DOI":"10.1177\/1533317510367485","article-title":"The diagnostic accuracy of dementia-screening instruments with an administration time of 10 to 45 minutes for use in secondary care: a systematic review","volume":"25","author":"BA Appels","year":"2010","journal-title":"American journal of Alzheimer's disease and other dementias"},{"issue":"6","key":"ref86","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"689","DOI":"10.1093\/ageing\/aft145","article-title":"Screening for dementia in general hospital inpatients: a systematic review and meta-analysis of available instruments","volume":"42","author":"TA Jackson","year":"2013","journal-title":"Age and ageing"},{"key":"ref87","unstructured":"Swiss Federal Statistical Office. Swiss Hospital Medical Statistics Tables 2017 [Internet]. Swiss Federal Statistical Office; 2017 [cited 2018 December 27]. Available from: <ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" ext-link-type=\"uri\" xlink:href=\"https:\/\/www.bfs.admin.ch\/bfs\/de\/home\/statistiken\/kataloge-datenbanken\/tabellen.assetdetail.6406943.html\" xlink:type=\"simple\">https:\/\/www.bfs.admin.ch\/bfs\/de\/home\/statistiken\/kataloge-datenbanken\/tabellen.assetdetail.6406943.html<\/ext-link>."},{"issue":"5","key":"ref88","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"391","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMp1204431","article-title":"The growing role of emergency departments in hospital admissions","volume":"367","author":"JD Schuur","year":"2012","journal-title":"New England Journal of Medicine"},{"issue":"11","key":"ref89","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"432","DOI":"10.1177\/0141076814542669","article-title":"Emergency hospital admissions via accident and emergency departments in England: time trend, conceptual framework and policy implications","volume":"107","author":"TE Cowling","year":"2014","journal-title":"Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine"},{"key":"ref90","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"166","DOI":"10.1093\/ageing\/aft184","article-title":"Screening for dementia and other causes of cognitive impairment in general hospital in-patients","volume":"43","author":"SD Shenkin","year":"2014","journal-title":"Age and ageing"},{"key":"ref91","first-page":"426","article-title":"Cumulative Use of Strong Anticholinergic Medications and Incident Dementia: 746","volume":"24","author":"SL Gray","year":"2015","journal-title":"Pharmacoepidemiology and Drug Safety"},{"key":"ref92","first-page":"225","article-title":"The cognitive impact of anticholinergics: a clinical review","volume":"4","author":"N Campbell","year":"2009","journal-title":"Clinical interventions in aging"},{"key":"ref93","article-title":"Mit der Nebendiagnose Demenz im Akutspital\u2014Den Spitalaufenthalt optimal vorbereiten","author":"H Gieche","year":"2015"},{"key":"ref94","article-title":"Evidence for the safety and quality issues associated with the care of patients with cognitive impairment in acute care settings: a rapid review","author":"C Travers","year":"2013"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref95","first-page":"76","article-title":"Adverse health events in hospitalized patients with dementia","volume":"58","author":"M Maslow","year":"2003","journal-title":"The journals of gerontology Series A, Biological sciences and medical sciences"},{"issue":"8","key":"ref96","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"723","DOI":"10.1177\/070674370204700803","article-title":"Brief Screening Tests for Dementia","volume":"47","author":"WJ Lorentz","year":"2002","journal-title":"The Canadian Journal of Psychiatry"},{"issue":"12","key":"ref97","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0168949","article-title":"Screening for Dementia in Older Adults: Comparison of Mini-Mental State Examination, Mini-Cog, Clock Drawing Test and AD8","volume":"11","author":"L Yang","year":"2016","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"8","key":"ref98","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"790","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.2006.095414","article-title":"A review of screening tests for cognitive impairment","volume":"78","author":"Cullen B","year":"2007","journal-title":"Journal of Neurology Neurosurgery and Psychiatry"},{"issue":"10004","key":"ref99","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1698","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(15)00463-8","article-title":"Vascular dementia","volume":"386","author":"JT O'Brien","year":"2015","journal-title":"The Lancet"},{"issue":"6985","key":"ref100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"970","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.310.6985.970","article-title":"Prevalence of Alzheimer&apos;s disease and vascular dementia: association with education. The Rotterdam study","volume":"310","author":"A Ott","year":"1995","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref101","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1007\/s13670-018-0236-2","article-title":"Using Informant and Performance Screening Methods to Detect Mild Cognitive Impairment and Dementia","volume":"7","author":"JE Galvin","year":"2018","journal-title":"Current Geriatrics Reports"},{"issue":"4","key":"ref102","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"358","DOI":"10.1016\/S0895-4356(03)00009-X","article-title":"Improving screening