{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,30]],"date-time":"2026-10-30T21:43:06Z","timestamp":1793396586370,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":92,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,16]],"date-time":"2020-06-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1592265600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000025","name":"National Institute of Mental Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["K01MH111374"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["K01MH111374"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000025","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosone.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS ONE"],"DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0234720","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,16]],"date-time":"2020-06-16T17:23:40Z","timestamp":1592328220000},"page":"e0234720","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":59,"title":["Religion, faith, and spirituality influences on HIV prevention activities: A scoping review"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Vivian","family":"Vigliotti","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tamara","family":"Taggart","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mahaya","family":"Walker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7748-1514","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Sasmita","family":"Kusmastuti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4170-2001","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Yusuf","family":"Ransome","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"pone.0234720.ref001","unstructured":"UNAIDS. Global HIV & AIDS statistics-2018 fact sheet 2019 [cited 2019 January 15]. http:\/\/www.webcitation.org\/query?url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.unaids.org%2Fsites%2Fdefault%2Ffiles%2Fmedia_asset%2FUNAIDS_FactSheet_en.pdf&date=2019-01-15."},{"issue":"2","key":"pone.0234720.ref002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"191","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2016.8900","article-title":"Antiretroviral drugs for treatment and prevention of HIV infection in adults: 2016 recommendations of the International Antiviral Society\u2013USA panel","volume":"316","author":"HF G\u00fcnthard","year":"2016","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"issue":"6","key":"pone.0234720.ref003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"493","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1105243","article-title":"Prevention of HIV-1 infection with early antiretroviral therapy","volume":"365","author":"MS Cohen","year":"2011","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"pone.0234720.ref004","unstructured":"UNAIDS. Combination HIV prevention: tailoring and coordinating biomedical, behavioural and structural strategies to reduce new HIV infections Geneva, Switzerland: Joint United Nations Programme on HIV\/AIDS; 2010 [cited 2019 July 7]. http:\/\/files.unaids.org\/en\/media\/unaids\/contentassets\/documents\/unaidspublication\/2011\/20111110_JC2007_Combination_Prevention_paper_en.pdf."},{"key":"pone.0234720.ref005","article-title":"HIV viral load and transmissibility of HIV infection: undetectable equals untransmittable","author":"RW Eisinger","year":"2019","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"issue":"151","key":"pone.0234720.ref006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"151ra25","DOI":"10.1126\/scitranslmed.3004006","article-title":"Emtricitabine-tenofovir concentrations and pre-exposure prophylaxis efficacy in men who have sex with men","volume":"4","author":"PL Anderson","year":"2012","journal-title":"Sci Transl Med"},{"issue":"10013","key":"pone.0234720.ref007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(15)00056-2","article-title":"Pre-exposure prophylaxis to prevent the acquisition of HIV-1 infection (PROUD): effectiveness results from the pilot phase of a pragmatic open-label randomised trial","volume":"387","author":"S McCormack","year":"2016","journal-title":"The Lancet"},{"issue":"8","key":"pone.0234720.ref008","article-title":"Behavioral and biomedical combination strategies for HIV prevention","volume":"2","author":"L-G Bekker","year":"2012","journal-title":"Cold Spring Harbor Perspectives in Medicine"},{"issue":"Suppl 1(0 1)","key":"pone.0234720.ref009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S12","DOI":"10.1097\/QAI.0b013e31829202a2","article-title":"Translation of biomedical prevention strategies for HIV: prospects and pitfalls","volume":"63","author":"SH Vermund","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Acquir Immune Defic Synd"},{"issue":"July 19","key":"pone.0234720.ref010","first-page":"S2352","article-title":"The disconnect between individual-level and population-level HIV prevention benefits of antiretroviral treatment","author":"S Baral","year":"2019","journal-title":"The Lancet HIV"},{"issue":"S4","key":"pone.0234720.ref011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e25306","DOI":"10.1002\/jia2.25306","article-title":"Understanding user perspectives of and preferences for oral PrEP for HIV prevention in the context of intervention scale-up: a synthesis of evidence from sub-Saharan Africa","volume":"22","author":"R Eakle","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Int AIDS