{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,27]],"date-time":"2026-10-27T17:16:53Z","timestamp":1793121413276,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":137,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,10]],"date-time":"2020-01-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1578614400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"No funding source for this review"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosone.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS ONE"],"DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0227323","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,10]],"date-time":"2020-01-10T18:51:53Z","timestamp":1578682313000},"page":"e0227323","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":190,"title":["Antenatal depression and its association with adverse birth outcomes in low and middle-income countries: A systematic review and meta-analysis"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"15","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9967-7713","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Abel","family":"Fekadu Dadi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6373-5720","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Emma R.","family":"Miller","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lillian","family":"Mwanri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"pone.0227323.ref001","unstructured":"WHO. Depression and other common mental disorders: global health estimates. World Health Organization; 2017."},{"issue":"10053","key":"pone.0227323.ref002","first-page":"1459","volume":"388","author":"H Wang","year":"2016","journal-title":"Global, regional, and national life expectancy, all-cause mortality, and cause-specific mortality for 249 causes of death, 1980\u20132015: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2015"},{"issue":"10053","key":"pone.0227323.ref003","first-page":"1545","volume":"388","author":"T Vos","year":"2016","journal-title":"Global, regional, and national incidence, prevalence, and years lived with disability for 310 diseases and injuries, 1990\u20132015: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2015"},{"issue":"388","key":"pone.0227323.ref004","first-page":"1459","article-title":"Global, regional, and national life expectancy, all-cause mortality, and cause-specific mortality for 249 causes of death, 1980\u20132015: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2015","volume":"2015","author":"GBD","journal-title":"The lancet"},{"key":"pone.0227323.ref005","first-page":"1192","article-title":"Level of awareness and treatment of anxiety and depression during pregnancy in southeast Nigeria","volume":"24","author":"EM Sunday","year":"2018","journal-title":"S Afr J Psychiatr"},{"issue":"9","key":"pone.0227323.ref006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1780","DOI":"10.1007\/s10995-016-1989-x","article-title":"Racial\/Ethnic Disparities in Antenatal Depression in the United States: A Systematic Review","volume":"20","author":"S Mukherjee","year":"2016","journal-title":"Maternal & Child Health Journal"},{"issue":"6","key":"pone.0227323.ref007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"443","DOI":"10.1016\/j.encep.2010.02.004","article-title":"Antepartum depression: prevalence, diagnosis and treatment","volume":"36","author":"O Chatillon","year":"2010","journal-title":"Encephale"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0227323.ref008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"20","DOI":"10.1111\/1471-0528.14180","article-title":"Psychological morbidity associated with hyperemesis gravidarum: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"124","author":"N Mitchell-Jones","year":"2017","journal-title":"BJOG: An International Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology"},{"key":"pone.0227323.ref009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"62","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2015.11.014","article-title":"Identifying the women at risk of antenatal anxiety and depression: A systematic review","volume":"191","author":"A Biaggi","year":"2016","journal-title":"Journal of Affective Disorders"},{"issue":"10","key":"pone.0227323.ref010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"973","DOI":"10.1016\/S2215-0366(16)30284-X","article-title":"Epidemiology of maternal depression, risk factors, and child outcomes in low-income and middle-income countries","volume":"3","author":"B Gelaye","year":"2016","journal-title":"The Lancet Psychiatry"},{"key":"pone.0227323.ref011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"86","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2017.05.003","article-title":"A systematic review and meta-regression of the prevalence and incidence of perinatal depression","volume":"219","author":"CA Woody","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Affect Disord"},{"key":"pone.0227323.ref012","article-title":"Consequences of maternal postpartum depression: A systematic review of maternal and infant outcomes","volume":"15","author":"J Slomian","year":"2019","journal-title":"Womens Health (Lond)"},{"issue":"7","key":"pone.0227323.ref013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1355","DOI":"10.1007\/s10995-011-0900-z","article-title":"Health-related quality of life among pregnant women with and without depression in Hubei, China","volume":"16","author":"J Li","year":"2012","journal-title":"Matern Child Health J"},{"key":"pone.0227323.ref014","first-page":"148916","article-title":"Effects of Prenatal Stress on Structural Brain Development and Aging in Humans","volume":"1","author":"K Franke","year":"2017","journal-title":"bioRxiv"},{"issue":"5","key":"pone.0227323.ref015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2018-025644","article-title":"Cohort Profile: Perinatal depression and child socioemotional development; the Bachpan cohort study from rural Pakistan","volume":"9","author":"S Sikander","year":"2019","journal-title":"BMJ Open"},{"issue":"4","key":"pone.0227323.ref016","article-title":"Influences of prenatal and postnatal maternal depression on amygdala