{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,23]],"date-time":"2026-07-23T23:16:31Z","timestamp":1784848591026,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":51,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,4]],"date-time":"2019-10-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1570147200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosone.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS ONE"],"DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0222396","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,4]],"date-time":"2019-10-04T17:23:42Z","timestamp":1570209822000},"page":"e0222396","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["Geospatial analysis of the influence of family doctor on colorectal cancer screening adherence"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Fabrizio","family":"Stracci","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alessio","family":"Gili","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giulia","family":"Naldini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3848-981X","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Vincenza","family":"Gianfredi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Morena","family":"Malaspina","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Basilio","family":"Passamonti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3132-0061","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Fortunato","family":"Bianconi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"pone.0222396.ref001","volume-title":"GLOBOCAN 2012 v1. 0, Cancer Incidence and Mortality Worldwide: IARC CancerBase No. 11","author":"J Ferlay","year":"2015"},{"key":"pone.0222396.ref002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1490","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(13)61649-9","article-title":"Colorectal cancer","volume":"383","author":"H Brenner","year":"2014","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"pone.0222396.ref003","first-page":"108","article-title":"Cancer Prevention: Obstacles, Challenges, and the Road Ahead","author":"FL Meyskens","year":"2016","journal-title":"JNCI J Natl Cancer Inst"},{"key":"pone.0222396.ref004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"683","DOI":"10.1136\/gutjnl-2015-310912","article-title":"Global patterns and trends in colorectal cancer incidence and mortality","volume":"66","author":"M Arnold","year":"2017","journal-title":"Gut"},{"key":"pone.0222396.ref005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2709","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.30686","article-title":"Assessing global transitions in human development and colorectal cancer incidence","volume":"140","author":"MM Fidler","year":"2017","journal-title":"Int J Cancer"},{"key":"pone.0222396.ref006","first-page":"210","article-title":"Colorectal Cancer Screening: Tests, Strategies, and Perspectives","volume":"2","author":"F Stracci","year":"2014","journal-title":"Front Public Heal"},{"key":"pone.0222396.ref007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1296","DOI":"10.1158\/1055-9965.EPI-11-0250","article-title":"State Disparities in Colorectal Cancer Mortality Patterns in the United States","volume":"20","author":"D Naishadham","year":"2011","journal-title":"Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev"},{"key":"pone.0222396.ref008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1177\/0969141317704476","article-title":"Invitation coverage and participation in Italian cervical, breast and colorectal cancer screening programmes","volume":"25","author":"P Giorgi Rossi","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Med Screen"},{"key":"pone.0222396.ref009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1158","DOI":"10.1136\/gutjnl-2014-308081","article-title":"Optimising colorectal cancer screening acceptance: a review","volume":"64","author":"C Senore","year":"2015","journal-title":"Gut"},{"key":"pone.0222396.ref010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4872","DOI":"10.1002\/cncr.25215","article-title":"Data and trends in cancer screening in the United States","volume":"116","author":"J Swan","year":"2010","journal-title":"Cancer"},{"key":"pone.0222396.ref011","unstructured":"Lo screening colorettale | Osservatorio Nazionale Screening [Internet]. [cited 9 Jul 2018]. Available: https:\/\/www.osservatorionazionalescreening.it\/content\/lo-screening-colorettale"},{"key":"pone.0222396.ref012","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"784","DOI":"10.1136\/gutjnl-2014-307508","article-title":"Impact on colorectal cancer mortality of screening programmes based on the faecal immunochemical test","volume":"64","author":"M Zorzi","year":"2015","journal-title":"Gut"},{"key":"pone.0222396.ref013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1359","DOI":"10.1038\/ajg.2015.240","article-title":"Impact of Screening Program on Incidence of Colorectal Cancer: A Cohort Study in Italy","volume":"110","author":"P Giorgi Rossi","year":"2015","journal-title":"Am J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"pone.0222396.ref014","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2564","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2016.5989","article-title":"Screening for Colorectal Cancer: US Preventive Services Task Force Recommendation Statement","volume":"315","author":"K Bibbins-Domingo","year":"2016","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"pone.0222396.ref015","first-page":"SE65","article-title":"International Agency for Research on Cancer. European guidelines for quality assurance in colorectal cancer screening and diagnosis.