{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,14]],"date-time":"2026-07-14T17:46:27Z","timestamp":1784051187619,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":85,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,20]],"date-time":"2020-05-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1589932800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000308","name":"Carnegie Corporation of New York","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["B 8606.R02"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["B 8606.R02"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000308","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100004441","name":"Swedish International Development Cooperation Agency","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["54100113"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["54100113"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100004441","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"DELTAS Africa Initiative","award":["107768\/Z\/15\/Z"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["107768\/Z\/15\/Z"]}]},{"name":"Deutscher Akademischer Austauschdienst","award":["107768\/Z\/15\/Z"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["107768\/Z\/15\/Z"]}]},{"name":"Premier Medicaid International HMO","award":["001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["001"]}]},{"name":"Consortium for Advanced Research Training in Africa","award":["24-015"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["24-015"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosone.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS ONE"],"DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0232882","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,20]],"date-time":"2020-05-20T17:30:29Z","timestamp":1589995829000},"page":"e0232882","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Affording unavoidable emergency surgical care \u2013 The lived experiences and payment coping strategies of households in Ibadan metropolis, Southwestern Nigeria"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"15","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9610-1137","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Taiwo","family":"Obembe","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sharon","family":"Fonn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"pone.0232882.ref001","first-page":"1","article-title":"Internet of Things in Emergency Medical Care and Services.","author":"T Edoh","year":"2019","journal-title":"Medical Internet of Things(m-IoT)- Enabling Technologies and Emerging Applications."},{"key":"pone.0232882.ref002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e9","DOI":"10.1002\/bjs.9329","article-title":"Global disease burden of conditions requiring emergency surgery","volume":"101","author":"B Stewart","year":"2014","journal-title":"BJS"},{"key":"pone.0232882.ref003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"350","DOI":"10.1007\/s00268-014-2840-4","article-title":"Cesarean Section Surgical Site Infections in Sub-Saharan Africa: A Multi-Country Study from Medecins Sans Frontieres.","volume":"39","author":"K Chu","year":"2015","journal-title":"World J Surg."},{"key":"pone.0232882.ref004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"252","DOI":"10.1007\/s00268-013-2243-y","article-title":"Cost-effectiveness of Surgery in Low- and Middle-income Countries: A Systematic Review.","volume":"38","author":"CE Grimes","year":"2014","journal-title":"World J Surg"},{"key":"pone.0232882.ref005","first-page":"1","article-title":"Benchmarking Global Trauma Care: Defining the Unmet Need for Trauma Surgery in Ghana","volume":"9","author":"A Gyedu","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Surg Res"},{"key":"pone.0232882.ref006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.afjem.2011.05.007","article-title":"Africa should be taking responsibility for emergency medicine in Africa.","volume":"1","author":"SR Bruijns","year":"2011","journal-title":"African J Emerg Med."},{"issue":"2","key":"pone.0232882.ref007","first-page":"87","article-title":"Factors influencing the Choice of Healthcare providing facility among workers in a Local Government Secretariat in South Western Nigeria.","volume":"11","author":"OC Uchendu","year":"2013","journal-title":"Ann Ibd Pg Med"},{"issue":"2","key":"pone.0232882.ref008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"265","DOI":"10.1097\/TA.0000000000000911","article-title":"Cost of specific emergency general surgery diseases and factors associated with high-cost patients","volume":"80","author":"G Ogola","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Trauma Acute Care Surg"},{"key":"pone.0232882.ref009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"870","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2458-14-870","article-title":"The effect of out-of-pocket costs and financial rewards in a discrete choice experiment: an application to lifestyle programs.","volume":"14","author":"JOP Wanders","year":"2014","journal-title":"BMC Public Health."