{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,31]],"date-time":"2026-03-31T10:52:33Z","timestamp":1774954353762,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,13]],"date-time":"2020-01-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1578873600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosone.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS ONE"],"DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0227753","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,13]],"date-time":"2020-01-13T13:33:13Z","timestamp":1578922393000},"page":"e0227753","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":24,"title":["Morphological and functional characteristics of mitral annular calcification and their relationship to stroke"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Darae","family":"Kim","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6136-0136","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Chi Young","family":"Shim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Geu-Ru","family":"Hong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hyeonju","family":"Jeong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jong-Won","family":"Ha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"pone.0227753.ref001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"900","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM196211012671802","article-title":"Massive calcification of the mitral annulus. A clinicopathological study of fourteen cases","volume":"267","author":"D Korn","year":"1962","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"pone.0227753.ref002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"354","DOI":"10.1136\/jcp.23.4.354","article-title":"Pathological and clinical study of calcification of the mitral valve ring","volume":"23","author":"A Pomerance","year":"1970","journal-title":"J Clin Pathol"},{"key":"pone.0227753.ref003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"580","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-8703(46)90004-X","article-title":"Calcification of the mitral valve","volume":"31","author":"MH Fertman","year":"1946","journal-title":"Am Heart J"},{"key":"pone.0227753.ref004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1492","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.0000058168.26163.BC","article-title":"Mitral annular calcification predicts cardiovascular morbidity and mortality\u2014The Framingham Heart Study","volume":"107","author":"CS Fox","year":"2003","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"pone.0227753.ref005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"963","DOI":"10.1007\/s00330-010-1995-0","article-title":"The association of incidentally detected heart valve calcification with future cardiovascular events","volume":"21","author":"Grp PS","year":"2011","journal-title":"European Radiology"},{"key":"pone.0227753.ref006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"606","DOI":"10.1016\/j.atherosclerosis.2009.10.030","article-title":"Heart valve sclerosis predicts all-cause and cardiovascular mortality","volume":"209","author":"H Volzke","year":"2010","journal-title":"Atherosclerosis"},{"key":"pone.0227753.ref007","first-page":"E5","article-title":"Mitral annulus calcification is independently associated with all-cause mortality","volume":"18","author":"R Ramaraj","year":"2013","journal-title":"Experimental & Clinical Cardiology"},{"key":"pone.0227753.ref008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"161","DOI":"10.1136\/heart.89.2.161","article-title":"Mitral annular calcification: a marker of severe coronary artery disease in patients under 65 years old","volume":"89","author":"S Atar","year":"2003","journal-title":"Heart"},{"key":"pone.0227753.ref009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1171","DOI":"10.1016\/j.echo.2016.08.020","article-title":"Cardiac Calcifications on Echocardiography Are Associated with Mortality and Stroke","volume":"29","author":"ML Lu","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Am Soc Echocardiogr"},{"key":"pone.0227753.ref010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1051","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9149(01)01460-6","article-title":"M-mode echocardiographic predictors at six- to seven-year incidence of coronary heart disease, stroke, congestive heart failure, and mortality in an elderly cohort (the Cardiovascular Health Study)","volume":"87","author":"JM Gardin","year":"2001","journal-title":"American Journal of Cardiology"},{"key":"pone.0227753.ref011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2533","DOI":"10.1161\/01.STR.0000190005.09442.ad","article-title":"Mitral annular calcification, aortic valve sclerosis, and incident stroke in adults free of clinical cardiovascular disease: the Strong Heart Study","volume":"36","author":"JR Kizer","year":"2005","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"key":"pone.0227753.ref012","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"374","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199208063270602","article-title":"Mitral annular calcification and the risk of stroke in an elderly cohort","volume":"327","author":"EJ Benjamin","year":"1992","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"pone.0227753.ref013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"861","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.105.552844","article-title":"Mitral and aortic annular calcification are highly associated with systemic calcified atherosclerosis","volume":"113","author":"MA Allison","year":"2006","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"pone.0227753.ref014","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"451","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9150(99)00497-9","article-title":"Association between mitral annulus calcification and aortic atheroma: a prospective transesophageal echocardiographic study","volume":"152","author":"Y Adler","year":"2000","journal-title":"Atherosclerosis"},{"key":"pone.0227753.ref015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"358","DOI":"10.1093\/europace\/euu265","article-title":"Mitral annular calcification and incident atrial fibrillation in the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis","volume":"17","author":"WT O'Neal","year":"2015","journal-title":"Europace"},{"key":"pone.0227753.ref016","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"279","DOI":"10.1093\/ehjci\/jex093","article-title":"Mitral annular calcification progression and the risk of atrial fibrillation: results from MESA","volume":"19","author":"WT O'Neal","year":"2018","journal-title":"European Heart Journal-Cardiovascular