{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,4]],"date-time":"2026-06-04T16:49:33Z","timestamp":1780591773934,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":77,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,10]],"date-time":"2020-07-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1594339200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosone.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS ONE"],"DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0234633","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,10]],"date-time":"2020-07-10T17:32:40Z","timestamp":1594402360000},"page":"e0234633","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["Prevalence and risk factors for asthma, rhinitis, eczema, and atopy among preschool children in an Andean city"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"15","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9373-3910","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Cristina","family":"Ochoa-Avil\u00e9s","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Diana","family":"Morillo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alejandro","family":"Rodriguez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Philip John","family":"Cooper","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Susana","family":"Andrade","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mar\u00eda","family":"Molina","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mayra","family":"Parra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrea","family":"Parra-Ullauri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Danilo","family":"Mej\u00eda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alejandra","family":"Neira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Claudia","family":"Rodas-Espinoza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ang\u00e9lica","family":"Ochoa-Avil\u00e9s","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"pone.0234633.ref001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2466-6-15","article-title":"Risk factors and immunological pathways for asthma and other allergic diseases in children: background and methodology of a longitudinal study in a large urban center in Northeastern Brazil (Salvador-SCAALA study)","volume":"6","author":"ML Barreto","year":"2006","journal-title":"BMC Pulm Med"},{"key":"pone.0234633.ref002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"898","DOI":"10.1136\/thoraxjnl-2015-207199","article-title":"Asthma in Latin America","author":"E Forno","year":"2015","journal-title":"Thorax"},{"key":"pone.0234633.ref003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1250","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.00157807","article-title":"International variation in prevalence of rhinitis and its relationship with sensitisation to perennial and seasonal allergens","volume":"32","author":"G Weinmayr","year":"2008","journal-title":"Eur Respir J"},{"issue":"Suppl 1","key":"pone.0234633.ref004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8","DOI":"10.1159\/000370220","article-title":"Atopic dermatitis: global epidemiology and risk factors","volume":"66","author":"S Nutten","year":"2015","journal-title":"Ann Nutr Metab"},{"key":"pone.0234633.ref005","first-page":"205","article-title":"Coca and Cooke on the classification of hypersensitiveness","volume":"111","author":"S Cohen","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Allergy Clin Immunol"},{"key":"pone.0234633.ref006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aller.2012.03.001","article-title":"The International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood (ISAAC) Phase Three: A global synthesis","author":"J Mallol","year":"2013","journal-title":"Allergologia et Immunopathologia"},{"key":"pone.0234633.ref007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"123","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1398-9995.2008.01884.x","article-title":"Global map of the prevalence of symptoms of rhinoconjunctivitis in children: The International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood (ISAAC) Phase Three","volume":"64","author":"N A\u00eft-Khaled","year":"2009","journal-title":"Allergy"},{"key":"pone.0234633.ref008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1225","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(97)07302-9","article-title":"Worldwide variation in prevalence of symptoms of asthma, allergic rhinoconjunctivitis, and atopic eczema: ISAAC","volume":"351","author":"R Beasley","year":"1998","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"pone.0234633.ref009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1316","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.201401-0186PP","article-title":"Asthma in Hispanics. An 8-year update","volume":"189","author":"FJ Rosser","year":"2014","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"key":"pone.0234633.ref010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1186\/1742-7622-11-5","article-title":"Risk factors for non-atopic asthma\/wheeze in children and adolescents: a systematic review","volume":"11","author":"A Strina","year":"2014","journal-title":"Emerg Themes Epidemiol"},{"key":"pone.0234633.ref011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"609","DOI":"10.1136\/oem.2002.006809","article-title":"Climate