Soc"},{"key":"pone.0234720.ref012","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1017\/CBO9781139087315","volume-title":"Structure, Agency and the Internal Conversation","author":"MS Archer","year":"2003"},{"issue":"8","key":"pone.0234720.ref013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1367","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.2013.301301","article-title":"Between individual agency and structure in HIV prevention: understanding the middle ground of social practice","volume":"103","author":"S Kippax","year":"2013","journal-title":"Am J Public Health"},{"issue":"9640","key":"pone.0234720.ref014","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"764","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(08)60887-9","article-title":"Structural approaches to HIV prevention","volume":"372","author":"GR Gupta","year":"2008","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"pone.0234720.ref015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1525\/9780520933026","volume-title":"AIDS and accusation: Haiti and the geography of blame, updated with a new preface","author":"P Farmer","year":"2006"},{"issue":"sup3","key":"pone.0234720.ref016","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S293","DOI":"10.1080\/17441692.2011.594451","article-title":"Addressing social drivers of HIV\/AIDS for the long-term response: conceptual and methodological considerations","volume":"6","author":"JD Auerbach","year":"2011","journal-title":"Glob Public Health"},{"issue":"S1","key":"pone.0234720.ref017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"102","DOI":"10.1080\/09540120500121185","article-title":"Micro-social structural approaches to HIV prevention: A social ecological perspective","volume":"17","author":"CA Latkin","year":"2005","journal-title":"AIDS Care"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0234720.ref018","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19073","DOI":"10.7448\/IAS.17.1.19073","article-title":"Evaluating social outcomes of HIV\/AIDS interventions: a critical assessment of contemporary indicator frameworks","volume":"17","author":"J Mannell","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Int AIDS Soc"},{"key":"pone.0234720.ref019","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1093\/acprof:oso\/9780199362202.001.0001","volume-title":"Religion as a social determinant of public health","author":"EL Idler","year":"2014"},{"key":"pone.0234720.ref020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"728","DOI":"10.1093\/acprof:oso\/9780195118667.001.0001","volume-title":"Handbook of religion and health","author":"HG Koenig","year":"2001"},{"key":"pone.0234720.ref021","volume-title":"Religion, spirituality, and health","author":"D Oman","year":"2018"},{"key":"pone.0234720.ref022","volume-title":"The Protestant ethic and the spirit of capitalism","author":"M Weber","year":"2002"},{"key":"pone.0234720.ref023","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.7208\/chicago\/9780226791722.001.0001","volume-title":"After God","author":"MC Taylor","year":"2007"},{"key":"pone.0234720.ref024","first-page":"57","volume-title":"A reader in the anthropology of religion","author":"C Geertz","year":"1966","edition":"2"},{"key":"pone.0234720.ref025","volume-title":"Durkheim on religion: a selection of readings with bibliographies","author":"W Pickering","year":"1975"},{"key":"pone.0234720.ref026","first-page":"364","volume-title":"Religion as a social determinant of public health","author":"SG Dalmida","year":"2014"},{"key":"pone.0234720.ref027","unstructured":"Pew Research Center. The global religious landscape Washington, DC: Pew Research Center; 2012 [cited 2017 April 3]. http:\/\/www.webcitation.org\/query?url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.pewforum.org%2F2012%2F12%2F18%2Fglobal-religious-landscape-exec%2F&date=2017-04-03."},{"key":"pone.0234720.ref028","unstructured":"Pew Research Center. The age gap in religion around the world Washington, DC: Pew Research Center; 2018 [cited 2019 January 1]. http:\/\/www.webcitation.org\/query?url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.pewforum.org%2F2018%2F06%2F13%2Fthe-age-gap-in-religion-around-the-world%2F&date=2019-01-15."},{"key":"pone.0234720.ref029","unstructured":"World Values Survey. A098. Active\/Inactive membership of church or religious organization. World Values Survey, online data analysis Vienna, Austria: Institute for Comparative Survey Research; 2019 [cited 2019 July 15]. http:\/\/www.worldvaluessurvey.org\/WVSOnline.jsp."},{"key":"pone.0234720.ref030","first-page":"233","volume-title":"Psychology, religion, and spirituality","author":"Springer","year":"2009"},{"key":"pone.0234720.ref031","first-page":"46","article-title":"Contemplative spirituality, currere, and social transformation: finding our \"way\"","volume":"38","author":"K Kesson","year":"2002","journal-title":"Counterpoints"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0234720.ref032","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.1111\/1468-5914.00119","article-title":"Conceptualizing religion and spirituality: points of commonality, points of departure","volume":"30","author":"PC Hill","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Theory Soc Behav"},{"issue":"4","key":"pone.0234720.ref033","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"549","DOI":"10.2307\/1387689","article-title":"Religion and