\u2013First Edition Faecal occult blood testing","volume":"44","author":"S Halloran","year":"2012","journal-title":"Endoscopy"},{"key":"pone.0222396.ref016","unstructured":"Indicatori demografici [Internet]. [cited 6 Aug 2018]. Available: http:\/\/dati.istat.it\/Index.aspx?DataSetCode=DCIS_INDDEMOG1&Lang=it"},{"key":"pone.0222396.ref017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"543","DOI":"10.1186\/s12885-017-3512-1","article-title":"Reducing the socioeconomic gradient in uptake of the NHS bowel cancer screening Programme using a simplified supplementary information leaflet: a cluster-randomised trial","volume":"17","author":"SG Smith","year":"2017","journal-title":"BMC Cancer"},{"key":"pone.0222396.ref018","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1954","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.284.15.1954","article-title":"Cost-effectiveness of screening for colorectal cancer in the general population","volume":"284","author":"AL Frazier","year":"2000","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"pone.0222396.ref019","first-page":"167","article-title":"The Italian deprivation index at census block level: definition, description and association with general mortality","volume":"34","author":"N Caranci","year":"2010","journal-title":"Epidemiol Prev"},{"key":"pone.0222396.ref020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"341","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.publhealth.18.1.341","article-title":"Measuring Social Class in US Public Health Research: Concepts, Methodologies, and Guidelines","volume":"18","author":"N Krieger","year":"1997","journal-title":"Annu Rev Public Health"},{"key":"pone.0222396.ref021","article-title":"Information technology as tools for cancer registry and regional cancer network integration","volume":"42","author":"F Bianconi","year":"2012","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Syst Man, Cybern Part ASystems Humans"},{"key":"pone.0222396.ref022","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3257","DOI":"10.1002\/sim.7336","article-title":"Intermediate and advanced topics in multilevel logistic regression analysis","volume":"36","author":"PC Austin","year":"2017","journal-title":"Stat Med"},{"key":"pone.0222396.ref023","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"199","DOI":"10.1002\/wics.199","article-title":"The Bayesian information criterion: background, derivation, and applications","volume":"4","author":"AA Neath","year":"2012","journal-title":"Wiley Interdiscip Rev Comput Stat"},{"key":"pone.0222396.ref024","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"909","DOI":"10.1111\/j.0006-341X.2000.00909.x","article-title":"Interpreting parameters in the logistic regression model with random effects","volume":"56","author":"K Larsen","year":"2000","journal-title":"Biometrics"},{"key":"pone.0222396.ref025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"290","DOI":"10.1136\/jech.2004.029454","article-title":"A brief conceptual tutorial of multilevel analysis in social epidemiology: using measures of clustering in multilevel logistic regression to investigate contextual phenomena","volume":"60","author":"J Merlo","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Epidemiol Community Heal"},{"key":"pone.0222396.ref026","unstructured":"Stata Statistical Software: Release 14. In: StataCorp. [Internet]. 2015 [cited 31 Aug 2017]. Available: https:\/\/www.stata.com\/support\/faqs\/resources\/citing-software-documentation-faqs\/"},{"key":"pone.0222396.ref027","first-page":"1","article-title":"Interventions to increase uptake of faecal tests for colorectal cancer screening","volume":"27","author":"C Rat","year":"2017","journal-title":"Eur J Cancer Prev"},{"key":"pone.0222396.ref028","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"158","DOI":"10.1093\/eurpub\/ckv148","article-title":"Colorectal cancer screening participation: a systematic review","volume":"26","author":"A Wools","year":"2016","journal-title":"Eur J Public Health"},{"key":"pone.0222396.ref029","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"464","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2458-13-464","article-title":"Methods to increase participation in organised screening programs: a systematic review","volume":"13","author":"L Camilloni","year":"2013","journal-title":"BMC Public Health. BioMed Central"},{"key":"pone.0222396.ref030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1551","DOI":"10.1038\/bjc.2017.129","article-title":"GP participation in increasing uptake in a national bowel cancer screening programme: the PEARL project","volume":"116","author":"SC Benton","year":"2017","journal-title":"Br J Cancer"},{"key":"pone.0222396.ref031","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1371","DOI":"10.2217\/fon.09.134","article-title":"Uptake of colorectal cancer screening: system, provider and individual factors and strategies to improve participation","volume":"5","author":"E Power","year":"2009","journal-title":"Futur Oncol"},{"key":"pone.0222396.ref032","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"860","DOI":"10.1186\/s12885-017-3881-5","article-title":"Perceptions of colorectal cancer screening and recommendation behaviors among physicians in Korea","volume":"17","author":"HY Shin","year":"2017","journal-title":"BMC Cancer"},{"key":"pone.0222396.ref033","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"886","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pmedr.2015.09.003","article-title":"Colorectal cancer screening at community health centers: A survey of clinicians\u2019 attitudes, practices, and perceived barriers","volume":"2","author":"T Brown","year":"2015","journal-title":"Prev Med Reports"},{"key":"pone.0222396.ref034","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"272","DOI":"10.4321\/S1130-01082013000500005","article-title":"The attitudes of primary care providers towards screening for colorectal cancer","volume":"105","author":"J L\u00f3pez-Torres-Hidalgo","journal-title":"Rev Esp Enferm Dig"},{"key":"pone.0222396.ref035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1155\/2017\/1619747","article-title":"Primary Care Provider Perceptions of Colorectal Cancer Screening Barriers: Implications for Designing Quality Improvement Interventions","volume":"2017","author":"JM Weiss","year":"2017","journal-title":"Gastroenterol Res