{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,14]],"date-time":"2026-10-14T11:50:47Z","timestamp":1791978647632,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":57,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,9,9]],"date-time":"2019-09-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1567987200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosone.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS ONE"],"DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0222016","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,9,9]],"date-time":"2019-09-09T17:32:50Z","timestamp":1568050370000},"page":"e0222016","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":26,"title":["Impact of care provider network characteristics on patient outcomes: Usage of social network analysis and a multi-scale community detection"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5239-4046","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Mina","family":"Ostovari","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5083-1713","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Denny","family":"Yu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,9,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"pone.0222016.ref001","unstructured":"Chronic diseases in America | CDC [Internet]. 2019 [cited 2019 Jan 29]. Available from: https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/chronicdisease\/resources\/infographic\/chronic-diseases.htm"},{"key":"pone.0222016.ref002","author":"National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion","year":"2018"},{"issue":"2","key":"pone.0222016.ref003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"204","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjcard.2006.01.079","article-title":"Prevalence, treatment, and control of combined hypertension and hypercholesterolemia in the United States","volume":"98","author":"ND Wong","year":"2006","journal-title":"Am J Cardiol"},{"issue":"10","key":"pone.0222016.ref004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"969","DOI":"10.4065\/73.10.969","article-title":"Hyperlipidemia and diabetes mellitus","volume":"73","author":"T O\u2019Brien","year":"1998","journal-title":"Mayo Clin Proc"},{"issue":"11","key":"pone.0222016.ref005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"506","DOI":"10.1007\/s11920-014-0506-4","article-title":"Collaborative care: models for treatment of patients with complex medical-psychiatric conditions","volume":"16","author":"GO Ivbijaro","year":"2014","journal-title":"Curr Psychiatry Rep"},{"issue":"2","key":"pone.0222016.ref006","first-page":"63","article-title":"Quality improvement in chronic illness care: a collaborative approach","volume":"27","author":"EH Wagner","year":"2001","journal-title":"Jt Comm J Qual Improv"},{"issue":"6","key":"pone.0222016.ref007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"832","DOI":"10.1136\/hrt.2003.025296","article-title":"Inter-professional team approach to patients with heart failure","volume":"91","author":"T Jaarsma","year":"2005","journal-title":"Heart Br Card Soc"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0222016.ref008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e45","DOI":"10.2146\/ajhp160318","article-title":"Interprofessional care collaboration for patients with heart failure","volume":"75","author":"A Boykin","year":"2018","journal-title":"Am J Health Syst Pharm"},{"issue":"2","key":"pone.0222016.ref009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"207","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jmir.2017.02.071","article-title":"Collaboration in Health Care","volume":"48","author":"L Morley","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Med Imaging Radiat Sci"},{"issue":"11","key":"pone.0222016.ref010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3042","DOI":"10.2337\/diacare.26.11.3042","article-title":"The relationship between provider coordination and diabetes-related foot outcomes","volume":"26","author":"JS Wrobel","year":"2003","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"issue":"5","key":"pone.0222016.ref011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"396","DOI":"10.1002\/jhm.1921","article-title":"Nurse\u2010pharmacist collaboration on medication reconciliation prevents potential harm","volume":"7","author":"LS Feldman","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Hosp Med"},{"issue":"2","key":"pone.0222016.ref012","article-title":"Interprofessional teamwork and collaboration between community health workers and healthcare teams: An integrative review","volume":"2","author":"CM Franklin","year":"2015","journal-title":"Health Serv Res Manag Epidemiol"},{"issue":"3","key":"pone.0222016.ref013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e16","DOI":"10.1097\/MLR.0b013e31827feef6","article-title":"Measuring teamwork in health care settings: a review of survey instruments","volume":"54","author":"MA Valentine","year":"2015","journal-title":"Med Care"},{"issue":"4","key":"pone.0222016.ref014","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"138","DOI":"10.11124\/JBISRIR-2016-2159","article-title":"The measurement of collaboration within healthcare settings: a systematic review of measurement properties of instruments","volume":"14","author":"SJ Walters","year":"2016","journal-title":"JBI Database Syst Rev Implement Rep"},{"issue":"5","key":"pone.0222016.ref015","first-page":"877","article-title":"Teamwork in the operating room: frontline perspectives among hospitals and operating room personnel","volume":"105","author":"JB Sexton","year":"2006","journal-title":"Anesthesiol J Am Soc Anesthesiol"},{"issue":"6","key":"pone.0222016.ref016","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"778","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jamcollsurg.2007.07.039","article-title":"Risk-adjusted morbidity in teaching hospitals correlates with reported levels of communication and collaboration on surgical teams but not with scale measures of teamwork climate, safety climate, or working conditions","volume":"205","author":"DL Davenport","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Am Coll Surg"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0222016.ref017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1308\/003588413X13511609956372","article-title":"A