spirituality: unfuzzying the fuzzy","volume":"36","author":"BJ Zinnbauer","year":"1997","journal-title":"J Sci Study Relig"},{"issue":"6","key":"pone.0234720.ref034","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1792","DOI":"10.1007\/s10461-016-1651-z","article-title":"Religion, spirituality, and HIV clinical outcomes: a systematic review of the literature","volume":"22","author":"BR Doolittle","year":"2016","journal-title":"AIDS Behav"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0234720.ref035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1080\/09540121.2016.1201196","article-title":"Are religion and spirituality barriers or facilitators to treatment for HIV: a systematic review of the literature","volume":"29","author":"H Medved Kendrick","year":"2017","journal-title":"AIDS Care"},{"issue":"8","key":"pone.0234720.ref036","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1569","DOI":"10.1007\/s10461-014-0714-2","article-title":"The influence of religion on sexual HIV risk","volume":"18","author":"SA Shaw","year":"2014","journal-title":"AIDS Behav"},{"key":"pone.0234720.ref037","unstructured":"United States (US) Department of Health and Human Services. HIV prevention activities Washington, DC: HIV.gov \/ Office of HIV\/AIDS and Infectious Disease Policy (OHAIDP); 2017 [updated May 20, 2017; cited 2019 January 14]. http:\/\/www.webcitation.org\/query?url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.hiv.gov%2Ffederal-response%2Ffederal-activities-agencies%2Fhiv-prevention-activities&date=2019-01-14."},{"issue":"3","key":"pone.0234720.ref038","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"666","DOI":"10.1093\/ije\/dym018","article-title":"Tools for assessing quality and susceptibility to bias in observational studies in epidemiology: a systematic review and annotated bibliography","volume":"36","author":"S Sanderson","year":"2007","journal-title":"Int J Epidemiol"},{"key":"pone.0234720.ref039","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/9780470712184","volume-title":"Cochrane handbook for systematic reviews of interventions","author":"J Higgins","year":"2008"},{"issue":"6","key":"pone.0234720.ref040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"700","DOI":"10.1177\/109019819802500603","article-title":"The religion-health connection: evidence, theory, and future directions","volume":"25","author":"CG Ellison","year":"1998","journal-title":"Health Educ Behav"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0234720.ref041","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"78","DOI":"10.3390\/rel1010078","article-title":"The Duke University Religion Index (DUREL): a five-item measure for use in epidemological studies","volume":"1","author":"HG Koenig","year":"2010","journal-title":"Religions"},{"issue":"5","key":"pone.0234720.ref042","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1309","DOI":"10.1177\/1557988315626264","article-title":"Childhood exposure to religions with gigh prevalence of members who discourage homosexuality is associated with adult HIV risk behaviors and HIV infection in black men who have sex with men","volume":"11","author":"LE Nelson","year":"2017","journal-title":"Am J Mens Health"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0234720.ref043","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"36","DOI":"10.1037\/0003-066X.58.1.36","article-title":"Religion and spirituality: linkages to physical health","volume":"58","author":"LH Powell","year":"2003","journal-title":"Am Psychol"},{"issue":"4","key":"pone.0234720.ref044","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"524","DOI":"10.1177\/0095798499025004004","article-title":"Subjective religiosity among African Americans: A synthesis of findings from five national samples","volume":"25","author":"RJ Taylor","year":"1999","journal-title":"J Black Psychol"},{"issue":"6","key":"pone.0234720.ref045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S269","DOI":"10.1093\/geronj\/47.6.S269","article-title":"Antecedents and dimensions of religious involvement among older black adults","volume":"47","author":"LM Chatters","year":"1992","journal-title":"J Gerontol"},{"issue":"4","key":"pone.0234720.ref046","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"327","DOI":"10.1177\/0164027503025004001","article-title":"Measuring multiple dimensions of religion and spirituality for health research: conceptual background and findings from the 1998 General Social Survey","volume":"25","author":"EL Idler","year":"2003","journal-title":"Res Aging"},{"issue":"6","key":"pone.0234720.ref047","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1802","DOI":"10.1007\/s10461-017-1805-7","article-title":"The relationship between spirituality\/religiousness and unhealthy alcohol use among HIV-infected adults in Southwestern Uganda","volume":"22","author":"J Adong","year":"2018","journal-title":"AIDS Behav"},{"issue":"2","key":"pone.0234720.ref048","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"459","DOI":"10.1007\/s10461-018-2206-2","article-title":"The role of religious service attendance, psychosocial and behavioral determinants of antiretroviral therapy (ART) adherence: results from HPTN 063 cohort study","volume":"23","author":"Y Ransome","year":"2018","journal-title":"AIDS Behav"},{"issue":"3","key":"pone.0234720.ref049","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"218","DOI":"10.1521\/aeap.2010.22.3.218","article-title":"Taking