},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0232882.ref010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"252","DOI":"10.1007\/s00268-013-2243-y","article-title":"Cost-effectiveness of surgery in low- and middle-income countries: A systematic review","volume":"38","author":"CE Grimes","year":"2014","journal-title":"World J Surg"},{"issue":"876","key":"pone.0232882.ref011","first-page":"1","article-title":"Not being heard: barriers to high quality unplanned hospital care during young people\u2019s transition to adult services\u2013evidence from \u2018 this sickle cell life \u2018 research.","volume":"19","author":"A Renedo","year":"2019","journal-title":"BMC Heal Serv Reearch"},{"key":"pone.0232882.ref012","article-title":"\u201cActive health management\u201d can provide support for vulnerable patients. New model for the prevention of unplanned healthcare.","volume":"113","author":"G Edgren","year":"2016","journal-title":"Lakartidningen"},{"issue":"7","key":"pone.0232882.ref013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0220292","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0220292","article-title":"The influence of quality of work life on motivation and retention of local government tuberculosis control programme supervisors in South-eastern Nigeria.","volume":"14","author":"DC Ogbuabor","year":"2019","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"pone.0232882.ref014","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Perun P. Towards a sensible system for saving [Internet]. 2006. 1\u201323 p. Available from: https:\/\/ssrn.com\/abstract=981212","DOI":"10.2139\/ssrn.981212"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0232882.ref015","first-page":"46","article-title":"Waiting time for emergency abdominal surgery in Zaria, Nigeria.","volume":"10","author":"A Adamu","year":"2010","journal-title":"Afr Heal Sci."},{"issue":"4","key":"pone.0232882.ref016","first-page":"472","article-title":"Determinants of delay in care-seeking for febrile children in eastern Uganda.","volume":"14","author":"E Rutebemberwa","year":"2009"},{"issue":"6","key":"pone.0232882.ref017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0217262","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0217262","article-title":"Understanding the context of delays in seeking appropriate care for children with symptoms of severe malaria in Uganda.","volume":"14","author":"A Mpimbaza","year":"2019","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"pone.0232882.ref018","first-page":"1","article-title":"Factors Associated With Delayed Care-Seeking Among Pulmonary Tuberculosis Patients Federal Capital Territory, Nigeria, 2010","author":"O Biya","year":"2010","journal-title":"Tephinet"},{"issue":"4","key":"pone.0232882.ref019","first-page":"69","volume":"6","author":"SC Ekpemo","year":"2018","journal-title":"Challenges and Outcome of Neonatal Surgery at the Abia State University Teaching Hospital Aba Nigeria"},{"issue":"2","key":"pone.0232882.ref020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"159","DOI":"10.1007\/s10995-005-0037-z","article-title":"Maternal Health-Seeking Behavior and Associated Factors in a Rural Nigerian Community.","volume":"10","author":"KM Osubor","year":"2006","journal-title":"Matern Child Health J."},{"issue":"2","key":"pone.0232882.ref021","first-page":"28","article-title":"Emergency Non\u2013obstetric Abdominal Surgery in Pregnancy.","volume":"12","author":"OI Alatise","year":"2007","journal-title":"East Cent African J Surg"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0232882.ref022","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.1016\/S0001-4575(01)00092-6","article-title":"Economic consequences of injury and resulting family coping strategies in Ghana.","volume":"35","author":"CN Mock","year":"2003","journal-title":"Accid Anal Prev."},{"issue":"2","key":"pone.0232882.ref023","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.4314\/aas.v16i2.6","article-title":"Gaining Access to Major Elective Surgeries in a Public Tertiary Health Institution in Southeast Nigeria: Evaluating Household Payment Coping Strategies.","volume":"16","author":"II Nnabugwu","year":"2019","journal-title":"Ann African Surg."