volume and microstructure in young children","volume":"7","author":"DJ Wen","year":"2017","journal-title":"Translational Psychiatry"},{"issue":"5","key":"pone.0227323.ref017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"331","DOI":"10.1097\/NNR.0000000000000117","article-title":"Duration of Maternal Stress and Depression","volume":"64","author":"G Latendresse","year":"2015","journal-title":"Nursing Research"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0227323.ref018","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.1016\/j.earlhumdev.2008.07.002","article-title":"Prenatal depression restricts fetal growth","volume":"85","author":"MA Diego","year":"2009","journal-title":"Early Human Development"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0227323.ref019","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"95","DOI":"10.1080\/00207450601042144","article-title":"Chronic prenatal depression and neonatal outcome","volume":"118","author":"T Field","year":"2008","journal-title":"International Journal of Neuroscience"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0227323.ref020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S344","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2015.10.692","article-title":"646: Antenatal depression in an urban population of pregnant adolescents and young adults may contribute to preterm birth","volume":"214","author":"E Stringer","year":"2016","journal-title":"American Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology"},{"issue":"6","key":"pone.0227323.ref021","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"475","DOI":"10.1007\/s00737-013-0371-x","article-title":"Elevated risk of adverse obstetric outcomes in pregnant women with depression","volume":"16","author":"DR Kim","year":"2013","journal-title":"Archives of Women's Mental Health"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0227323.ref022","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"56","DOI":"10.1007\/s10995-015-1801-3","article-title":"Preventive Effects on Birth Outcomes: Buffering Impact of Maternal Stress, Depression, and Anxiety","volume":"20","author":"ME Feinberg","year":"2016","journal-title":"Matern Child Health J"},{"issue":"11","key":"pone.0227323.ref023","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2014-004883","article-title":"Risk factors for and perinatal outcomes of major depression during pregnancy: a population-based analysis during 2002\u20132010 in Finland","volume":"4","author":"S Raisanen","year":"2014","journal-title":"BMJ Open"},{"issue":"8","key":"pone.0227323.ref024","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"919","DOI":"10.1016\/j.midw.2014.03.008","article-title":"The role of depressive symptoms in the pathway of demographic and psychosocial risks to preterm birth and small for gestational age","volume":"30","author":"C Quispel","year":"2014","journal-title":"Midwifery"},{"issue":"4","key":"pone.0227323.ref025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"942","DOI":"10.1007\/s10995-016-2195-6","article-title":"Depression during pregnancy and adverse birth outcomes among predominantly puerto rican women","volume":"21","author":"K Szegda","year":"2017","journal-title":"Maternal and child health journal"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0227323.ref026","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1016\/j.earlhumdev.2013.11.006","article-title":"Prenatal maternal depression is associated with low birth weight through shorter gestational age in term infants in Korea","volume":"90","author":"HY Chang","year":"2014","journal-title":"Early Human Development"},{"key":"pone.0227323.ref027","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"175","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyt.2014.00175","article-title":"Antenatal depression is not associated with low birth weight: A study from urban Pakistan","volume":"5","author":"N Husain","year":"2014","journal-title":"Frontiers in psychiatry"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0227323.ref028","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"64","DOI":"10.1186\/s12937-016-0184-7","article-title":"Effect of antenatal depression on maternal dietary intake and neonatal outcome: a prospective cohort","volume":"15","author":"A Saeed","year":"2016","journal-title":"Nutrition Journal"},{"issue":"17","key":"pone.0227323.ref029","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1605","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMcp1102730","article-title":"Depression during Pregnancy","volume":"365","author":"DE Stewart","year":"2011","journal-title":"New England Journal of Medicine"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0227323.ref030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"123","DOI":"10.1007\/s00737-016-0685-6","article-title":"Associated symptoms of depression: patterns of change during pregnancy","volume":"20","author":"RT Amiel Castro","year":"2017","journal-title":"Archives of Women's Mental Health"},{"issue":"2","key":"pone.0227323.ref031","first-page":"219","article-title":"Depression during pregnancy and low birth weight: a systematic literature review","volume":"26","author":"DM Araujo","year":"2010","journal-title":"Cad Saude Publica"},{"issue":"2","key":"pone.0227323.ref032","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"156","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-3156.2008.02198.x","article-title":"Impact of antenatal common mental disorders upon perinatal outcomes in Ethiopia: The P-MaMiE population-based cohort study","volume":"14","author":"C Hanlon","year":"2009","journal-title":"Tropical Medicine and International Health"},{"issue":"10","key":"pone.0227323.ref033","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"973","DOI":"10.1016\/S2215-0366(16)30284-X","article-title":"Epidemiology of maternal depression, risk factors, and child outcomes in low-income and middle-income countries","volume":"3","author":"B Gelaye","year":"2016","journal-title":"The lancet Psychiatry"},{"key":"pone.0227323.ref034","article-title":"A suggestion for quality assessment in systematic reviews of observational