quick guide to survey research","volume":"95","author":"TL Jones","year":"2013","journal-title":"Ann R Coll Surg Engl"},{"key":"pone.0222016.ref018","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"483","DOI":"10.1177\/0899764001303006","article-title":"Challenges in survey research and their implications for philanthropic studies research","volume":"30","author":"J Kennedy","year":"2001","journal-title":"Nonprofit Volunt Sect Qtly"},{"issue":"11","key":"pone.0222016.ref019","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1514","DOI":"10.1016\/j.injury.2013.03.006","article-title":"Patterns of healthcare service utilisation following severe traumatic brain injury: An idiographic analysis of injury compensation claims data","volume":"44","author":"A Collie","year":"2013","journal-title":"Injury"},{"key":"pone.0222016.ref020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"121","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aap.2013.01.007","article-title":"Do claim factors predict health care utilization after transport accidents?","volume":"53","author":"NA Elbers","year":"2013","journal-title":"Accid Anal Prev"},{"issue":"3","key":"pone.0222016.ref021","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"400","DOI":"10.1093\/tbm\/iby023","article-title":"Exploring Medicaid claims data to understand predictors of healthcare utilization and mortality for Medicaid individuals with or without a diagnosis of lung cancer: a feasibility study","volume":"8","author":"S Hewner","year":"2018","journal-title":"Transl Behav Med"},{"issue":"5","key":"pone.0222016.ref022","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1592","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1475-6773.2011.01262.x","article-title":"Mapping physician networks with self-reported and administrative data","volume":"46","author":"ML Barnett","year":"2011","journal-title":"Health Serv Res"},{"issue":"3","key":"pone.0222016.ref023","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"265","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2012.7615","article-title":"Variation in patient-sharing networks of physicians across the United States","volume":"308","author":"BE Landon","year":"2012","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"issue":"2","key":"pone.0222016.ref024","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"152","DOI":"10.1097\/MLR.0b013e31822dcef7","article-title":"Physician patient-sharing networks and the cost and intensity of care in US hospitals","volume":"50","author":"ML Barnett","year":"2012","journal-title":"Med Care"},{"issue":"4","key":"pone.0222016.ref025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"317","DOI":"10.1097\/MLR.0000000000000319","article-title":"Patient sharing and quality of care: measuring outcomes of care coordination using claims data","volume":"53","author":"C Pollack","year":"2015","journal-title":"Med Care"},{"issue":"6","key":"pone.0222016.ref026","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"534","DOI":"10.1097\/MLR.0000000000000365","article-title":"Physician networks and ambulatory care-sensitive admissions","volume":"53","author":"LP Casalino","year":"2015","journal-title":"Med Care"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0222016.ref027","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"380","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1475-6773.2011.01331.x","article-title":"Physician social networks and variation in prostate cancer treatment in three cities","volume":"47","author":"CE Pollack","year":"2012","journal-title":"Health Serv Res"},{"issue":"6","key":"pone.0222016.ref028","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"670","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCOUTCOMES.116.003041","article-title":"Characterizing teamwork in cardiovascular care outcomes: a network analytics approach","volume":"9","author":"MB Carson","year":"2016","journal-title":"Circ Cardiovasc Qual Outcomes"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0222016.ref029","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"66","DOI":"10.1001\/jamainternmed.2017.5034","article-title":"Patient-sharing networks of physicians and health care utilization and spending among Medicare beneficiaries","volume":"178","author":"BE Landon","year":"2017","journal-title":"JAMA Intern Med"},{"key":"pone.0222016.ref030","first-page":"152","article-title":"Impact of physician community structure on healthcare outcomes","volume":"214","author":"S Uddin","year":"2015","journal-title":"Driv Reform Digit Health Everyones Bus"},{"issue":"8","key":"pone.0222016.ref031","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"715","DOI":"10.1097\/MLR.0b013e3182977991","article-title":"Using administrative data to identify naturally occurring networks of physicians","volume":"51","author":"BE Landon","year":"2013","journal-title":"Med Care"},{"key":"pone.0222016.ref032","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"611","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jval.2014.04.011","article-title":"Physician social networks and variation in rates of complications after radical prostatectomy","volume":"17","author":"CE Pollack","year":"2014","journal-title":"Value Health"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0222016.ref033","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"36","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0605965104","article-title":"Resolution limit in community detection","volume":"104","author":"S Fortunato","year":"2007","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci"},{"issue":"11","key":"pone.0222016.ref034","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1499","DOI":"10.1007\/s11606-014-2964-0","article-title":"Provider collaboration: cohesion, constellations, and shared patients","volume":"29","author":"KD Mandl","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Gen Intern Med"},{"issue":"4","key":"pone.0222016.ref035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"598","DOI":"10.1093\/tbm\/ibx015","article-title":"A scoping review of patient-sharing network studies using administrative data","volume":"8","author":"EH DuGoff","year":"2018","journal-title":"Transl Behav Med"},{"key":"pone.0222016.ref036","volume-title":"Bloomberg School of Public Health","author":"Johns Hopkins","year":"2014"},{"issue":"7","key":"pone.0222016.ref037","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"615","DOI":"10.1097\/JOM.0000000000001034","article-title":"Impact of an onsite clinic on utilization of preventive services","volume":"59","author":"M Ostovari","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Occup Environ Med"},{"key":"pone.0222016.ref038","unstructured":"2014 ICD-9-CM diagnosis codes 250.