},{"issue":"10","key":"pone.0232882.ref024","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1368","DOI":"10.1111\/tmi.12546","article-title":"Household coping strategies for delivery and related healthcare cost: findings from rural Bangladesh","volume":"20","author":"ME Hoque","year":"2015","journal-title":"Trop Med Int Heal"},{"issue":"4","key":"pone.0232882.ref025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1056","DOI":"10.1377\/hlthaff.28.4.1056","article-title":"Borrowing and selling to pay for health care in low- and middle-income countries.","volume":"28","author":"ME Kruk","year":"2009","journal-title":"Health Aff."},{"issue":"179","key":"pone.0232882.ref026","first-page":"1","article-title":"Economic consequences of ill-health for households in northern rural India.","volume":"15","author":"M Quintussi","year":"2015","journal-title":"BMC Heal Serv Reearch."},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0232882.ref027","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1186\/s12914-015-0056-9","article-title":"Universal health coverage from multiple perspectives: a synthesis of conceptual literature and global debates.","volume":"15","author":"GA Abiiro","year":"2015","journal-title":"BMC Int Health Hum Rights"},{"issue":"12","key":"pone.0232882.ref028","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3177","DOI":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2005.11.047","article-title":"Social health insurance in a developing country: the case of the Philippines.","volume":"62","author":"K Obermann","year":"2006","journal-title":"Soc Sci Med."},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0232882.ref029","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"20","DOI":"10.1186\/1478-4505-11-20","article-title":"Promoting universal financial protection: constraints and enabling factors in scaling-up coverage with social health insurance in Nigeria.","volume":"11","author":"CA Onoka","year":"2013","journal-title":"Heal Res Policy Syst"},{"issue":"1421002","key":"pone.0232882.ref030","first-page":"1","article-title":"The community is just a small circle: citizen participation in the free maternal and child healthcare programme of Enugu State, Nigeria.","volume":"11","author":"DC Ogbuabor","year":"2018","journal-title":"Glob Health Action"},{"issue":"17","key":"pone.0232882.ref031","first-page":"1","article-title":"Aligning public financial management system and free healthcare policies: lessons from a free maternal and child healthcare programme in Nigeria.","volume":"9","author":"DC Ogbuabor","year":"2019","journal-title":"BMC Heal Econ Rev"},{"issue":"4","key":"pone.0232882.ref032","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"521","DOI":"10.1007\/s10198-017-0899-1","article-title":"Determinants of Catastrophic Health Expenditure in Nigeria.","volume":"19","author":"BS Aregbesola","year":"2018","journal-title":"Eur J Heal Econ."},{"key":"pone.0232882.ref033","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"i55","DOI":"10.1093\/heapol\/czs008","article-title":"Social solidarity and willingness to tolerate risk- and income-related cross-subsidies within health insurance: experiences from Ghana, Tanzania and South Africa.","volume":"27","author":"J Goudge","year":"2012","journal-title":"Health Policy Plan."},{"key":"pone.0232882.ref034","unstructured":"World Health Organization. World Health Statistics 2018 [Internet]. Monitoring health for the SDGs. Geneva. 2018 [cited 2019 May 13]. Available from: https:\/\/www.who.int\/gho\/publications\/world_health_statistics\/2018\/en\/"},{"key":"pone.0232882.ref035","unstructured":"NHIS. NHIS: National Health Insurance Scheme [Internet]. Easy Access to healthcare for all. 2018 [cited 2019 Feb 18]. Available from: https:\/\/www.nhis.gov.ng\/home\/"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0232882.ref036","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"20","DOI":"10.1186\/1475-9276-13-20","article-title":"Community-based health insurance programmes and the National Health Insurance Scheme of Nigeria: challenges to uptake and integration","volume":"13","author":"IA Odeyemi","year":"2014","journal-title":"Int J Equity Health"},{"issue":"4","key":"pone.0232882.ref037","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"175","DOI":"10.15171\/ijhpm.2014.39","article-title":"National health insurance scheme: how protected are households in Oyo State, Nigeria from catastrophic health expenditure?","volume":"2","author":"OS Ilesanmi","year":"2014","journal-title":"Int J Heal Policy Manag"},{"issue":"11","key":"pone.0232882.ref038","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1015","DOI":"10.15171\/ijhpm.2018.68","article-title":"Predictors of Enrolment in the National Health Insurance Scheme Among Women of Reproductive Age in Nigeria.","volume":"7","author":"BS Aregbeshola","year":"2018","journal-title":"Int J Heal Policy Manag."},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0232882.ref039","first-page":"46","article-title":"Poverty in Nigeria: Some Dimensions and Contributing Factors.","volume":"1","author":"C Ucha","year":"2010","journal-title":"Glob Major E-Journal."