studies in nutritional epidemiology","volume":"38","author":"J-M Bae","year":"2016","journal-title":"Epidemiology and Health"},{"issue":"9","key":"pone.0227323.ref035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"603","DOI":"10.1007\/s10654-010-9491-z","article-title":"Critical evaluation of the Newcastle-Ottawa scale for the assessment of the quality of nonrandomized studies in meta-analyses","volume":"25","author":"A Stang","year":"2010","journal-title":"Eur J Epidemiol"},{"issue":"15","key":"pone.0227323.ref036","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2008","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.283.15.2008","article-title":"Meta-analysis of observational studies in epidemiology: a proposal for reporting. Meta-analysis Of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (MOOSE) group","volume":"283","author":"DF Stroup","year":"2000","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"issue":"7109","key":"pone.0227323.ref037","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"629","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.315.7109.629","article-title":"Bias in meta-analysis detected by a simple, graphical test","volume":"315","author":"M Egger","year":"1997","journal-title":"Bmj"},{"issue":"5","key":"pone.0227323.ref038","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"951","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2753.2008.00986.x","article-title":"Interpretation of tests of heterogeneity and bias in meta-analysis","volume":"14","author":"JP Loannidis","year":"2008","journal-title":"Journal of evaluation in clinical practice"},{"issue":"2","key":"pone.0227323.ref039","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"455","DOI":"10.1111\/j.0006-341X.2000.00455.x","article-title":"Trim and fill: A simple funnel-plot-based method of testing and adjusting for publication bias in meta-analysis","volume":"56","author":"S Duval","year":"2000","journal-title":"Biometrics"},{"issue":"3","key":"pone.0227323.ref040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"271","DOI":"10.1080\/00401706.1988.10488400","article-title":"Graphical display of estimates having differing standard errors","volume":"30","author":"RF Galbraith","year":"1988","journal-title":"Technometrics"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0227323.ref041","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.1258\/1355819021927674","article-title":"Statistical heterogeneity in systematic reviews of clinical trials: a critical appraisal of guidelines and practice","volume":"7","author":"J Higgins","year":"2002","journal-title":"Journal of health services research & policy"},{"issue":"7584","key":"pone.0227323.ref042","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"94","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.39057.406644.68","article-title":"What is heterogeneity and is it important?","volume":"334","author":"J Fletcher","year":"2007","journal-title":"BMJ: British Medical Journal"},{"key":"pone.0227323.ref043","unstructured":"Stata A. Stata Base Reference Manual Release 14. 2015."},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0227323.ref044","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1002\/da.20221","article-title":"Prevalence and correlates of depression in late pregnancy among Nigerian women","volume":"24","author":"AO Adewuya","year":"2007","journal-title":"Depression & Anxiety"},{"key":"pone.0227323.ref045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1080\/01443610801912352","article-title":"Antepartum anxiety and depressive symptoms: a study of Nigerian women during the three trimesters of pregnancy","volume":"28","author":"O Esimai","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Obstet Gynaecol"},{"issue":"5","key":"pone.0227323.ref046","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"351","DOI":"10.1007\/s00737-009-0080-7","article-title":"Antenatal depression and suicidal ideation among rural Bangladeshi women: a community-based study","volume":"12","author":"K Gausia","year":"2009","journal-title":"Archives of Women's Mental Health"},{"issue":"4","key":"pone.0227323.ref047","first-page":"310","article-title":"Major depression in pregnant women served by the National Materno-Perinatal Institute in Lima, Peru","volume":"26","author":"ML Luna Matos","year":"2009","journal-title":"Pan American Journal of Public Health"},{"issue":"3","key":"pone.0227323.ref048","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"747","DOI":"10.1016\/j.adolescence.2008.12.001","article-title":"Brief report: Prevalence of psychiatric disorders in pregnant teenagers","volume":"32","author":"SS Mitsuhiro","year":"2009","journal-title":"Journal of Adolescence"},{"issue":"12","key":"pone.0227323.ref049","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2725","DOI":"10.1590\/S0102-311X2009001200019","article-title":"Depression during pregnancy: prevalence and risk factors among women attending a public health clinic in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil","volume":"25","author":"PK Pereira","year":"2009","journal-title":"Cadernos de Saude Publica"},{"issue":"3","key":"pone.0227323.ref050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"254","DOI":"10.1016\/j.genhosppsych.2009.02.002","article-title":"Detecting depression during pregnancy and associated lifestyle practices and concerns among women in a hospital-based obstetric clinic in Jamaica","volume":"31","author":"AM Pottinger","year":"2009","journal-title":"General Hospital Psychiatry"},{"issue":"4","key":"pone.0227323.ref051","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"485","DOI":"10.1007\/s10995-009-0459-0","article-title":"Prevalence and Correlates of Depression in Pregnancy Among Turkish Women","volume":"14","author":"Z Golbasi","year":"2010","journal-title":"Maternal and Child Health Journal"},{"issue":"2","key":"pone.0227323.ref052","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"139","DOI":"10.1590\/S1516-44462010000200008","article-title":"Depression during pregnancy in the Brazilian public health care system","volume":"32","author":"RA Silva","year":"2010","journal-title":"Brazilian