accuracy for dementia in a community sample by augmenting cognitive testing with informant report","volume":"56","author":"A Mackinnon","year":"2003","journal-title":"Journal of Clinical Epidemiology"},{"issue":"11","key":"ref103","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1529","DOI":"10.1176\/ajp.155.11.1529","article-title":"Combining cognitive testing and informant report to increase accuracy in screening for dementia","volume":"155","author":"A Mackinnon","year":"1998","journal-title":"The American journal of psychiatry"},{"issue":"8","key":"ref104","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1228","DOI":"10.1176\/ajp.152.8.1228","article-title":"Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 4th ed. (DSM-IV)","volume":"152","author":"BG Samuel","year":"1995","journal-title":"American Journal of Psychiatry"},{"issue":"3","key":"ref105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"270","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jalz.2011.03.008","article-title":"The diagnosis of mild cognitive impairment due to Alzheimer&apos;s disease: recommendations from the National Institute on Aging-Alzheimer&apos;s Association workgroups on diagnostic guidelines for Alzheimer&apos;s disease","volume":"7","author":"MS Albert","year":"2011","journal-title":"Alzheimer's & dementia: the journal of the Alzheimer's Association"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref106","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1017\/S1092852900016151","article-title":"Mild cognitive impairment: an overview","volume":"13","author":"RC Petersen","year":"2008","journal-title":"CNS spectrums"},{"issue":"9518","key":"ref107","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1262","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(06)68542-5","article-title":"Mild cognitive impairment","volume":"367","author":"S Gauthier","year":"2006","journal-title":"The lancet"},{"issue":"3","key":"ref108","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"240","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2796.2004.01380.x","article-title":"Mild cognitive impairment\u2013beyond controversies, towards a consensus: report of the International Working Group on Mild Cognitive Impairment","volume":"256","author":"B Winblad","year":"2004","journal-title":"Journal of internal medicine"},{"key":"ref109","article-title":"Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders","author":"BG Samuel","year":"2000","journal-title":"American Journal of Psychiatry"},{"key":"ref110","article-title":"International statistical classification of diseases and related health problems","year":"2018"},{"issue":"4","key":"ref111","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"416","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.57.4.416","article-title":"Clinical and neuropathological criteria for frontotemporal dementia. The Lund and Manchester Groups","volume":"57","author":"B Englund","year":"1994","journal-title":"Journal of neurology, neurosurgery, and psychiatry"},{"issue":"2","key":"ref112","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"250","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.43.2.250","article-title":"Vascular dementia: diagnostic criteria for research studies. Report of the NINDS-AIREN International Workshop","volume":"43","author":"GC Roman","year":"1993","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"issue":"5","key":"ref113","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1113","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.47.5.1113","article-title":"Consensus guidelines for the clinical and pathologic diagnosis of dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB): report of the consortium on DLB international workshop","volume":"47","author":"IG McKeith","year":"1996","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"issue":"7","key":"ref114","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"939","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.34.7.939","article-title":"Clinical diagnosis of Alzheimer&apos;s disease: report of the NINCDS-ADRDA Work Group under the auspices of Department of Health and Human Services Task Force on Alzheimer&apos;s Disease","volume":"34","author":"G McKhann","year":"1984","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"ref115","article-title":"Neuropsychological tests for the diagnosis of Alzheimer&apos;s disease dementia and other dementias: a generic protocol for cross-sectional and delayed-verification studies","author":"DH Davis","year":"2013","journal-title":"Cochrane Database of Systematic Review"},{"key":"ref116","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"40","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclinepi.2016.01.021","article-title":"PRESS Peer Review of Electronic Search Strategies: 2015 Guideline Statement","volume":"75","author":"J McGowan","year":"2016","journal-title":"Journal of clinical epidemiology"},{"issue":"8","key":"ref117","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"529","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-155-8-201110180-00009","article-title":"Quadas-2: A revised tool for the quality assessment of diagnostic accuracy studies","volume":"155","author":"PF Whiting","year":"2011","journal-title":"Annals of Internal Medicine"},{"key":"ref118","article-title":"Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Diagnostic