},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0232882.ref040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.9734\/JSRR\/2013\/2196","article-title":"Assessment of Rural Households Poverty in Nigeria: Evidence from Ogbomoso Agricultural Zone of Oyo State, Nigeria.","volume":"2","author":"S. O. Olawuyi","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Sci Res Reports."},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0232882.ref041","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"54","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2393-9-54","article-title":"Newborn care practices among slum dwellers in Dhaka, Bangladesh: a quantitative and qualitative exploratory study.","volume":"9","author":"AC Moran","year":"2009","journal-title":"BMC Pregnancy Childbirth."},{"key":"pone.0232882.ref042","first-page":"1","article-title":"UN-Habitat Global Activities Report\u2014Strengthening partnerships in support of the New Urban Agenda and the Sustainable Development Goals","author":"United Nations","year":"2017","journal-title":"United Nations Hum Settlements Program"},{"issue":"11","key":"pone.0232882.ref043","first-page":"1","article-title":"Urban Slums as Spatial Manifestations of Urbanization in Sub- Saharan Africa: A Case Study of Ajegunle Slum Settlement, Lagos, Nigeria.","volume":"2","author":"M Opeyemi","year":"2012","journal-title":"Dev Ctry Stud."},{"key":"pone.0232882.ref044","unstructured":"World Bank Group. Population living in slums (% of Urban population) [Internet]. UN Habitat. 2018 [cited 2018 Aug 30]. Available from: https:\/\/data.worldbank.org\/indicator\/EN.POP.SLUM.UR.ZS?view=chart"},{"issue":"9","key":"pone.0232882.ref045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.5812\/ircmj.30974","article-title":"Catastrophic Health Expenditure Among Iranian Rural and Urban Households, 2013\u20132014.","volume":"17","author":"H Ghiasvand","year":"2015","journal-title":"Iran Red Crescent Med J."},{"key":"pone.0232882.ref046","unstructured":"Shorenstein WH, Ghosh S, Policy H. Catastrophic Payments and Impoverishment Due to Out-of-Pocket Health Spending: The Effects of Recent Health Sector Reforms in India Asia Health Policy Program working paper # 15 Catastrophic Payments and Impoverishment Due to Out-of-Pocket Health Spendin. 2010;"},{"issue":"9","key":"pone.0232882.ref047","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"798","DOI":"10.15171\/ijhpm.2018.19","article-title":"Out-of-Pocket Payments, Catastrophic Health Expenditure and Poverty Among Households in Nigeria 2010.","volume":"7","author":"BS Aregbeshola","year":"2018","journal-title":"Int J Heal Policy Manag."},{"issue":"7","key":"pone.0232882.ref048","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e40811","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0040811","article-title":"Examining inequities in incidence of catastrophic health expenditures on different healthcare services and health facilities in Nigeria.","volume":"7","author":"O Onwujekwe","year":"2012","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"pone.0232882.ref049","unstructured":"Oyo. The Official Website of Oyo State [Internet]. The Pacesetter State. 2014 [cited 2016 Mar 12]. Available from: http:\/\/www.oyostate.gov.ng\/about-oyo-state\/"},{"key":"pone.0232882.ref050","volume-title":"Nigeria Demographic and Health Survey 2013","author":"National Population Commission (NPC) [Nigeria] and ICF International","year":"2014"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0232882.ref051","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"88","DOI":"10.29063\/ajrh2016\/v20i1.9","article-title":"Assessment of Emergency Obstetric Care Services in Ibadan-Ibarapa health zone, Oyo State, Nigeria.","volume":"20","author":"EA Bamgboye","year":"2016","journal-title":"Afr J Reprod Health."},{"key":"pone.0232882.ref052","unstructured":"Fourchard L. Urban Slum Reports: The case of Ibadan, Nigeria. Understanding Slums: Case Studies for the Global Report on Human Settlements. 2003. p. 1\u201327."},{"issue":"August","key":"pone.0232882.ref053","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"760","DOI":"10.2471\/BLT.13.126615","article-title":"Catastrophic household expenditure on health in Nepal:a cross- sectional survey.","volume":"92","author":"E Saito","year":"2014","journal-title":"Bull World Heal Organ"},{"issue":"28980","key":"pone.0232882.ref054","first-page":"1","article-title":"Maladaptive cognitions and physical health of the caregivers of dementia: An interpretative phenomenological analysis.","volume":"10","author":"S Ali","year":"2015","journal-title":"Int J Qual Stud Health Well-being"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0232882.ref055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"70","DOI":"10.1097\/JSM.0b013e318271c5e1","article-title":"The Perception of Injury Risk and Safety in Triathlon Competiton: An Exploratory Focus Group Study.","volume":"23","author":"C Gosling","year":"2013","journal-title":"Clin J Sport Med."