Journal of Psychiatry"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0227323.ref053","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.4314\/thrb.v12i1.56276","article-title":"Socio-economic and partner relationship factors associated with antenatal depressive morbidity among pregnant women in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania","volume":"12","author":"SF Kaaya","year":"2010","journal-title":"Tanzania journal of health research"},{"issue":"6","key":"pone.0227323.ref054","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.midw.2010.10.008","article-title":"Prevalence and factors associated with the development of antenatal and postnatal depression among Jordanian women","volume":"27","author":"KI Mohammad","year":"2011","journal-title":"Midwifery"},{"key":"pone.0227323.ref055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"22","DOI":"10.1186\/1472-6874-11-22","article-title":"Prevalence and associated factors of depressive and anxiety symptoms during pregnancy: a population based study in rural Bangladesh","volume":"11","author":"HE Nasreen","year":"2011","journal-title":"BMC Womens Health"},{"issue":"8","key":"pone.0227323.ref056","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1416","DOI":"10.1007\/s10995-010-0699-z","article-title":"Antenatal Depressive Symptomatology, Family Conflict and Social Support Among Chengdu Chinese Women","volume":"15","author":"Y Lau","year":"2011","journal-title":"Maternal & Child Health Journal"},{"key":"pone.0227323.ref057","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-244X-11-48","article-title":"Social support and antenatal depression in extended and nuclear family environments in Turkey: a cross-sectional survey","volume":"11","author":"V Senturk","year":"2011","journal-title":"BMC Psychiatry"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0227323.ref058","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"295","DOI":"10.5209\/rev_SJOP.2012.v15.n1.37336","article-title":"Coping style and depressive symptomatology during pregnancy in a private setting sample","volume":"15","author":"A Faisal-Cury","year":"2012","journal-title":"The Spanish journal of psychology"},{"issue":"3","key":"pone.0227323.ref059","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1204","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2011.11.023","article-title":"The prevalence of perinatal depression and its associated factors in two different settings in Brazil","volume":"136","author":"EF Melo","year":"2012","journal-title":"Journal of Affective Disorders"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0227323.ref060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1186\/1742-4755-8-9","article-title":"Depressed mood in pregnancy: Prevalence and correlates in two Cape Town peri-urban settlements","volume":"8","author":"M Hartley","year":"2011","journal-title":"Reproductive Health"},{"issue":"1\u20133","key":"pone.0227323.ref061","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"362","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2011.08.011","article-title":"The prevalence and clinical presentation of antenatal depression in rural South Africa","volume":"135","author":"TJ Rochat","year":"2011","journal-title":"Journal of Affective Disorders"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0227323.ref062","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.4103\/0972-6748.123615","article-title":"Depression during pregnancy: Prevalence and obstetric risk factors among pregnant women attending a tertiary care hospital in Navi Mumbai","volume":"22","author":"S Ajinkya","year":"2013","journal-title":"Industrial Psychiatry Journal"},{"issue":"2","key":"pone.0227323.ref063","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"213","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2012.09.007","article-title":"Prevalence and risk factors for symptoms of common mental disorders in early and late pregnancy in Vietnamese women: A prospective population-based study","volume":"146","author":"J Fisher","year":"2013","journal-title":"Journal of Affective Disorders"},{"issue":"2","key":"pone.0227323.ref064","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"143","DOI":"10.1590\/S1516-44462012000200005","article-title":"Sociodemographic risk factors of perinatal depression: a cohort study in the public health care system","volume":"34","author":"R Silva","year":"2012","journal-title":"Revista Brasileira de Psiquiatria"},{"issue":"5","key":"pone.0227323.ref065","first-page":"431","article-title":"Intimate partner violence and depressive symptoms in pregnant Mexican women: national survey results","volume":"66","author":"MA Lara","year":"2014","journal-title":"Revista de investigacion clinica; organo del Hospital de Enfermedades de la Nutricion"},{"key":"pone.0227323.ref066","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.7196\/SAMJ.6009","article-title":"Antenatal depression and its risk factors: an urban prevalence study in KwaZulu-Natal","volume":"102","author":"L Manikkam","year":"2012","journal-title":"S Afr Med J"},{"key":"pone.0227323.ref067","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1111\/appy.12036","article-title":"Risk factors for depression and anxiety among pregnant women in Hospital Tuanku Bainun, Ipoh, Malaysia","volume":"5","author":"A Fadzil","year":"2013","journal-title":"Asia-Pacific Psychiatry"},{"issue":"4","key":"pone.0227323.ref068","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"354","DOI":"10.1016\/j.genhosppsych.2013.02.009","article-title":"The association of psychosocial factors and obstetric history with depression in pregnant women: Focus on the role of emotional support","volume":"35","author":"H-G Jeong","year":"2013","journal-title":"General Hospital Psychiatry"},{"issue":"11","key":"pone.0227323.ref069","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0080711","article-title":"No association between antenatal common mental disorders in low-obstetric risk women and adverse birth outcomes in their offspring: results from the CDS study in Ghana and Cote D'Ivoire","volume":"8","author":"C