Test Accuracy: Chapter 10 Analysing and Presenting Results","author":"GC Macaskill P","year":"2010"},{"issue":"11","key":"ref119","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2016-012799","article-title":"STARD 2015 guidelines for reporting diagnostic accuracy studies: explanation and elaboration","volume":"6","author":"JF Cohen","year":"2016","journal-title":"BMJ Open"},{"issue":"4","key":"ref120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"M281","DOI":"10.1093\/gerona\/53A.4.M281","article-title":"The time and change test: a simple screening test for dementia","volume":"53","author":"SK Inouye","year":"1998","journal-title":"The journals of gerontology Series A, Biological sciences and medical sciences"},{"issue":"2","key":"ref121","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1741-6612.2007.00220.x","article-title":"Validating an Australian version of the Time and Change Test: A screening test for cognitive impairment","volume":"26","author":"BR Nair","year":"2007","journal-title":"Australasian Journal on Ageing"},{"issue":"4\u20135","key":"ref122","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"173","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brainresbull.2009.05.023","article-title":"Use of the Cognitive Performance Scale (CPS) to detect cognitive impairment in the acute care setting: concurrent and predictive validity","volume":"80","author":"CJ Bula","year":"2009","journal-title":"Brain research bulletin"},{"issue":"815","key":"ref123","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"696","DOI":"10.1136\/pgmj.69.815.696","article-title":"Comparison of clock drawing with Mini Mental State Examination as a screening test in elderly acute hospital admissions","volume":"69","author":"J Death","year":"1993","journal-title":"Postgraduate medical journal"},{"issue":"7","key":"ref124","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"755","DOI":"10.1002\/gps.2776","article-title":"Screening for cognitive impairment in older general hospital patients: comparison of the Six-Item Cognitive Impairment Test with the Mini-Mental State Examination","volume":"27","author":"JP Tuijl","year":"2012","journal-title":"International journal of geriatric psychiatry"},{"issue":"5","key":"ref125","first-page":"435","article-title":"Validation of the interRAI Cognitive Performance Scale against independent clinical diagnosis and the Mini-Mental State Examination in older hospitalized patients","volume":"17","author":"C Travers","year":"2013","journal-title":"The journal of nutrition"},{"issue":"4","key":"ref126","first-page":"M281","article-title":"The Time and Change Test: A Simple Screening Test for Dementia. The Journals of Gerontology","volume":"53A","author":"SK Inouye","year":"1998","journal-title":"Series A"},{"issue":"3","key":"ref127","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"295","DOI":"10.1016\/j.acn.2007.12.003","article-title":"Clock drawing performance in cognitively normal elderly","volume":"23","author":"EJ Hubbard","year":"2008","journal-title":"Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"68","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/79.1.68","article-title":"Unilateral spatial agnosia (inattention) in patients with cerebral lesions","volume":"79","author":"WS Battersby","year":"1956","journal-title":"Brain: a journal of neurology"},{"key":"ref129","article-title":"The parietal lobes","author":"M Critchley","year":"1953"},{"issue":"3","key":"ref130","first-page":"iii41","article-title":"The clock-drawing test","volume":"41","author":"B Agrell","year":"1998","journal-title":"Age and ageing"},{"issue":"3","key":"ref131","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"254","DOI":"10.1002\/gps.585","article-title":"Psychometric properties of Clock Drawing Test and MMSE or Short Performance Test (SKT) in dementia screening in a memory clinic population","volume":"17","author":"U Schramm","year":"2002","journal-title":"International journal of geriatric psychiatry"},{"issue":"6","key":"ref132","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"548","DOI":"10.1002\/1099-1166(200006)15:6<548::AID-GPS242>3.0.CO;2-U","article-title":"Clock-drawing: is it the ideal cognitive screening test?","volume":"15","author":"KI Shulman","year":"2000","journal-title":"International journal of geriatric psychiatry"},{"issue":"3","key":"ref133","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"349","DOI":"10.1001\/archneur.55.3.349","article-title":"A 7 minute neurocognitive screening battery highly sensitive to Alzheimer&apos;s disease","volume":"55","author":"PR Solomon","year":"1998","journal-title":"Archives of neurology"},{"issue":"3","key":"ref134","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"889","DOI":"10.3233\/JAD-2010-101182","article-title":"Does the combination of the MMSE and clock drawing test (mini-clock) improve the detection of mild Alzheimer&apos;s disease and mild cognitive impairment?","volume":"22","author":"J Cacho","year":"2010","journal-title":"Journal of Alzheimer's disease"},{"issue":"2","key":"ref135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"135","DOI":"10.1002\/gps.930010209","article-title":"The challenge of time: Clock\u2010drawing and cognitive function in the elderly","volume":"1","author":"KI Shulman","year":"1986","journal-title":"International journal of geriatric psychiatry"},{"issue":"3","key":"ref136","first-page":"189","article-title":"&quot;Mini-mental