and the prevalence of symptoms of asthma, allergic rhinitis, and atopic eczema in children","volume":"61","author":"ISAAC Phase One Study Group","year":"2004","journal-title":"Occup Environ Med"},{"key":"pone.0234633.ref012","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"409","DOI":"10.1136\/thx.2009.126490","article-title":"Risk factors for atopic and non-atopic asthma in a rural area of Ecuador","volume":"65","author":"AL Moncayo","year":"2010","journal-title":"Thorax"},{"key":"pone.0234633.ref013","volume-title":"Consultorios Monte Sina\u00ed\u201d, Cuenca, 2009\u20132011","author":"DM Tosi Nelson","year":"2011"},{"key":"pone.0234633.ref014","author":"RC Alvarez Coello","year":"2015","journal-title":"Prevalencia de Atopia y determinaci\u00f3n de los al\u00e9rgenos inhalantes m\u00e1s comunes entre los adolescentes de Octavo y Noveno de B\u00e1sica en Cuenca-Ecuador, durante el a\u00f1o lectivo 2013\u20132014"},{"key":"pone.0234633.ref015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"313","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.200211-1320OC","article-title":"Allergic symptoms, atopy, and geohelminth infections in a rural area of Ecuador","volume":"168","author":"PJ Cooper","year":"2003","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"key":"pone.0234633.ref016","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"845","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2222.2004.01958.x","article-title":"Risk factors for atopy among school children in a rural area of Latin America","volume":"34","author":"P Cooper","year":"2004","journal-title":"Clin Exp Allergy"},{"key":"pone.0234633.ref017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e000205","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjresp-2017-000205","article-title":"Rural to urban migration is associated with increased prevalence of childhood wheeze in a Latin-American city","volume":"4","author":"A Rodriguez","year":"2017","journal-title":"BMJ Open Respir Res"},{"key":"pone.0234633.ref018","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1186\/1476-069X-14-15","article-title":"Lifestyle domains as determinants of wheeze prevalence in urban and rural schoolchildren in Ecuador: cross sectional analysis","volume":"14","author":"A Rodriguez","year":"2015","journal-title":"Environ Health"},{"key":"pone.0234633.ref019","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"423","DOI":"10.1111\/pai.12401","article-title":"Risk factors for acute asthma in tropical America: a case-control study in the City of Esmeraldas, Ecuador","volume":"26","author":"C Ardura-Garcia","year":"2015","journal-title":"Pediatr Allergy Immunol"},{"key":"pone.0234633.ref020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"232","DOI":"10.1136\/thoraxjnl-2013-203818","article-title":"Hygiene, atopy and wheeze\u2013eczema\u2013rhinitis symptoms in schoolchildren from urban and rural Ecuador","volume":"69","author":"P Cooper","year":"2014","journal-title":"Thorax"},{"key":"pone.0234633.ref021","author":"O Delgado","year":"2013","journal-title":"El plan de desarrollo y ordenamiento territorial del cant\u00f3n Cuenca, Azuay"},{"key":"pone.0234633.ref022","unstructured":"Instituto Nacional de Meteorolog\u00eda e Hidrolog\u00eda, INAMHI. Anuario Meteorol\u00f3gico. J\u00e1come, Carlos, editors. Quito, Ecuador; 2014."},{"key":"pone.0234633.ref023","unstructured":"Instituto Nacional de Estad\u00edsticas y Censos INEC. Resultados del Censo 2010 de poblaci\u00f3n y vivienda en el Ecuador. Quito; 2010."},{"key":"pone.0234633.ref024","volume-title":"Sistema de Indicadores Sociales del Ecuador","author":"Instituto Nacional de Estad\u00edsticas y Censos INEC","year":"2001"},{"key":"pone.0234633.ref025","first-page":"27","article-title":"Segregaci\u00f3n socio-espacial urbana en Cuenca, Ecuador","author":"DO Molina","year":"2014","journal-title":"Anal\u00edtika: revista de an\u00e1lisis estad\u00edstico"},{"key":"pone.0234633.ref026","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"406","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.04.00090303","article-title":"Phase II of the International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood (ISAAC II): rationale and methods","volume":"24","author":"SK Weiland","year":"2004","journal-title":"Eur Respir J"},{"key":"pone.0234633.ref027","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"294","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2018.07.014","article-title":"Polymorphisms in the DAD1 and OXA1L genes are associated with asthma and atopy in a South American population","volume":"101","author":"O Pires A de","year":"2018","journal-title":"Mol Immunol"},{"key":"pone.0234633.ref028","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"547","DOI":"10.1111\/crj.12561","article-title":"Allergic rhinitis, rhinoconjunctivitis, and eczema: prevalence and associated factors in children","volume":"12","author":"S Singh","year":"2018","journal-title":"Clin Respir J"},{"key":"pone.0234633.ref029","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"18","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1398-9995.2011.02728.x","article-title":"Practical guide to skin prick tests in allergy to aeroallergens","volume":"67","author":"J Bousquet","year":"2012","journal-title":"Allergy"},{"key":"pone.0234633.ref030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"405","DOI":"10.1590\/S1020-49892010001200001","article-title":"Asthma cases in childhood attributed to atopy in tropical area in Brazil","volume":"28","author":"SS da Cunha","year":"2010","journal-title":"Rev Panam Salud Publica"},{"key":"pone.0234633.ref031","article-title":"Effects of geohelminth infection and age on the associations between allergen\u2010specific IgE, skin test reactivity and wheeze: a case\u2010control study","author":"AL Moncayo","year":"2013","journal-title":"Clinical &."