Bindt","year":"2013","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"pone.0227323.ref070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2393-13-135","article-title":"The association of unwanted pregnancy and social support with depressive symptoms in pregnancy: evidence from rural Southwestern Ethiopia","volume":"13","author":"Y Dibaba","year":"2013","journal-title":"BMC pregnancy and childbirth"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0227323.ref071","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"90","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aogh.2015.02.709","article-title":"Prevalence and factors associated with antenatal depression among women following antenatal care at Shashemane health facilities, South Ethiopia","volume":"81","author":"W Assefa Gemta","year":"2015","journal-title":"Annals of Global Health"},{"issue":"9","key":"pone.0227323.ref072","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1394","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/kwt142","article-title":"Association of antepartum and postpartum depression in Ghanaian and Ivorian women with febrile illness in their offspring: a prospective birth cohort study","volume":"178","author":"N Guo","year":"2013","journal-title":"Am J Epidemiol"},{"issue":"6","key":"pone.0227323.ref073","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"528","DOI":"10.1177\/0020764013511067","article-title":"Frequency of perinatal depression in Serbia and associated risk factors","volume":"60","author":"BK Dmitrovic","year":"2013","journal-title":"International Journal of Social Psychiatry"},{"issue":"2","key":"pone.0227323.ref074","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"200","DOI":"10.1080\/07399332.2013.817411","article-title":"Predictors of Antenatal Depression Among Jordanian Pregnant Women in Their Third Trimester","volume":"35","author":"SK Abujilban","year":"2014","journal-title":"Health Care for Women International"},{"issue":"9","key":"pone.0227323.ref075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.5812\/ircmj.16640","article-title":"Factors Affecting Depression During Pregnancy and the Correlation Between Social Support and Pregnancy Depression","volume":"17","author":"S Aktas","year":"2015","journal-title":"Iranian Red Crescent Medical Journal"},{"issue":"2","key":"pone.0227323.ref076","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"145","DOI":"10.1007\/s00737-013-0387-2","article-title":"A cross-sectional study of antenatal depression and associated factors in Malawi","volume":"17","author":"RC Stewart","year":"2014","journal-title":"Archives of Women's Mental Health"},{"key":"pone.0227323.ref077","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2014.04.009","article-title":"Prevalence and determinants of antenatal depression among pregnant women in a predominantly rural population in Ghana: The DON population-based study","volume":"165","author":"B Weobong","year":"2014","journal-title":"Journal of Affective Disorders"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0227323.ref078","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0116510","article-title":"Psychosocial factors of antenatal anxiety and depression in Pakistan: is social support a mediator?","volume":"10","author":"A Waqas","year":"2015","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"issue":"3","key":"pone.0227323.ref079","article-title":"Association of childhood physical and sexual abuse with intimate partner violence, poor general health and depressive symptoms among pregnant women","volume":"10","author":"YV Barrios","year":"2015","journal-title":"Erratum appears in PLoS One"},{"issue":"9\u201310","key":"pone.0227323.ref080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1289","DOI":"10.1111\/jocn.12728","article-title":"Depressive disorder in pregnant Latin women: Does intimate partner violence matter?","volume":"24","author":"M De Oliveira Fonseca-Machado","year":"2015","journal-title":"Journal of Clinical Nursing"},{"issue":"3","key":"pone.0227323.ref081","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101","DOI":"10.1097\/01.EPX.0000471670.64665.8f","article-title":"Screening for antepartum anxiety and depression and their association with domestic violence among Egyptian pregnant women","volume":"90","author":"R Abdelhai","year":"2015","journal-title":"Journal of the Egyptian Public Health Association"},{"issue":"3","key":"pone.0227323.ref082","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"261","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijgo.2015.04.032","article-title":"The prevalence of mental health morbidity and its associated factors among women attending a prenatal clinic in Tanzania","volume":"130","author":"B Mahenge","year":"2015","journal-title":"International journal of gynaecology and obstetrics: the official organ of the International Federation of Gynaecology and Obstetrics"},{"key":"pone.0227323.ref083","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"68","DOI":"10.1186\/s12905-015-0225-y","article-title":"Antenatal depression is associated with pregnancy-related anxiety, partner relations, and wealth in women in Northern Tanzania: a cross-sectional study","volume":"15","author":"M Rwakarema","year":"2015","journal-title":"BMC Women's Health"},{"key":"pone.0227323.ref084","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"121","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2016.05.052","article-title":"Antenatal depression and adversity in urban South Africa","volume":"203","author":"TV Heyningen","year":"2016","journal-title":"Journal of Affective Disorders"},{"key":"pone.0227323.ref085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"99","DOI":"10.1186\/s12978-015-0092-x","article-title":"Prevalence of antenatal depression and associated factors among pregnant women in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia: a cross-sectional study","volume":"12","author":"A Biratu","year":"2015","journal-title":"Reprod Health"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0227323.ref086","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.4103\/0253-7176.175101","article-title":"Antenatal Depression in a