state&quot;. A practical method for grading the cognitive state of patients for the clinician","volume":"12","author":"MF Folstein","year":"1975","journal-title":"Journal of psychiatric research"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref137","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.4103\/IJPSYM.IJPSYM_244_17","article-title":"The Clock Drawing Test versus Mini-mental Status Examination as a Screening Tool for Dementia: A Clinical Comparison","volume":"40","author":"D Palsetia","year":"2018","journal-title":"Indian journal of psychological medicine"},{"issue":"7","key":"ref138","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"945","DOI":"10.1177\/1073191116632586","article-title":"The Reliability of Clock Drawing Test Scoring Systems Modeled on the Normative Data in Healthy Aging and Nonamnestic Mild Cognitive Impairment","volume":"24","author":"AF Mazancova","year":"2017","journal-title":"Assessment"},{"issue":"3","key":"ref139","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"259","DOI":"10.1017\/S1041610202008463","article-title":"Accuracy of the clock drawing test for detecting dementia in a multicultural sample of elderly Australian patients","volume":"14","author":"JE Storey","year":"2002","journal-title":"International psychogeriatrics"},{"issue":"2","key":"ref140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"85","DOI":"10.1097\/00146965-200306000-00001","article-title":"Discrimination of dementia with lewy bodies from Alzheimer disease and Parkinson disease using the clock drawing test","volume":"16","author":"DA Cahn-Weiner","year":"2003","journal-title":"Cognitive and behavioral neurology"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref141","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"80","DOI":"10.1080\/0361073X.2013.741996","article-title":"The Framingham Heart Study clock drawing performance: normative data from the offspring cohort","volume":"39","author":"JA Nyborn","year":"2013","journal-title":"Experimental aging research"},{"issue":"7","key":"ref142","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1146","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1532-5415.2004.52313.x","article-title":"Clock drawing, clock reading, clock setting, and judgment of clock faces in elderly people with dementia and depression","volume":"52","author":"T Bodner","year":"2004","journal-title":"Journal of the American Geriatrics Society"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref143","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e22","DOI":"10.1002\/gps.4731","article-title":"The test of time: a history of clock drawing","volume":"33","author":"E Hazan","year":"2018","journal-title":"International journal of geriatric psychiatry"},{"issue":"2","key":"ref144","first-page":"74","article-title":"The Clock Drawing Test: A review of its accuracy in screening for dementia","volume":"3","author":"I Aprahamian","year":"2009"},{"issue":"4","key":"ref145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"M174","DOI":"10.1093\/geronj\/49.4.M174","article-title":"MDS Cognitive Performance Scale","volume":"49","author":"JN Morris","year":"1994","journal-title":"Journal of Gerontology"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref146","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1177\/0891988715598231","article-title":"Updating the Cognitive Performance Scale","volume":"29","author":"JN Morris","year":"2016","journal-title":"Journal of geriatric psychiatry and neurology"},{"key":"ref147","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"c4738","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.c4738","article-title":"Why are we copyrighting science?","volume":"341","author":"V de Silva","year":"2010","journal-title":"Bmj"},{"issue":"2","key":"ref148","first-page":"343","article-title":"The validity of using the mini mental state examination in NICE dementia guidelines","volume":"75","author":"RJ Davey","year":"2004","journal-title":"Journal of neurology, neurosurgery, and psychiatry"},{"issue":"2","key":"ref149","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"281","DOI":"10.1017\/S1041610205002693","article-title":"IPA survey of brief cognitive screening instruments","volume":"18","author":"KI Shulman","year":"2006","journal-title":"International psychogeriatrics"},{"issue":"3","key":"ref150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"151","DOI":"10.1177\/0891988710363714","article-title":"The death knoll for the MMSE: has it outlived its purpose?","volume":"23","author":"RE Nieuwenhuis-Mark","year":"2010","journal-title":"Journal of geriatric psychiatry and neurology"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref151","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10","DOI":"10.5694\/j.1326-5377.1994.tb138193.x","article-title":"General practice and dementia. A national survey of Australian GPs","volume":"160","author":"H Brodaty","year":"1994","journal-title":"The Medical journal of Australia"},{"key":"ref152","article-title":"Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) for the detection of Alzheimer&apos;s disease and other dementias in people with mild cognitive impairment (MCI)","author":"I Arevalo-Rodriguez","year":"2015","journal-title":"The Cochrane database of systematic reviews"},{"issue":"8","key":"ref153","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1247","DOI":"10.1017\/S1041610214000416","article-title":"Review