Pract"},{"key":"pone.0222396.ref036","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"417","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cdp.2007.08.004","article-title":"The effects of teamwork and system support on colorectal cancer screening in primary care practices","volume":"31","author":"S V Hudson","year":"2007","journal-title":"Cancer Detect Prev"},{"key":"pone.0222396.ref037","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"907","DOI":"10.1158\/1055-9965.EPI-15-0990","article-title":"Systematic Review and Meta-study Synthesis of Qualitative Studies Evaluating Facilitators and Barriers to Participation in Colorectal Cancer Screening","volume":"25","author":"GN Honein-AbouHaidar","year":"2016","journal-title":"Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev"},{"key":"pone.0222396.ref038","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1877","DOI":"10.1002\/cncr.31177","article-title":"Ethnic density and cancer: A review of the evidence","volume":"124","author":"CY Fang","year":"2018","journal-title":"Cancer"},{"key":"pone.0222396.ref039","unstructured":"I.STAT Resident foreigners\u2014Balance [Internet]. [cited 30 Jul 2019]. Available: http:\/\/dati.istat.it\/Index.aspx?lang=en&SubSessionId=3d9c8597-abbb-4776-b356-2d81f688a807"},{"key":"pone.0222396.ref040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"712","DOI":"10.1093\/ije\/dyr008","article-title":"Inequalities in participation in an organized national colorectal cancer screening programme: results from the first 2.6 million invitations in England","volume":"40","author":"C von Wagner","year":"2011","journal-title":"Int J Epidemiol"},{"key":"pone.0222396.ref041","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"318","DOI":"10.1136\/jech.2008.081117","article-title":"Socioeconomic determinants for compliance to colorectal cancer screening. A multilevel analysis","volume":"64","author":"C Pornet","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Epidemiol Community Heal"},{"key":"pone.0222396.ref042","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"587","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ypmed.2012.10.007","article-title":"How to increase uptake in oncologic screening: A systematic review of studies comparing population-based screening programs and spontaneous access","volume":"55","author":"E Ferroni","year":"2012","journal-title":"Prev Med"},{"key":"pone.0222396.ref043","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"321","DOI":"10.1038\/bjc.2015.413","article-title":"Impact of general practice endorsement on the social gradient in uptake in bowel cancer screening","volume":"114","author":"R Raine","year":"2016","journal-title":"Br J Cancer"},{"key":"pone.0222396.ref044","first-page":"1725","article-title":"Comparative Effectiveness of Fecal Immunochemical Test Outreach, Colonoscopy Outreach, and Usual Care for Boosting Colorectal Cancer Screening Among the Underserved","volume":"173","author":"S Gupta","year":"2013","journal-title":"JAMA Intern Med"},{"key":"pone.0222396.ref045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1065","DOI":"10.1007\/s10900-015-0032-2","article-title":"Rural\u2013Urban Differences in Colorectal Cancer Screening Barriers in Nebraska","volume":"40","author":"AG Hughes","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Community Health"},{"key":"pone.0222396.ref046","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"985","DOI":"10.1007\/s10552-014-0398-y","article-title":"Participation and detection rates by age and sex for colonoscopy versus fecal immunochemical testing in colorectal cancer screening","volume":"25","author":"D Salas","year":"2014","journal-title":"Cancer Causes Control"},{"key":"pone.0222396.ref047","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"828","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.bjc.6603628","article-title":"Gender differences in colorectal cancer: implications for age at initiation of screening","volume":"96","author":"H Brenner","year":"2007","journal-title":"Br J Cancer"},{"key":"pone.0222396.ref048","volume-title":"Les Rites de Passage; Etude Systematique des Rites de la Porte et du Seuil, de l\u2019Hospitalite de l\u2019Adoption, de la Grossesse et de l\u2019Accouchement de la Naissance","author":"A Van Gennep","year":"1909"},{"key":"pone.0222396.ref049","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"627","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ypmed.2003.09.016","article-title":"Colorectal cancer screening attitudes and behavior: a population-based study","volume":"37","author":"NK Janz","year":"2003","journal-title":"Prev Med"},{"key":"pone.0222396.ref050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"343","DOI":"10.1155\/2005\/359243","article-title":"Predictors of colorectal cancer screening: a comparison of men and women","volume":"19","author":"SE McGregor","year":"2005","journal-title":"Can J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"pone.0222396.ref051","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"324","DOI":"10.1093\/pubmed\/fdp070","article-title":"The complex interrelationship between ethnic and socio-economic inequalities in health","volume":"31","author":"K Stronks","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Public Health"}],"container-title":["PLOS ONE"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0222396","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,9]],"date-time":"2020-05-09T07:00:21Z","timestamp":1589007621000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0222396"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"Hajo","family":"Zeeb","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"editor"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,4]]},"references-count":51,"journal-issue":{"issue":"10","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,4]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0222396","relation":{},"ISSN":["1932-6203"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1932-6203","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,4]]}}}