},{"issue":"13","key":"pone.0232882.ref056","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1802","DOI":"10.1177\/1049732316654870","article-title":"Member Checking: A tool to enhance trustworthiness or merely a Nod to validation?","volume":"26","author":"L Birt","year":"2016","journal-title":"Qual Health Res."},{"key":"pone.0232882.ref057","unstructured":"Atlas.Ti. Atlas.ti Version 7.5.21 Gmbh, Cologne Germany. Atlas.ti Scientific Software Development. Cologne, Germany: GMBH; 2010."},{"issue":"2","key":"pone.0232882.ref058","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"237","DOI":"10.1177\/1098214005283748","article-title":"A General Inductive Approach for Analyzing Qualitative Evaluation Data.","volume":"27","author":"DR Thomas","year":"2006","journal-title":"Am J Eval."},{"issue":"117","key":"pone.0232882.ref059","article-title":"Using the framework method for the analysis of qualitative data in multi-disciplinary health research","volume":"13","author":"NK Gale","year":"2013","journal-title":"BMC Med Res Methodol"},{"issue":"04","key":"pone.0232882.ref060","first-page":"33","article-title":"Micrfinance and Poverty in Nigeria: A Critical Assessment.","volume":"02","author":"B Omonona","year":"2016","journal-title":"Aust J Bus Manag Reseaech"},{"issue":"2","key":"pone.0232882.ref061","first-page":"89","article-title":"Much Ado About Nothing: The Case of the Nigerian Microfinance Policy Measures, Institutions and Operations.","volume":"17","author":"B Iganiga","year":"2008","journal-title":"Jounal Soc Sci."},{"issue":"4","key":"pone.0232882.ref062","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.1300\/10911350802081592","article-title":"An Empirical Analysis of Microcredit Repayment in Southwestern Nigeria","volume":"16","author":"JTO Oke","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Hum Behav Soc Environ"},{"issue":"2","key":"pone.0232882.ref063","first-page":"41","article-title":"Determinants of demand for microcredit among the rural households in south-western states, Nigeria.","volume":"7","author":"OL Balogun","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Agric Soc Sci"},{"issue":"12","key":"pone.0232882.ref064","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2460","DOI":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2008.01.044","article-title":"Community-based health insurance and access to maternal health services: Evidence from three West African countries.","volume":"66","author":"V Smith K","year":"2008","journal-title":"Soc Sci Med."},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0232882.ref065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"96","DOI":"10.1016\/j.healthpol.2009.02.007","article-title":"Is community-based health insurance an equitable strategy for paying for healthcare? Experiences from southeast Nigeria.","volume":"92","author":"O Onwujekwe","year":"2009","journal-title":"Health Policy."},{"key":"pone.0232882.ref066","unstructured":"Arhin-Tenkorang D. Mobilizing resources for health: the case for user fees revisited. CID Working Paper Series. 2001. p. 1\u201321."},{"issue":"2","key":"pone.0232882.ref067","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e52","DOI":"10.1002\/bjs.10044","article-title":"Emergency general surgery in the geriatric patient","volume":"103","author":"KF Desserud","year":"2016","journal-title":"Br J Surg"},{"issue":"October","key":"pone.0232882.ref068","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1133","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-0528.2004.00240.x","article-title":"Informed consent for elective and emergency surgery: questionnaire study","volume":"111","author":"A Akkad","year":"2004","journal-title":"BJOG An Int J Obstet Gynaecol"},{"issue":"2","key":"pone.0232882.ref069","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"60","DOI":"10.1016\/j.afjem.2014.11.002","article-title":"Surgical outcomes for perforated peptic ulcer: A prospective case series at an academic hospital in Monrovia, Liberia.","volume":"5","author":"JF Moses","year":"2014","journal-title":"African J Emerg Med"},{"issue":"3","key":"pone.0232882.ref070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"207","DOI":"10.2471\/BLT.12.108969","article-title":"Emergency obstetric care in Mali: catastrophic spending and its impoverishing effects on households.","volume":"91","author":"C Arsenault","year":"2013","journal-title":"Bull World Heal Organ"},{"key":"pone.0232882.ref071","first-page":"23","article-title":"Overview of the costs of obstetric care and the economic and social consequences for households.","volume":"24","author":"J Borghi","year":"2008","journal-title":"Stud HSO&P."