},{"key":"pone.0234633.ref032","article-title":"Epidemiology and natural history of atopic diseases","volume":"2","author":"SF Thomsen","year":"2015","journal-title":"Eur Respir J"},{"key":"pone.0234633.ref033","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"459","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2016.03.032","article-title":"Preconceptional, prenatal and postnatal exposure to outdoor and indoor environmental factors on allergic diseases\/symptoms in preschool children","volume":"152","author":"Q Deng","year":"2016","journal-title":"Chemosphere"},{"key":"pone.0234633.ref034","first-page":"405","article-title":", Others. Population attributable fraction of asthma due to atopy among Brazilian children","volume":"28","author":"S Cunha","year":"2010","journal-title":"Rev Panam Salud Publica"},{"key":"pone.0234633.ref035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1154","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.00127606","article-title":"Nonatopic asthma is associated with helminth infections and bronchiolitis in poor children","volume":"29","author":"MU Pereira","year":"2007","journal-title":"Eur Respir J"},{"key":"pone.0234633.ref036","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1778","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2222.2008.03068.x","article-title":"Impact of specific sensitization on asthma and rhinitis in young Brazilian and Chilean adults","volume":"38","author":"RJ Rona","year":"2008","journal-title":"Clin Exp Allergy"},{"key":"pone.0234633.ref037","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"155","DOI":"10.1016\/j.prrv.2004.01.007","article-title":"Asthma phenotypes in childhood: lessons from an epidemiological approach","volume":"5","author":"RT Stein","year":"2004","journal-title":"Paediatr Respir Rev"},{"key":"pone.0234633.ref038","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1076","DOI":"10.1038\/ni.3829","article-title":"The immunology of the allergy epidemic and the hygiene hypothesis","volume":"18","author":"BN Lambrecht","year":"2017","journal-title":"Nat Immunol"},{"key":"pone.0234633.ref039","article-title":"Asthma during the primary school ages\u2013prevalence, remission and the impact of allergic sensitization","author":"AB B\u00e4cklund","year":"2006","journal-title":"Allergy"},{"key":"pone.0234633.ref040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2015.01.025","article-title":"DNA methylation and childhood asthma in the inner city","volume":"136","author":"IV Yang","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Allergy Clin Immunol"},{"key":"pone.0234633.ref041","article-title":"Suggestive association between variants in IL1RAPL and asthma symptoms in Latin American children","author":"CR Marques","year":"2017","journal-title":"European journal of"},{"key":"pone.0234633.ref042","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2017.06.030","article-title":"Polymorphisms in DENND1B gene are associated with asthma and atopy phenotypes in Brazilian children","volume":"90","author":"BSD Fiuza","year":"2017","journal-title":"Mol Immunol"},{"key":"pone.0234633.ref043","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"741","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2006-3742","article-title":"Family history of asthma and atopy: in-depth analyses of the impact on asthma and wheeze in 7- to 8-year-old children","volume":"120","author":"A Bjerg","year":"2007","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"pone.0234633.ref044","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1018","DOI":"10.1136\/adc.67.8.1018","article-title":"Genetic risk for asthma, allergic rhinitis, and atopic dermatitis","volume":"67","author":"S Dold","year":"1992","journal-title":"Arch Dis Child"},{"key":"pone.0234633.ref045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"691","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1398-9995.2003.00105.x","article-title":"Links between rhinitis and asthma","volume":"58","author":"J Bousquet","year":"2003","journal-title":"Allergy"},{"key":"pone.0234633.ref046","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"50","DOI":"10.1186\/s13148-018-0484-1","article-title":"GLI2 promoter hypermethylation in saliva of children with a respiratory allergy","volume":"10","author":"SAS Langie","year":"2018","journal-title":"Clin Epigenetics"},{"key":"pone.0234633.ref047","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"155","DOI":"10.1002\/gepi.10298","article-title":"IL10 gene polymorphisms are associated with asthma phenotypes in children","volume":"26","author":"H Lyon","year":"2004","journal-title":"Genet Epidemiol"},{"key":"pone.0234633.ref048","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"146","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI21759","article-title":"Reversing the defective induction of IL-10\u2013secreting