it to the pews: A CBPR-guided HIV awareness and screening project with black churches","volume":"22","author":"J Berkley-Patton","year":"2010","journal-title":"AIDS Educ Prev"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0234720.ref050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"107","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jadohealth.2019.07.021","article-title":"Effects of church-based parent\u2013child abstinence-only interventions on adolescents\u2019 sexual behaviors","volume":"66","author":"LS Jemmott","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Adolesc Health"},{"issue":"4","key":"pone.0234720.ref051","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"311","DOI":"10.1521\/aeap.2006.18.4.311","article-title":"A controlled study of a spirituality-focused intervention for increasing motivation for HIV prevention among drug users","volume":"18","author":"A Margolin","year":"2006","journal-title":"AIDS Educ Prev"},{"issue":"12","key":"pone.0234720.ref052","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2226","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.2013.301386","article-title":"Comparative effectiveness of a faith-based HIV intervention for African American women: importance of enhancing religious social capital","volume":"103","author":"GM Wingood","year":"2013","journal-title":"Am J Public Health"},{"issue":"7","key":"pone.0234720.ref053","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1529","DOI":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2005.03.012","article-title":"Gender, religious involvement, and HIV\/AIDS prevention in Mozambique","volume":"61","author":"V Agadjanian","year":"2005","journal-title":"Soc Sci Med"},{"issue":"4","key":"pone.0234720.ref054","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1211","DOI":"10.1007\/s10943-011-9563-8","article-title":"Religiosity for promotion of behaviors likely to reduce new HIV infections in Uganda: a study among Muslim youth in Wakiso district","volume":"52","author":"M Kagimu","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Relig Health"},{"issue":"2","key":"pone.0234720.ref055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e000638","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2011-000638","article-title":"A quasi-experimental evaluation of an HIV prevention programme by peer education in the Anglican Church of the Western Cape, South Africa","volume":"2","author":"R Mash","year":"2012","journal-title":"BMJ Open"},{"issue":"2","key":"pone.0234720.ref056","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"199","DOI":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2009.04.018","article-title":"Religious teachings and influences on the ABCs of HIV prevention in Malawi","volume":"69","author":"J Trinitapoli","year":"2009","journal-title":"Soc Sci Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0234720.ref057","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"94","DOI":"10.1017\/S1138741600004157","article-title":"Condom use, contraceptive methods, and religiosity among youths of low socioeconomic level","volume":"11","author":"E Cerqueira-Santos","year":"2008","journal-title":"Span J Psychol"},{"issue":"7","key":"pone.0234720.ref058","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"889","DOI":"10.1177\/0193945909339895","article-title":"Predictors of self-efficacy to use condoms among seropositive middle-aged African American men","volume":"31","author":"CL Coleman","year":"2009","journal-title":"West J Nurs Res"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0234720.ref059","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2","DOI":"10.1016\/S1054-139X(02)00460-3","article-title":"Religiosity and risky sexual behavior in African-American adolescent females","volume":"33","author":"DH McCree","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Adolesc Health"},{"key":"pone.0234720.ref060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3402\/gha.v3i0.5432","article-title":"Social capital and sexual behavior among Ugandan university students","volume":"3","author":"A Agardh","year":"2010","journal-title":"Glob Health Action"},{"key":"pone.0234720.ref061","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"527","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2458-11-527","article-title":"Experience of sexual coercion and risky sexual behavior among Ugandan university students","volume":"11","author":"A Agardh","year":"2011","journal-title":"BMC Public Health"},{"issue":"5","key":"pone.0234720.ref062","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2013-002802","article-title":"The body we leave behind: a qualitative study of obstacles and opportunities for increasing uptake of male circumcision among Tanzanian Christians","volume":"3","author":"JA Downs","year":"2013","journal-title":"BMJ Open"},{"issue":"7","key":"pone.0234720.ref063","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"819","DOI":"10.1177\/0193945916629621","article-title":"A contextualized approach to faith-based HIV risk reduction for African American women","volume":"38","author":"JM Stewart","year":"2016","journal-title":"West J Nurs Res"},{"issue":"8","key":"pone.0234720.ref064","first-page":"1011","article-title":"An HIV\/AIDS intervention programme with Buddhist aid in Yunnan Province","volume":"123","author":"F