},{"issue":"3","key":"pone.0232882.ref072","first-page":"481","article-title":"Out-of-pocket payment for health services: Constraints and implications for government employees in Abakaliki, Ebonyi state, South East Nigeria.","volume":"11","author":"PG Oyibo","year":"2011","journal-title":"Afr Health Sci"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0232882.ref073","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"92","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-3156.2004.01348.x","article-title":"Socioeconomic constraints to effective management of Burkitt\u2019s lymphoma in south-eastern Nigeria","volume":"10","author":"MM Meremikwu","year":"2005","journal-title":"Trop Med Int Heal"},{"key":"pone.0232882.ref074","first-page":"1","article-title":"Hospital Detentions for Non-payment of Fees A Denial of Rights and Dignity.","author":"R Yates","year":"2017","journal-title":"Chatham House R Inst Int Aff."},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0232882.ref075","first-page":"1","article-title":"Sources of healthcare financing among surgical patients in a rural Niger Delta practice in Nigeria.","volume":"11","author":"PO Dienye","year":"2011","journal-title":"Rural Remote Health"},{"key":"pone.0232882.ref076","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"545","DOI":"10.2147\/CEOR.S86599","article-title":"The financial burden of sickle cell disease on households in Ekiti, Southwest Nigeria.","volume":"7","author":"OS Olatunya","year":"2015","journal-title":"Clin Outcomes Res."},{"key":"pone.0232882.ref077","first-page":"1","article-title":"Medical detentions: African poor forced to have sex to pay hospital bills.","author":"R Yates","year":"2018","journal-title":"Medical Brief\u2014Africa\u2019s Medical Digest A Focus, Public Health."},{"key":"pone.0232882.ref078","first-page":"1","article-title":"Preserving Medicare and Optimizing the Canadian Healthcare System.","author":"R Sumalinog","year":"2015","journal-title":"Canadian Federation of Medical Students (CFMS)."},{"key":"pone.0232882.ref079","article-title":"Incidence and Prevention of Elderly Persons Abuse in Nigeria","volume":"127","author":"AO Oyediran","journal-title":"J Sci Technol Math Educ"},{"issue":"4","key":"pone.0232882.ref080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1006","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhealeco.2008.02.007","article-title":"Moral hazard and the demand for health services: a matching estimator approach.","volume":"27","author":"PP Barros","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Health Econ."},{"issue":"4","key":"pone.0232882.ref081","first-page":"585","article-title":"Catastrophic health expenditure & coping strategies associated with acute coronary syndrome in Kerala, India","volume":"136","author":"M Daivadanam","year":"2012","journal-title":"Indian J Med Res"},{"key":"pone.0232882.ref082","first-page":"1","article-title":"Religious Space in the Nigerian Public Sphere: Its Burdens and Prospects.","author":"JK Ayantayo","year":"2008","journal-title":"CODESRIA - 12th General Assembly."},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0232882.ref083","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.1080\/1369801052000330333","article-title":"Nation, nationalism, and the rhetoric of praying for Nigeria in distress.","volume":"7","author":"O Oha","year":"2005","journal-title":"Int J Postcolonial Stud"},{"issue":"2","key":"pone.0232882.ref084","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"219","DOI":"10.1057\/gpp.2008.6","article-title":"Does National Health Insurance Promote Access to Quality Health Care? Evidence from Nigeria.","volume":"33","author":"A Ibiwoye","year":"2008","journal-title":"Geneva Pap Risk Insur Issues Pract."},{"key":"pone.0232882.ref085","article-title":"Patterns of Expenditure Qualitative Data","author":"TA Obembe","year":"2019","journal-title":"Figshare Dataset"}],"container-title":["PLOS ONE"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0232882","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,6]],"date-time":"2024-08-06T02:56:01Z","timestamp":1722912961000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0232882"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"Rosa Maria","family":"Urbanos Garrido","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"editor"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,20]]},"references-count":85,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,20]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0232882","relation":{},"ISSN":["1932-6203"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1932-6203","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,20]]}}}