regulatory T cells in glucocorticoid-resistant asthma patients","volume":"116","author":"E Xystrakis","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Clin Invest"},{"key":"pone.0234633.ref049","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1016\/j.plefa.2019.05.003","article-title":"Variants in the CYSLTR2 are associated with asthma, atopy markers and helminths infections in the Brazilian population","volume":"145","author":"S dos","year":"2019","journal-title":"Prostaglandins Leukot Essent Fatty Acids"},{"key":"pone.0234633.ref050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"126","DOI":"10.1111\/cea.12349","article-title":"Siblings, asthma, rhinoconjunctivitis and eczema: a worldwide perspective from the International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood","volume":"45","author":"DP Strachan","year":"2015","journal-title":"Clin Exp Allergy"},{"key":"pone.0234633.ref051","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"167","DOI":"10.1186\/1465-9921-11-167","article-title":"Poverty, dirt, infections and non-atopic wheezing in children from a Brazilian urban center","volume":"11","author":"ML Barreto","year":"2010","journal-title":"Respir Res"},{"key":"pone.0234633.ref052","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"40","DOI":"10.1186\/s40168-017-0254-x","article-title":"Exposure to household furry pets influences the gut microbiota of infants at 3\u20134 months following various birth scenarios","volume":"5","author":"HM Tun","year":"2017","journal-title":"Microbiome"},{"key":"pone.0234633.ref053","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1472-9725.2004.00023.x","article-title":"Allergic rhinitis in children: environmental factors","volume":"4","author":"Y Okamoto","year":"2004","journal-title":"Clin Exp Allergy Rev"},{"key":"pone.0234633.ref054","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"567","DOI":"10.1067\/mai.2001.112943","article-title":"Childhood risk factors for atopy and the importance of early intervention","volume":"107","author":"U Wahn","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Allergy Clin Immunol"},{"key":"pone.0234633.ref055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"252","DOI":"10.1080\/02770903.2018.1445268","article-title":"The effect of early child care attendance on childhood asthma and wheezing: A meta-analysis","volume":"56","author":"A Swartz","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Asthma"},{"key":"pone.0234633.ref056","article-title":"Ascaris reinfection of slum children: relation with the IgE response","author":"NR Lynch","year":"1993","journal-title":"Clinical &."},{"key":"pone.0234633.ref057","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"450","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(98)06329-6","article-title":"Age of entry to day nursery and allergy in later childhood","volume":"353","author":"U Kr\u00e4mer","year":"1999","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"pone.0234633.ref058","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"364","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.00114514","article-title":"A systematic review of socioeconomic position in relation to asthma and allergic diseases","volume":"46","author":"E Uphoff","year":"2015","journal-title":"Eur Respir J"},{"key":"pone.0234633.ref059","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"161","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1399-3038.1997.tb00156.x","article-title":"Worldwide variations in prevalence of symptoms of allergic rhinoconjunctivitis in children: the International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood (ISAAC)","volume":"8","author":"D Strachan","year":"1997","journal-title":"Pediatr Allergy Immunol"},{"key":"pone.0234633.ref060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"234","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1399-3038.2004.00125.x","article-title":"Socioeconomic status and prevalence of allergic rhinitis and atopic eczema symptoms in young adolescents","volume":"15","author":"MJ Mercer","year":"2004","journal-title":"Pediatr Allergy Immunol"},{"key":"pone.0234633.ref061","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"176484","DOI":"10.1155\/2012\/176484","article-title":"Perinatal cat and dog exposure and the risk of asthma and allergy in the urban environment: a systematic review of longitudinal studies","volume":"2012","author":"CJ Lodge","year":"2012","journal-title":"Clin Dev Immunol"},{"key":"pone.0234633.ref062","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.1136\/thx.53.1.63","article-title":"Allergen avoidance in the treatment of asthma and atopic disorders","volume":"53","author":"A Custovic","year":"1998","journal-title":"Thorax"},{"key":"pone.0234633.ref063","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"82","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.1.5740.82","article-title":"High altitude and house-dust mites","volume":"1","author":"FT Spieksma","year":"1971","journal-title":"Br Med J"},{"key":"pone.0234633.ref064","first-page":"323","article-title":"Presence of domestic mites at an extremely high altitude (4800 m) in Andean Ecuador","volume":"19","author":"R Valdivieso","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Investig Allergol Clin