Wu","year":"2010","journal-title":"Chin Med J (Engl)"},{"issue":"8","key":"pone.0234720.ref065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1692","DOI":"10.1007\/s10461-015-1280-y","article-title":"Effects of a pilot church-based intervention to reduce HIV stigma and promote HIV testing among African Americans and Latinos","volume":"20","author":"KP Derose","year":"2016","journal-title":"AIDS Behav"},{"issue":"11","key":"pone.0234720.ref066","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e692","DOI":"10.1016\/S2214-109X(15)00195-3","article-title":"Effect of a congregation-based intervention on uptake of HIV testing and linkage to care in pregnant women in Nigeria (Baby Shower): a cluster randomised trial","volume":"3","author":"EE Ezeanolue","year":"2015","journal-title":"Lancet Glob Health"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0234720.ref067","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"76","DOI":"10.1007\/s10461-018-2240-0","article-title":"Feasibility and outcomes of an HIV testing intervention in African American churches","volume":"23","author":"JY Berkley-Patton","year":"2019","journal-title":"AIDS Behav"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0234720.ref068","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1392","DOI":"10.1186\/s12889-018-6301-0","article-title":"Faith leaders\u2019 messaging is essential to enhance HIV prevention among black Americans: results from the 2016 National Survey on HIV in the black community (NSHBC)","volume":"18","author":"Y Ransome","year":"2018","journal-title":"BMC Pub Health"},{"issue":"4","key":"pone.0234720.ref069","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"290","DOI":"10.1080\/15381501.2018.1477641","article-title":"In what ways do religious congregations address HIV? examining predictors of different types of congregational HIV activities","volume":"17","author":"MV Williams","year":"2018","journal-title":"J HIV\/AIDS Soc Serv"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0234720.ref070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.1080\/02791072.2001.10400467","article-title":"Spiritual and religious support in recovery from addiction among HIV-positive injection drug users","volume":"33","author":"SK Avants","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Psychoactive Drugs"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0234720.ref071","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1037\/a0013872","article-title":"Barriers and facilitators of HIV prevention with heterosexual Latino couples: beliefs of four stakeholder groups","volume":"15","author":"D Perez-Jimenez","year":"2009","journal-title":"Cultur Divers Ethnic Minor Psychol"},{"issue":"5","key":"pone.0234720.ref072","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1839","DOI":"10.1007\/s10461-013-0455-7","article-title":"Faith-based HIV prevention and counseling programs: findings from the cincinnati census of religious congregations","volume":"17","author":"M Szaflarski","year":"2013","journal-title":"AIDS Behav"},{"issue":"5","key":"pone.0234720.ref073","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"550","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jadohealth.2005.04.012","article-title":"The effects of religious affiliation on sexual initiation and condom use in Zambia","volume":"38","author":"S Agha","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Adolescent Health"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0234720.ref074","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1080\/17441692.2010.486764","article-title":"The AIDS-related activities of religious leaders in Malawi","volume":"6","author":"J Trinitapoli","year":"2011","journal-title":"Glob Public Health"},{"issue":"4","key":"pone.0234720.ref075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.12927\/whp.2011.22346","article-title":"Religion, condom use acceptability and use within marriage among rural women in Malawi","volume":"12","author":"AS Muula","year":"2011","journal-title":"World Health Popul"},{"issue":"6","key":"pone.0234720.ref076","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1662","DOI":"10.1007\/s10943-013-9753-7","article-title":"Young people, sexuality, and HIV prevention within Christian faith communities in South Africa: a cross-sectional survey","volume":"53","author":"E Eriksson","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Relig Health"},{"issue":"4","key":"pone.0234720.ref077","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"262","DOI":"10.1136\/sextrans-2018-053773","article-title":"What are the motivations and barriers to pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) use among black men who have sex with men aged 18\u201345 in London? Results from a qualitative study","volume":"95","author":"TC Witzel","year":"2019","journal-title":"Sex Trans Infect"},{"key":"pone.0234720.ref078","article-title":"Religion spirituality and health: new considerations for epidemiology","author":"Y Ransome","year":"2020","journal-title":"Am J Epidemiol"},{"key":"pone.0234720.ref079","unstructured":"Lipka M, Gecewicz C. More Americans now say they\u2019re spiritual but not religious Washington, DC: Pew Research Center; 2017 [cited 2017 September 27]. http:\/\/www.webcitation.org\/query?url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.pewresearch.org%2Ffact-tank%2F2017%2F09%2F06%2Fmore-americans-now-say-theyre-spiritual-but-not-religious%2F&date=2017-09-27."