Tertiary Care Hospital","volume":"38","author":"AD Bavle","year":"2016","journal-title":"Indian Journal of Psychological Medicine"},{"issue":"2","key":"pone.0227323.ref087","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"141","DOI":"10.1177\/0020764015607919","article-title":"Antenatal depression in coastal South India: Prevalence and risk factors in the community","volume":"62","author":"C George","year":"2016","journal-title":"International Journal of Social Psychiatry"},{"issue":"2","key":"pone.0227323.ref088","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"148","DOI":"10.1177\/0020764015612119","article-title":"Relationships among depression during pregnancy, social support and health locus of control among Iranian pregnant women","volume":"62","author":"M Moshki","year":"2016","journal-title":"International Journal of Social Psychiatry"},{"issue":"6","key":"pone.0227323.ref089","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1119","DOI":"10.1007\/s00737-016-0664-y","article-title":"Association of physical activity and sedentary behavior with depression and anxiety symptoms during pregnancy in a multiethnic cohort of Asian women","volume":"19","author":"N Padmapriya","year":"2016","journal-title":"Archives of Women's Mental Health"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0227323.ref090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"36","DOI":"10.59566\/IJBS.2016.12036","article-title":"Unhappiness with the fetal gender is associated with depression in adult pregnant women attending prenatal care in a public hospital in Durango, Mexico","volume":"12","author":"C Alvarado-Esquivel","year":"2016","journal-title":"International Journal of Biomedical Science"},{"issue":"2","key":"pone.0227323.ref091","first-page":"342","article-title":"Depression in pregnancy. Prevalence and associated factors","volume":"34","author":"MM de Jesus Silva","year":"2016","journal-title":"Investigacion & Educacion en Enfermeria"},{"issue":"6","key":"pone.0227323.ref092","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"293","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0036-1585072","article-title":"Depressive symptoms in pregnancy: The influence of social, psychological and obstetric aspects","volume":"38","author":"EV de Moraes","year":"2016","journal-title":"Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetricia"},{"issue":"5","key":"pone.0227323.ref093","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"946","DOI":"10.1007\/s10900-016-0175-9","article-title":"Screening for Antepartum Depression Through Community Health Outreach in Swaziland","volume":"41","author":"M M\u00e5lqvist","year":"2016","journal-title":"Journal of Community Health"},{"key":"pone.0227323.ref094","article-title":"Prevalence of Antenatal Depression and Associated Risk Factors among Pregnant Women Attending Antenatal Clinics in Abeokuta North Local Government Area, Nigeria","author":"O Thompson","year":"2016","journal-title":"Depression Research and Treatment"},{"issue":"5","key":"pone.0227323.ref095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0155125","article-title":"Prevalence and Associated Factors of Antenatal Depression among Women Attending Antenatal Care Service at Gondar University Hospital, Northwest Ethiopia","volume":"11","author":"TA Ayele","year":"2016","journal-title":"PLOS ONE"},{"issue":"9","key":"pone.0227323.ref096","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0161108","article-title":"Prevalence and predictors of depression among pregnant women in debretabor town, northwest Ethiopia","volume":"11","author":"TA Bisetegn","year":"2016","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0227323.ref097","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"301","DOI":"10.1186\/s12884-016-1099-1","article-title":"Antenatal depressive symptoms and maternal health care utilisation: a population-based study of pregnant women in Ethiopia","volume":"16","author":"T Bitew","year":"2016","journal-title":"BMC Pregnancy & Childbirth"},{"key":"pone.0227323.ref098","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"195","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2016.11.020","article-title":"Poor sleep quality, antepartum depression and suicidal ideation among pregnant women","volume":"209","author":"B Gelaye","year":"2017","journal-title":"Journal of Affective Disorders"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0227323.ref099","first-page":"47","article-title":"[The occurrence and determinants of anxiety and depression symptoms in women of six counties\/ districts in China during pregnancy]","volume":"51","author":"HQ Hu","year":"2017","journal-title":"Chung-Hua Yu Fang i Hsueh Tsa Chih [Chinese Journal of Preventive Medicine]"},{"key":"pone.0227323.ref100","first-page":"09","article-title":"Association of gender disadvantage factors and gender preference with antenatal depression in women: a cross-sectional study from rural Maharashtra","volume":"09","author":"P Shidhaye","year":"2017","journal-title":"Social Psychiatry & Psychiatric Epidemiology"},{"key":"pone.0227323.ref101","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"140","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2016.11.031","article-title":"Antenatal depressive symptoms among pregnant women: Evidence from a Southern Brazilian population-based cohort study","volume":"209","author":"CD Coll","year":"2017","journal-title":"Journal of Affective Disorders"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0227323.ref102","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.4314\/ejhs.v27i1.8","article-title":"Prevalence of Antenatal Depressive Symptoms and Associated Factors among Pregnant Women in Maichew, North Ethiopia: An Institution Based Study","volume":"27","author":"TB Mossie","year":"2017","journal-title":"Ethiopian Journal of Health Sciences"},{"issue":"5","key":"pone.0227323.ref103","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"58","DOI":"10.5897\/IJNM2016.0239","article-title":"Prevalence and predictors of antenatal depressive symptoms among women attending Adama Hospital Antenatal Clinic, Adama, Ethiopia","volume":"9","author":"MA