{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,16]],"date-time":"2026-03-16T21:29:25Z","timestamp":1773696565714,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,11,4]],"date-time":"2019-11-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1572825600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosone.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS ONE"],"DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0224675","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,11,4]],"date-time":"2019-11-04T18:29:58Z","timestamp":1572892198000},"page":"e0224675","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Institutional differences in USMLE Step 1 and 2 CK performance: Cross-sectional study of 89 US allopathic medical schools"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3785-2154","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Jesse","family":"Burk-Rafel","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ricardo W.","family":"Pulido","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yousef","family":"Elfanagely","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Joseph C.","family":"Kolars","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,11,4]]},"reference":[{"issue":"21","key":"pone.0224675.ref001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2245","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2013.282328","article-title":"The evolution of the United States Medical Licensing Examination (USMLE): Enhancing assessment of practice-related competencies","volume":"310","author":"SA Haist","year":"2013","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"pone.0224675.ref002","unstructured":"US Medical Licensing Examination, 2019 Bulletin of Information. National Board of Medical Examiners. [cited 2018 Sep 15]. Available from: https:\/\/www.usmle.org\/pdfs\/bulletin\/2019bulletin.pdf."},{"key":"pone.0224675.ref003","unstructured":"US Medical Licensing Examination, 2018 Performance Data. National Board of Medical Examiners. [cited 2019 Jul 17]. Available from: https:\/\/www.usmle.org\/performance-data\/default.aspx#2018_step-1"},{"issue":"11","key":"pone.0224675.ref004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1212","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2010.1321","article-title":"Prematriculation variables associated with suboptimal outcomes for the 1994\u20131999 cohort of US medical school matriculants","volume":"304","author":"DA Andriole","year":"2010","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"pone.0224675.ref005","unstructured":"National Resident Matching Program, Data Release and Research Committee: Results of the 2018 NRMP Program Director Survey. National Resident Matching Program. Washington, DC. [cited 2018 Sep 15]. Available from: http:\/\/www.nrmp.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/NRMP-2018-Program-Director-Survey-for-WWW.pdf"},{"issue":"11","key":"pone.0224675.ref006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1193","DOI":"10.1001\/jamadermatol.2017.2924","article-title":"US Medical Licensing Examination Step 2 Clinical Knowledge score in dermatology resident selection","volume":"153","author":"KL Jayakumar","year":"2017","journal-title":"JAMA Dermatol"},{"issue":"9","key":"pone.0224675.ref007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"961","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2011.1099","article-title":"Factors associated with American Board of Medical Specialties member board certification among US medical school graduates","volume":"306","author":"DB Jeffe","year":"2011","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0224675.ref008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"100","DOI":"10.1097\/01.ACM.0000249878.25186.b7","article-title":"The predictive validity of the MCAT for medical school performance and medical board licensing examinations: A meta-analysis of the published research","volume":"82","author":"T Donnon","year":"2007","journal-title":"Acad Med"},{"issue":"10S","key":"pone.0224675.ref009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1097\/00001888-200210001-00005","article-title":"Undergraduate institutional MCAT scores as predictors of USMLE Step 1 performance","volume":"77","author":"WT Basco","year":"2002","journal-title":"Acad Med"},{"issue":"11S","key":"pone.0224675.ref010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"67","DOI":"10.1097\/ACM.0000000000001916","article-title":"Study behaviors and USMLE Step 1 performance: Implications of a student self-directed parallel curriculum","volume":"92","author":"J Burk-Rafel","year":"2017","journal-title":"Acad Med"},{"issue":"2","key":"pone.0224675.ref011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"104","DOI":"10.1080\/10401330801991915","article-title":"How much do differences in medical schools influence student performance? A longitudinal study employing hierarchical linear modeling","volume":"20","author":"K Hecker","year":"2008","journal-title":"Teach Learn Med"},{"issue":"6","key":"pone.0224675.ref012","first-page":"420","article-title":"Medical school curricula: Do curricular approaches affect competence in medicine?","volume":"41","author":"K