Imaging"},{"key":"pone.0227753.ref017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"572","DOI":"10.1016\/j.echo.2017.01.016","article-title":"Mitral Annular Calcification as a Possible Nidus for Endocarditis: A Descriptive Series with Bacteriological Differences Noted","volume":"30","author":"GS Pressman","year":"2017","journal-title":"Journal of the American Society of Echocardiography"},{"key":"pone.0227753.ref018","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"617","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcmg.2008.07.006","article-title":"Impact of mitral annular calcification on cardiovascular events in a multiethnic community: the Northern Manhattan Study","volume":"1","author":"S Kohsaka","year":"2008","journal-title":"JACC Cardiovasc Imaging"},{"key":"pone.0227753.ref019","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-117-1-89","article-title":"Predictors of thromboembolism in atrial fibrillation","volume":"117","author":"S Vaziri","year":"1992","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"key":"pone.0227753.ref020","first-page":"113","article-title":"Cerebrovascular disease in the community: results of a WHO collaborative study","volume":"58","author":"K Aho","year":"1980","journal-title":"Bull World Health Organ"},{"key":"pone.0227753.ref021","first-page":"S14","article-title":"K\/DOQI clinical practice guidelines for chronic kidney disease: Evaluation, classification, and stratification\u2014Foreword","volume":"39","author":"G Eknoyan","year":"2002","journal-title":"American Journal of Kidney Diseases"},{"key":"pone.0227753.ref022","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.echo.2014.10.003","article-title":"Recommendations for cardiac chamber quantification by echocardiography in adults: an update from the American Society of Echocardiography and the European Association of Cardiovascular Imaging","volume":"28","author":"RM Lang","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Am Soc Echocardiogr"},{"key":"pone.0227753.ref023","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"277","DOI":"10.1016\/j.echo.2016.01.011","article-title":"Recommendations for the Evaluation of Left Ventricular Diastolic Function by Echocardiography: An Update from the American Society of Echocardiography and the European Association of Cardiovascular Imaging","volume":"29","author":"SF Nagueh","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Am Soc Echocardiogr"},{"key":"pone.0227753.ref024","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"828","DOI":"10.1016\/j.echo.2007.12.004","article-title":"The incidence and clinical course of caseous calcification of the mitral annulus: A prospective echocardiographic study","volume":"21","author":"G Deluca","year":"2008","journal-title":"Journal of the American Society of Echocardiography"},{"key":"pone.0227753.ref025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"825","DOI":"10.1067\/mje.2001.111877","article-title":"Caseous calcification of the mitral annulus: a neglected, unrecognized diagnosis","volume":"14","author":"D Harpaz","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Am Soc Echocardiogr"},{"key":"pone.0227753.ref026","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"103","DOI":"10.1093\/ejechocard\/jen179","article-title":"Non-rheumatic annular mitral stenosis: prevalence and characteristics","volume":"10","author":"MR Akram","year":"2009","journal-title":"Eur J Echocardiogr"},{"key":"pone.0227753.ref027","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"801","DOI":"10.1161\/01.STR.15.5.801","article-title":"Risk of stroke in patients with mitral annulus calcification","volume":"15","author":"AJ Furlan","year":"1984","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"key":"pone.0227753.ref028","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"291","DOI":"10.1016\/j.atherosclerosis.2003.12.018","article-title":"Mitral annular calcification is a predictor for incident atrial fibrillation","volume":"173","author":"CS Fox","year":"2004","journal-title":"Atherosclerosis"},{"key":"pone.0227753.ref029","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"124","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1540-8175.2007.00570.x","article-title":"Mitral annular calcification as a marker of complex aortic atheroma in patients with stroke of uncertain etiology","volume":"25","author":"R Pujadas","year":"2008","journal-title":"Echocardiography"},{"key":"pone.0227753.ref030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1833","DOI":"10.1161\/01.STR.29.9.1833","article-title":"Association between mitral annulus calcification and carotid atherosclerotic disease","volume":"29","author":"Y Adler","year":"1998","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"key":"pone.0227753.ref031","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1712","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9149(97)00233-6","article-title":"Possible association of thrombotic, nonbacterial vegetations of the mitral ring-mitral annular calcium and stroke","volume":"79","author":"JC Eicher","year":"1997","journal-title":"Am J Cardiol"},{"key":"pone.0227753.ref032","first-page":"411","article-title":"Calcification of the mitral annulus fibrosus with systemic embolization. A clinicopathologic study of 16 cases","volume":"111","author":"CS Lin","year":"1987","journal-title":"Arch Pathol Lab Med"},{"key":"pone.0227753.ref033","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e184","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejcts.2011.01.038","article-title":"Spontaneous fistulization of a caseous calcification of the mitral annulus: an exceptional cause of stroke","volume":"39","author":"B Chevalier","year":"2011","journal-title":"Eur J Cardiothorac Surg"},{"key":"pone.0227753.ref034","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"95","DOI":"10.1186\/1757-1626-2-95","article-title":"Mitral regurgitation due to caseous calcification of the mitral annulus: two case reports","volume":"2","author":"M Marci","year":"2009","journal-title":"Cases J"}],"container-title":["PLOS ONE"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0227753","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,13]],"date-time":"2020-01-13T13:33:22Z","timestamp":1578922402000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0227753"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"Giuseppe","family":"And\u00f2","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"editor","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,13]]},"references-count":34,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,13]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0227753","relation":{},"ISSN":["1932-6203"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1932-6203","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,13]]}}}