},{"key":"pone.0234720.ref080","volume-title":"Spirituality and health research: methods, measurements, statistics, and resources","author":"HG Koenig","year":"2011"},{"key":"pone.0234720.ref081","volume-title":"Religion, culture and spirituality in African and the African diaspora","author":"W Ackah","year":"2018"},{"key":"pone.0234720.ref082","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"112718","DOI":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2019.112718","article-title":"Congregational involvement in HIV: a qualitative comparative analysis of factors influencing HIV activity among diverse urban congregations","volume":"246","author":"P Mendel","year":"2020","journal-title":"Soc Sci Med"},{"key":"pone.0234720.ref083","unstructured":"Pew Research Center. The changing global religious landscape. Washington, DC: Pew Research Center, 2017."},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0234720.ref084","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"122","DOI":"10.1007\/s10943-013-9789-8","article-title":"A faith-based community partnership to address HIV\/AIDS in the southern United States: implementation, challenges, and lessons learned","volume":"54","author":"W Abara","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Relig Health"},{"issue":"2","key":"pone.0234720.ref085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"232","DOI":"10.1080\/09540121.2017.1371664","article-title":"Testing our FAITHH: HIV stigma and knowledge after a faith-based HIV stigma reduction intervention in the rural south","volume":"30","author":"P Payne-Foster","year":"2018","journal-title":"AIDS Care"},{"issue":"3 Suppl 2","key":"pone.0234720.ref086","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"18644","DOI":"10.7448\/IAS.16.3.18644","article-title":"Assessment of HIV-related stigma in a US faith-based HIV education and testing intervention","volume":"16","author":"JY Berkley-Patton","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Int AIDS Soc"},{"issue":"11","key":"pone.0234720.ref087","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2936","DOI":"10.1007\/s10461-019-02604-7","article-title":"Love with No Exceptions: a statewide faith-based, university\u2013community partnership for faith-based HIV training and assessment of needs in the deep south","volume":"23","author":"RG Lanzi","year":"2019","journal-title":"AIDS Behav"},{"issue":"10","key":"pone.0234720.ref088","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1520","DOI":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2012.01.020","article-title":"Attitudes and beliefs related to HIV\/AIDS in urban religious congregations: barriers and opportunities for HIV-related interventions","volume":"74","author":"RN Bluthenthal","year":"2012","journal-title":"Soc Sci Med"},{"issue":"6","key":"pone.0234720.ref089","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"633","DOI":"10.1080\/13691051003736253","article-title":"Senegalese religious leaders\u2019 perceptions of HIV\/AIDS and implications for challenging stigma and discrimination","volume":"12","author":"DA Ansari","year":"2010","journal-title":"Cult Health Sex"},{"issue":"3S2","key":"pone.0234720.ref090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"18640","DOI":"10.7448\/IAS.16.3.18640","article-title":"Impact of HIV-related stigma on treatment adherence: systematic review and meta-synthesis","volume":"16","author":"IT Katz","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Int AIDS Soc"},{"issue":"2","key":"pone.0234720.ref091","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"190","DOI":"10.1007\/s11904-018-0385-0","article-title":"PrEP stigma: implicit and explicit drivers of disparity","volume":"15","author":"SA Golub","year":"2018","journal-title":"Current HIV\/AIDS Reports"},{"issue":"11","key":"pone.0234720.ref092","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1351","DOI":"10.1080\/09540121.2017.1300633","article-title":"Stigma, medical mistrust, and perceived racism may affect PrEP awareness and uptake in black compared to white gay and bisexual men in Jackson, Mississippi and Boston, Massachusetts","volume":"29","author":"S Cahill","year":"2017","journal-title":"AIDS Care"}],"updated-by":[{"DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0241737","type":"correction","label":"Correction","source":"publisher","updated":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,28]],"date-time":"2020-10-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1603843200000}}],"container-title":["PLOS ONE"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0234720","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,20]],"date-time":"2021-03-20T15:02:51Z","timestamp":1616252571000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0234720"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"Ethan","family":"Morgan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"editor"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,16]]},"references-count":92,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,16]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0234720","relation":{"correction":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0241737","asserted-by":"object"}]},"ISSN":["1932-6203"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1932-6203","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,16]]}}}