Sahile","year":"2017","journal-title":"International Journal of Nursing and Midwifery"},{"issue":"6","key":"pone.0227323.ref104","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"481","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0447.2006.00950.x","article-title":"Association between antenatal depression and low birthweight in a developing country","volume":"115","author":"A Rahman","year":"2007","journal-title":"Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica"},{"key":"pone.0227323.ref105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2458-10-515","article-title":"Low birth weight in offspring of women with depressive and anxiety symptoms during pregnancy: Results from a population based study in Bangladesh","volume":"10","author":"HE Nasreen","year":"2010","journal-title":"BMC Public Health"},{"issue":"6","key":"pone.0227323.ref106","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"687","DOI":"10.1111\/tmi.12101","article-title":"Symptoms of antenatal common mental disorders, preterm birth and low birthweight: a prospective cohort study in a semi-rural district of Vietnam","volume":"18","author":"M Niemi","year":"2013","journal-title":"Tropical Medicine & International Health"},{"issue":"1\u20132","key":"pone.0227323.ref107","first-page":"25","article-title":"Risk of spontaneous preterm birth in relation to maternal depressive, anxiety, and stress symptoms","volume":"58","author":"SE Sanchez","year":"2013","journal-title":"Journal of Reproductive Medicine"},{"issue":"2","key":"pone.0227323.ref108","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"225","DOI":"10.1007\/s00127-015-1167-2","article-title":"The impact of domestic violence and depressive symptoms on preterm birth in South India","volume":"51","author":"D Rao","year":"2016","journal-title":"Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology"},{"issue":"5","key":"pone.0227323.ref109","article-title":"Effects of maternal pregnancy intention, depressive symptoms and social support on risk of low birth weight: A prospective study from Southwestern Ethiopia","volume":"9","author":"YD Wado","year":"2014","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"key":"pone.0227323.ref110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Mathers C. The global burden of disease: 2004 update: World Health Organization; 2008.","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-012373960-5.00335-X"},{"issue":"11","key":"pone.0227323.ref111","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e442","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.0030442","article-title":"Projections of Global Mortality and Burden of Disease from 2002 to 2030","volume":"3","author":"CD Mathers","year":"2006","journal-title":"PLoS medicine"},{"issue":"2","key":"pone.0227323.ref112","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"139","DOI":"10.2471\/BLT.11.091850","article-title":"Prevalence and determinants of common perinatal mental disorders in women in low- and lower-middle-income countries: a systematic review","volume":"90","author":"J Fisher","year":"2012","journal-title":"Bulletin of the World Health Organization"},{"issue":"4","key":"pone.0227323.ref113","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"539","DOI":"10.1007\/s00737-017-0738-5","article-title":"Different patterns of depressive symptoms during pregnancy","volume":"20","author":"SEM Truijens","year":"2017","journal-title":"Archives of Women's Mental Health"},{"issue":"4","key":"pone.0227323.ref114","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"385","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpsychores.2010.07.008","article-title":"Validation of the Edinburgh Depression Scale during pregnancy","volume":"70","author":"V Bergink","year":"2011","journal-title":"Journal of Psychosomatic Research"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0227323.ref115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1186\/s12888-017-1273-7","article-title":"A systematic review of screening instruments for depression for use in antenatal services in low resource settings","volume":"17","author":"G Chorwe-Sungani","year":"2017","journal-title":"BMC Psychiatry"},{"issue":"6","key":"pone.0227323.ref116","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"306","DOI":"10.1016\/S1607-551X(08)70157-8","article-title":"A Longitudinal Study of Nausea and Vomiting, Fatigue and Perceived Stress in, and Social Support for, Pregnant Women Through the Three Trimesters","volume":"24","author":"F-H Chou","journal-title":"The Kaohsiung Journal of Medical Sciences"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0227323.ref117","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"125","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psc.2009.10.004","article-title":"The genetics of major depression: Moving beyond the monoamine hypothesis","volume":"33","author":"SI Shyn","year":"2010","journal-title":"The Psychiatric clinics of North America"},{"issue":"5","key":"pone.0227323.ref118","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"711","DOI":"10.1007\/s00737-016-0629-1","article-title":"A review of longitudinal studies on antenatal and postnatal depression","volume":"19","author":"L Underwood","year":"2016","journal-title":"Archives of Women's Mental Health"},{"issue":"2","key":"pone.0227323.ref119","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"179","DOI":"10.5372\/1905-7415.0502.024","article-title":"Perinatal depression in Asian women: Prevalence, associated factors, and cultural aspects","volume":"5","author":"C Roomruangwong","year":"2011","journal-title":"Asian Biomedicine"},{"issue":"9","key":"pone.0227323.ref120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"468","DOI":"10.1007\/s11920-014-0468-6","article-title":"Perinatal Depression: An Update and Overview","volume":"16","author":"K Stuart-Parrigon","year":"2014","journal-title":"Current Psychiatry Reports"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0227323.ref121","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1111\/mcn.12235","article-title":"The role of diet and nutritional supplementation in perinatal depression: a systematic review","volume":"13","author":"TM Sparling","year":"2017","journal-title":"Maternal & Child Nutrition"},{"issue":"2","key":"pone.0227323.ref122","first-page":"127","article-title":"Nutritional interventions in depression and perinatal depression","volume":"86","author":"K Rechenberg","year":"2013","journal-title":"The Yale journal of biology and medicine"},{"issue":"5","key":"pone.0227323.ref123","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"747","DOI":"10.1037\/0033-2909.133.5.747","article-title":"Vitamins, minerals, and mood","volume":"133","author":"BJ Kaplan","year":"2007","journal-title":"Psychological bulletin"},{"issue":"10","key":"pone.0227323.ref124","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1581","DOI":"10.1007\/s00127-011-0464-7","article-title":"A UK population-based study of the relationship between mental disorder and victimisation","volume":"47","author":"C Hart","year":"2012","journal-title":"Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol"},{"issue":"6","key":"pone.0227323.ref125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"993","DOI":"10.1176\/ajp.2006.163.6.993","article-title":"Sticks, stones, and hurtful words: relative effects of various forms of childhood maltreatment","volume":"163","author":"MH Teicher","year":"2006","journal-title":"Am J Psychiatry"},{"issue":"3","key":"pone.0227323.ref126","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"241","DOI":"10.1111\/jcpp.12507","article-title":"Annual Research Review: Enduring neurobiological effects of childhood abuse and neglect","volume":"57","author":"MH Teicher","year":"2016","journal-title":"Journal of child psychology and psychiatry, and allied disciplines"},{"key":"pone.0227323.ref127","unstructured":"World Helath Organization. Global and regional estimates of violence against women: prevalence and health effects of intimate partner violence and nonpartner sexual violence. 2013."},{"issue":"6","key":"pone.0227323.ref128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1306","DOI":"10.1007\/s10995-014-1637-2","article-title":"Prenatal Depression and Adverse Birth Outcomes: An Updated Systematic Review","volume":"19","author":"EE Accortt","year":"2015","journal-title":"Maternal and Child Health Journal"},{"issue":"9","key":"pone.0227323.ref129","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"960","DOI":"10.3109\/14767058.2013.845157","article-title":"Depression during pregnancy: a risk factor for adverse neonatal outcomes? A critical review of the literature","volume":"27","author":"Kathleen Szegda","year":"2014","journal-title":"The Journal of Maternal-Fetal & Neonatal Medicine"},{"issue":"4","key":"pone.0227323.ref130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e321","DOI":"10.4088\/JCP.12r07968","article-title":"The impact of maternal depression during pregnancy on perinatal outcomes: A systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"74","author":"S Grigoriadis","year":"2013","journal-title":"Journal of Clinical Psychiatry"},{"key":"pone.0227323.ref131","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1001\/archgenpsychiatry.2010.111","article-title":"A meta-analysis of depression during pregnancy and the risk of preterm birth, low birth weight, and intrauterine growth restriction","volume":"67","author":"NK Grote","year":"2010","journal-title":"Arch Gen Psychiatry"},{"issue":"2\u20133","key":"pone.0227323.ref132","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"149","DOI":"10.1016\/S0167-0115(02)00102-7","article-title":"Behavioral perinatology: biobehavioral processes in human fetal development","volume":"108","author":"PD Wadhwa","year":"2002","journal-title":"Regulatory peptides"},{"issue":"3","key":"pone.0227323.ref133","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"351","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clp.2011.06.007","article-title":"The contribution of maternal stress to preterm birth: issues and considerations","volume":"38","author":"PD Wadhwa","year":"2011","journal-title":"Clin Perinatol"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0227323.ref134","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"196","DOI":"10.1186\/s12888-016-0892-8","article-title":"Treatment gap and help-seeking for postpartum depression in a rural African setting","volume":"16","author":"T Azale","year":"2016","journal-title":"BMC Psychiatry"},{"issue":"3","key":"pone.0227323.ref135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"277","DOI":"10.1080\/00016340600566121","article-title":"The relationship between psychosocial profile, health practices, and pregnancy outcomes","volume":"85","author":"Y Neggers","year":"2006","journal-title":"Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand"},{"issue":"2","key":"pone.0227323.ref136","first-page":"297","article-title":"Psychiatric and substance use disorders as risk factors for low birth weight and preterm delivery","volume":"100","author":"RH Kelly","year":"2002","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol"},{"issue":"2 Pt 1","key":"pone.0227323.ref137","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"331","DOI":"10.1097\/01.AOG.0000250535.97920.b5","article-title":"Chronic stress and low birth weight neonates in a low-income population of women","volume":"109","author":"AE Borders","year":"2007","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol"}],"container-title":["PLOS ONE"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0227323","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,24]],"date-time":"2023-09-24T23:48:49Z","timestamp":1695599329000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0227323"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"Animut","family":"Alebel","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"editor"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,10]]},"references-count":137,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,10]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0227323","relation":{},"ISSN":["1932-6203"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1932-6203","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,10]]}}}