of brief cognitive tests for patients with suspected dementia","volume":"26","author":"L Velayudhan","year":"2014","journal-title":"International psychogeriatrics"},{"issue":"4","key":"ref154","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"411","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpsychires.2008.04.014","article-title":"A meta-analysis of the accuracy of the mini-mental state examination in the detection of dementia and mild cognitive impairment","volume":"43","author":"AJ Mitchell","year":"2009","journal-title":"Journal of psychiatric research"},{"issue":"10","key":"ref155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1008","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1099-1166(199710)12:10<1008::AID-GPS676>3.0.CO;2-A","article-title":"Age- and education-specific reference values for the Mini-Mental and modified Mini-Mental State Examinations derived from a non-demented elderly population","volume":"12","author":"G Bravo","year":"1997","journal-title":"International journal of geriatric psychiatry"},{"issue":"18","key":"ref156","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2386","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1993.03500180078038","article-title":"Population-based norms for the Mini-Mental State Examination by age and educational level","volume":"269","author":"RM Crum","year":"1993","journal-title":"Jama"},{"issue":"2","key":"ref157","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"315","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.53.2.315","article-title":"Norms for the Mini-Mental State Examination in a healthy population","volume":"53","author":"F Grigoletto","year":"1999","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"issue":"6","key":"ref158","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"734","DOI":"10.1176\/ajp.140.6.734","article-title":"Validation of a short Orientation-Memory-Concentration Test of cognitive impairment","volume":"140","author":"R Katzman","year":"1983","journal-title":"The American journal of psychiatry"},{"issue":"512","key":"ref159","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"797","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.114.512.797","article-title":"The association between quantitative measures of dementia and of senile change in the cerebral grey matter of elderly subjects","volume":"114","author":"G Blessed","year":"1968","journal-title":"The British journal of psychiatry"},{"issue":"5","key":"ref160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"911","DOI":"10.1017\/S1041610208007394","article-title":"Screening for dementia in primary care: a review of the use, efficacy and quality of measures","volume":"20","author":"A Milne","year":"2008","journal-title":"International psychogeriatrics"},{"issue":"2","key":"ref161","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"186","DOI":"10.1001\/archinternmed.2009.498","article-title":"Physical activity and incident cognitive impairment in elderly persons: the INVADE study","volume":"170","author":"T Etgen","year":"2010","journal-title":"Archives of internal medicine"},{"issue":"5","key":"ref162","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"465","DOI":"10.1002\/gps.1115","article-title":"Validation of short screening tests for depression and cognitive impairment in older medically ill inpatients","volume":"19","author":"H Goring","year":"2004","journal-title":"International journal of geriatric psychiatry"},{"issue":"11","key":"ref163","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"936","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1099-1166(199911)14:11<936::AID-GPS39>3.0.CO;2-1","article-title":"Validation of a 6 item cognitive impairment test with a view to primary care usage","volume":"14","author":"P Brooke","year":"1999","journal-title":"International journal of geriatric psychiatry"},{"issue":"6","key":"ref164","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"773","DOI":"10.1001\/archneurol.2009.69","article-title":"Stability of the Clinical Dementia Rating, 1979\u20132007","volume":"66","author":"MM Williams","year":"2009","journal-title":"Archives of neurology"},{"issue":"5","key":"ref165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"661","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.61.5.661","article-title":"Clinical outcomes of possible versus probable Alzheimer&apos;s disease","volume":"61","author":"DT Villareal","year":"2003","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"ref166","article-title":"Helping You to Assess Cognition. A practical toolkit for clinicians","author":"C Ballard","year":"2013"},{"key":"ref167","article-title":"A NICE-SCIE Guideline on Supporting People With Dementia and Their Carers in Health and Social Care","year":"2007","journal-title":"The British Psychological Society & The Royal College of Psychiatrists"},{"issue":"1\u20132","key":"ref168","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"42","DOI":"10.1159\/000448241","article-title":"Validity and Reliability of the 6-Item Cognitive Impairment Test for Screening Cognitive Impairment: A Review","volume":"42","author":"D O'Sullivan","year":"2016","journal-title":"Dementia and geriatric cognitive disorders"},{"issue":"12","key":"ref169","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1506","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1532-5415.1998.tb01534.x","article-title":"Screening