Immunol"},{"key":"pone.0234633.ref065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aller.2010.02.010","article-title":"Monthly variation of Dermatophagoides allergens and its influence on respiratory allergy in a high altitude environment (Quito, 2800 m asl in Andean Ecuador)","volume":"39","author":"R Valdivieso","year":"2011","journal-title":"Allergol Immunopathol"},{"key":"pone.0234633.ref066","author":"ME Quinteros Espinoza","year":"2018","journal-title":"Modelamiento de la precipitaci\u00f3n en la zona urbana de la ciudad de Cuenca. dspace.ups.edu.ec"},{"key":"pone.0234633.ref067","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"165","DOI":"10.7581\/pard.2011.21.3.165","article-title":"Prevalence of allergic diseases and risk factors in preschool children, 2009","volume":"21","author":"YH Kim","year":"2011","journal-title":"Pediatric Allergy and Respiratory Disease"},{"key":"pone.0234633.ref068","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2466-12-17","article-title":"Prevalence of asthma and other allergic conditions in Colombia 2009\u20132010: a cross-sectional study","volume":"12","author":"RJ Dennis","year":"2012","journal-title":"BMC Pulm Med"},{"key":"pone.0234633.ref069","first-page":"311","article-title":"Prevalence of symptoms of eczema in Latin America: results of the International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood (ISAAC) Phase 3","volume":"20","author":"AM Camargos","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Investig Allergol Clin Immunol"},{"key":"pone.0234633.ref070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1251","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2009.10.009","article-title":"Global variations in prevalence of eczema symptoms in children from ISAAC Phase Three","volume":"124","author":"ISAAC Phase Three Study Group","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Allergy Clin Immunol"},{"key":"pone.0234633.ref071","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"125","DOI":"10.1016\/S0091-6749(99)70536-1","article-title":"Worldwide variations in the prevalence of symptoms of atopic eczema in the International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood","volume":"103","author":"H Williams","year":"1999","journal-title":"J Allergy Clin Immunol"},{"key":"pone.0234633.ref072","first-page":"389","article-title":"Critical review of ISAAC results for atopic dermatitis in tropical cities","volume":"65","author":"J S\u00e1nchez","year":"2018","journal-title":"Rev Alerg Mex"},{"key":"pone.0234633.ref073","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"817","DOI":"10.1186\/1756-0500-7-817","article-title":"Effects of helminth co-infections on atopy, asthma and cytokine production in children living in a poor urban area in Latin America","volume":"7","author":"NM Alc\u00e2ntara-Neves","year":"2014","journal-title":"BMC Res Notes"},{"key":"pone.0234633.ref074","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"607","DOI":"10.1289\/ehp.98106607","article-title":"Prevalence of adult asthma symptoms in relation to climate in New Zealand","volume":"106","author":"S Hales","year":"1998","journal-title":"Environ Health Perspect"},{"key":"pone.0234633.ref075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"733","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(06)69283-0","article-title":"Worldwide time trends in the prevalence of symptoms of asthma, allergic rhinoconjunctivitis, and eczema in childhood: ISAAC Phases One and Three repeat multicountry cross-sectional surveys","volume":"368","author":"MI Asher","year":"2006","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"pone.0234633.ref076","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"20","DOI":"10.1186\/s40413-016-0110-7","article-title":"Particularities of allergy in the Tropics","volume":"9","author":"L Caraballo","year":"2016","journal-title":"World Allergy Organ J"},{"key":"pone.0234633.ref077","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"604","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.312.7031.604","article-title":"Thunderstorm associated asthma: a detailed analysis of environmental factors","volume":"312","author":"A Celenza","year":"1996","journal-title":"BMJ"}],"updated-by":[{"DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0236843","type":"correction","label":"Correction","source":"publisher","updated":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,22]],"date-time":"2020-07-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1595376000000}}],"container-title":["PLOS ONE"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0234633","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,9]],"date-time":"2024-08-09T22:03:54Z","timestamp":1723241034000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0234633"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"Claudio","family":"Andaloro","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"editor"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,10]]},"references-count":77,"journal-issue":{"issue":"7","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,10]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0234633","relation":{"correction":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0236843","asserted-by":"object"}]},"ISSN":["1932-6203"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1932-6203","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,10]]}}}