*: diabetes mellitus [Internet]. [cited 2018 Aug 20]. Available from: http:\/\/www.icd9data.com\/2014\/Volume1\/240-279\/249-259\/250\/default.htm"},{"key":"pone.0222016.ref039","unstructured":"2012 ICD-9-CM Diagnosis Codes 401.*: Essential hypertension [Internet]. [cited 2019 Jan 30]. Available from: http:\/\/www.icd9data.com\/2012\/Volume1\/390-459\/401-405\/401\/default.htm"},{"key":"pone.0222016.ref040","unstructured":"2014 ICD-9-CM Diagnosis Code 272.4: Other and unspecified hyperlipidemia [Internet]. 2014 [cited 2019 Jan 30]. Available from: http:\/\/www.icd9data.com\/2014\/Volume1\/240-279\/270-279\/272\/272.4.htm"},{"key":"pone.0222016.ref041","article-title":"Data-driven modeling of diabetes care teams using social network analysis","author":"M Ostovari","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Am Med Inform Assoc"},{"key":"pone.0222016.ref042","first-page":"1435","article-title":"Identifying key players in the care process of patients with diabetes using social network analysis and administrative data","author":"M Ostovari","year":"2018","journal-title":"Annu Symp Proc"},{"key":"pone.0222016.ref043","unstructured":"Le Martelot E, Hankin C. Multi-scale community detection using stability optimisation within greedy algorithms. ArXiv Prepr ArXiv12013307. 2012;"},{"key":"pone.0222016.ref044","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-23883-8","volume-title":"A user\u2019s guide to network analysis in R","author":"D Luke","year":"2015"},{"key":"pone.0222016.ref045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"153","DOI":"10.1016\/j.socnet.2015.08.003","article-title":"Maintaining the duality of closeness and betweenness centrality","volume":"44","author":"U Brandes","year":"2016","journal-title":"Soc Netw"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0222016.ref046","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"166","DOI":"10.1037\/a0029508","article-title":"A tutorial on count regression and zero-altered count models for longitudinal substance use data","volume":"27","author":"DC Atkins","year":"2013","journal-title":"Psychol Addict Behav J Soc Psychol Addict Behav"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0222016.ref047","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.1136\/amiajnl-2011-000256","article-title":"The use of count data models in biomedical informatics evaluation research","volume":"19","author":"J Du","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Am Med Inform Assoc JAMIA"},{"issue":"4","key":"pone.0222016.ref048","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"810","DOI":"10.1177\/1536867X1301300408","article-title":"Testing for zero inflation in count models: Bias correction for the Vuong test","volume":"13","author":"BA Desmarais","year":"2013","journal-title":"Stata J"},{"key":"pone.0222016.ref049","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1201\/9781420035285","volume-title":"Generalized estimating equations","author":"JW Hardin","year":"2002"},{"key":"pone.0222016.ref050","unstructured":"Csardi MG. Package \u2018igraph.\u2019 2013."},{"key":"pone.0222016.ref051","author":"H Wickham","year":"2016","journal-title":"devtools: tools to make developing R packages easier"},{"key":"pone.0222016.ref052","unstructured":"Lambiotte R, Delvenne J-C, Barahona M. Laplacian dynamics and multiscale modular structure in networks. ArXiv Prepr ArXiv08121770. 2008;"},{"issue":"3","key":"pone.0222016.ref053","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"279","DOI":"10.2337\/ds17-0024","article-title":"Type 2 diabetes management in primary care: The role of retrospective, professional continuous glucose monitoring","volume":"31","author":"M Shrivastav","year":"2018","journal-title":"Diabetes Spectr"},{"key":"pone.0222016.ref054","first-page":"477","article-title":"Hypertension: The family physician\u2019s role","volume":"24","author":"KV Rudnick","year":"1978","journal-title":"Can Fam Physician Med Fam Can"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0222016.ref055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"195","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pop.2012.11.003","article-title":"Hyperlipidemia as a risk factor for cardiovascular disease","volume":"40","author":"RH Nelson","year":"2013","journal-title":"Prim Care"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0222016.ref056","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.1007\/s11606-015-3438-8","article-title":"Factors influencing hospital admission of non-critically ill patients presenting to the emergency department: a cross-sectional study","volume":"31","author":"AE Lewis Hunter","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Gen Intern Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0222016.ref057","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"115","DOI":"10.1177\/1077558717718626","article-title":"Provider connectedness to other providers reduces risk of readmission after hospitalization for heart failure","volume":"76","author":"A Geva","year":"2017","journal-title":"Med Care Res Rev"}],"container-title":["PLOS ONE"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0222016","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,19]],"date-time":"2021-01-19T15:39:39Z","timestamp":1611070779000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0222016"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"Lars-Peter","family":"Kamolz","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"editor"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,9,9]]},"references-count":57,"journal-issue":{"issue":"9","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,9,9]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0222016","relation":{},"ISSN":["1932-6203"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1932-6203","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,9,9]]}}}