for dementia in the outpatient setting: the time and change test","volume":"46","author":"TE Froehlich","year":"1998","journal-title":"Journal of the American Geriatrics Society"},{"issue":"10","key":"ref170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"982","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclinepi.2005.02.022","article-title":"Bivariate analysis of sensitivity and specificity produces informative summary measures in diagnostic reviews","volume":"58","author":"JB Reitsma","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Clin Epidemiol"},{"issue":"19","key":"ref171","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2865","DOI":"10.1002\/sim.942","article-title":"A hierarchical regression approach to meta-analysis of diagnostic test accuracy evaluations","volume":"20","author":"CM Rutter","year":"2001","journal-title":"Statistics in medicine"},{"issue":"2","key":"ref172","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"397","DOI":"10.1017\/S0033291700046730","article-title":"Limits of the &apos;Mini-Mental State&apos; as a screening test for dementia and delirium among hospital patients","volume":"12","author":"JC Anthony","year":"1982","journal-title":"Psychological medicine"},{"issue":"5","key":"ref173","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"412","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1532-5415.1987.tb04662.x","article-title":"Short Portable Mental Status Questionnaire as a screening test for dementia and delirium among the elderly","volume":"35","author":"T Erkinjuntti","year":"1987","journal-title":"Journal of the American Geriatrics Society"},{"issue":"5","key":"ref174","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"500","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.2010.214817","article-title":"Orientation to time as a guide to the presence and severity of cognitive impairment in older hospital patients","volume":"82","author":"E O'keeffe","year":"2011","journal-title":"Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery & Psychiatry"},{"issue":"4","key":"ref175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"199","DOI":"10.1159\/000068787","article-title":"Construct validity of the abbreviated mental test in older medical inpatients","volume":"15","author":"RA Incalzi","year":"2003","journal-title":"Dementia and geriatric cognitive disorders"},{"issue":"5","key":"ref176","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"332","DOI":"10.1093\/ageing\/20.5.332","article-title":"The abbreviated mental test: its use and validity","volume":"20","author":"S Jitapunkul","year":"1991","journal-title":"Age and ageing"},{"issue":"10","key":"ref177","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1569","DOI":"10.1017\/S1041610211000792","article-title":"The use of the Digit Span Test in screening for cognitive impairment in acute medical inpatients","volume":"23","author":"JL Leung","year":"2011","journal-title":"International psychogeriatrics"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref178","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1093\/ageing\/26.1.31","article-title":"Cognitive impairment in medical inpatients. I: Screening for dementia\u2014is history better than mental state?","volume":"26","author":"DM Harwood","year":"1997","journal-title":"Age and ageing"},{"issue":"5","key":"ref179","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"465","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jagp.2012.08.012","article-title":"Hospitalization and cognitive decline: Can the nature of the relationship be deciphered?","volume":"22","author":"SB Mathews","year":"2014","journal-title":"The American journal of geriatric psychiatry"},{"issue":"Pt 9","key":"ref180","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2809","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/aws190","article-title":"Delirium is a strong risk factor for dementia in the oldest-old: a population-based cohort study","volume":"135","author":"DH Davis","year":"2012","journal-title":"Brain: a journal of neurology"},{"key":"ref181","first-page":"3","article-title":"Delirium in an adult acute hospital population: predictors, prevalence and detection","author":"DJ Ryan","year":"2013","journal-title":"BMJ Open"},{"key":"ref182","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e8588","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.e8588","article-title":"There is no evidence base for proposed dementia screening","volume":"345","author":"MD Brunet","year":"2012","journal-title":"Bmj"}],"container-title":["PLOS ONE"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0219569","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,18]],"date-time":"2023-09-18T15:10:13Z","timestamp":1695049813000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0219569"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"Terence J.","family":"Quinn","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"editor"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,25]]},"references-count":182,"journal-issue":{"issue":"7","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,25]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0219569","relation":{},"ISSN":["1932-6203"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1932-6203","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,25]]}}}