Hecker","year":"2010","journal-title":"Fam Med"},{"key":"pone.0224675.ref013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"154","DOI":"10.1186\/s12909-019-1605-z","article-title":"Multivariable analysis of factors associated with USMLE scores across US medical schools","volume":"19","author":"A Ghaffari-Rafi","year":"2019","journal-title":"BMC Med Ed"},{"issue":"10","key":"pone.0224675.ref014","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e296","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.0040296","article-title":"The Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (STROBE) Statement: Guidelines for reporting observational studies","volume":"4","author":"E von Elm","year":"2007","journal-title":"PLOS Med"},{"key":"pone.0224675.ref015","unstructured":"Best Medical Schools: Research. US News and World Report. 2008\u20132016 editions, online and print. [cited 2018 Sep 15]. Available from: http:\/\/grad-schools.usnews.rankingsandreviews.com\/best-graduate-schools\/top-medical-schools\/research-rankings\/ Subscription required."},{"key":"pone.0224675.ref016","unstructured":"Medical School Admission Requirements. Association of American Medical Colleges. Washington (DC): 2008\u20132012 editions."},{"key":"pone.0224675.ref017","unstructured":"FACTS Table 17. Association of American Medical Colleges. 2013. [cited 2016 Nov 6] Available by request from: https:\/\/www.aamc.org\/data-reports\/students-residents\/report\/facts"},{"key":"pone.0224675.ref018","unstructured":"US Medical Licensing Examination, Performance Data. National Board of Medical Examiners. 2014\u20132016. Available from: https:\/\/www.usmle.org\/performance-data\/"},{"key":"pone.0224675.ref019","unstructured":"USMLE Score Interpretation Guidelines. 2015 ed. Available from: https:\/\/www.usmle.org\/pdfs\/transcripts\/USMLE_Step_Examination_Score_Interpretation_Guidelines.pdf"},{"key":"pone.0224675.ref020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"385","DOI":"10.1038\/nmeth.3854","article-title":"Regression diagnostics","volume":"13","author":"N Altman","year":"2016","journal-title":"Nat Meth"},{"issue":"8","key":"pone.0224675.ref021","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e72862","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0072862","article-title":"New insights into non-avian dinosaur reproduction and their evolutionary and ecological implications: Linking fossil evidence to allometries of extant close relatives","volume":"8","author":"J Werner","year":"2013","journal-title":"PLOS ONE"},{"issue":"3","key":"pone.0224675.ref022","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"486","DOI":"10.1097\/ACM.0000000000001861","article-title":"Class-wide access to a commercial Step 1 question bank during preclinical organ-based modules: a pilot project","volume":"93","author":"JH Banos","year":"2018","journal-title":"Acad Med"},{"issue":"11","key":"pone.0224675.ref023","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1515","DOI":"10.1097\/ACM.0000000000001714","article-title":"Why not wait? Eight institutions share their experiences moving United States Medical Licensing Examination Step 1 after core clinical clerkships","volume":"92","author":"M Daniel","year":"2017","journal-title":"Acad Med"},{"key":"pone.0224675.ref024","volume-title":"Results of the 2018 NRMP Program Director Survey","author":"National Resident Matching Program, Data Release and Research Committee","year":"2018"},{"key":"pone.0224675.ref025","unstructured":"Morse R, Martin E. Methodology: 2020 Best Medical Schools. Available from: https:\/\/www.usnews.com\/education\/best-graduate-schools\/articles\/medical-schools-methodology"},{"issue":"10 Suppl","key":"pone.0224675.ref026","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S64","DOI":"10.1097\/ACM.0b013e3181ed38fc","article-title":"Validity of four approaches of using repeaters' MCAT scores in medical school admissions to predict USMLE Step 1 total scores","volume":"85","author":"X Zhao","year":"2010","journal-title":"Acad Med"},{"issue":"3","key":"pone.0224675.ref027","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"371","DOI":"10.1097\/ACM.0000000000002458","article-title":"Moving the United States Medical Licensing Examination Step 1 after core clerkships: An outcomes analysis","volume":"94","author":"D Jurich","year":"2019","journal-title":"Acad Med"}],"container-title":["PLOS ONE"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0224675","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,9]],"date-time":"2020-05-09T05:47:31Z","timestamp":1589003251000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0224675"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"Andrew Carl","family":"Miller","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"editor","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,11,4]]},"references-count":27,"journal-issue":{"issue":"11","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,11,4]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0224675","relation":{},"ISSN":["1932-6203"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1932-6203","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,11,4]]}}}