{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,16]],"date-time":"2026-09-16T23:16:49Z","timestamp":1789600609991,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,11]],"date-time":"2020-11-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1605052800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosone.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS ONE"],"abstract":"\n Background\/aim<\/jats:title>\n To use liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) to identify endogenous differential metabolites in the urine of rats with chronic atrophic gastritis (CAG).<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Materials and methods<\/jats:title>\n Methylnitronitrosoguanidine (MNNG) was used to produce a CAG model in Wistar rats, and HE staining was used to determine the pathological model. LC-MS was used to detect the differential metabolic profiles in rat urine. Diversified analysis was performed by the statistical method.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results<\/jats:title>\n Compared with the control group, the model group had 68 differential metabolites, 25 that were upregulated and 43 that were downregulated. The main metabolic pathways were D-glutamine and D-glutamic acid metabolism, histidine metabolism and purine metabolism.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n By searching for differential metabolites and metabolic pathways in the urine of CAG rats, this study provides effective experimental data for the pathogenesis and clinical diagnosis of CAG.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0236203","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,11]],"date-time":"2020-11-11T13:38:22Z","timestamp":1605101902000},"page":"e0236203","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Urine metabolomics of rats with chronic atrophic gastritis"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"15","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7773-0568","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Guo-Xiu","family":"Zu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qian-Qian","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jian","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xi-Jian","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ke-Yun","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Liang-Kun","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ling","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tao","family":"Han","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hai-Liang","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"pone.0236203.ref001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"33444","DOI":"10.18632\/oncotarget.16800","article-title":"Fbxw7 haploinsufficiency loses its protection against DNA damage and accelerates MNU-induced gastric carcinogenesis","volume":"8","author":"Y Jiang","year":"2017","journal-title":"Oncotarget"},{"key":"pone.0236203.ref002","volume-title":"Correlation between pathological classification of chronic atrophic gastritis patients and TCM constitution types","author":"H Hao","year":"2017"},{"key":"pone.0236203.ref003","volume-title":"CKD-MBD related biomarkers based on metabolomics biological screening and research on the toxicity mechanism of bone metabolism","author":"Q Wu","year":"2017"},{"key":"pone.0236203.ref004","volume-title":"Research on new methods and strategies for the analysis of endogenous lipid compounds based on chromatographic mass spectrometry","author":"T Hu","year":"2018"},{"key":"pone.0236203.ref005","first-page":"381389","article-title":"The effect of different routes and doses of N-methyl-N-nitro N-nitrosoguanidine administration on pathological changes of gastric mucosa in rats","volume":"23","author":"XR Kong","year":"2015","journal-title":"Chin J Integr Tradit West Med Dig"},{"key":"pone.0236203.ref006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1038\/nprot.2012.135","article-title":"Global metabolic profiling of animal and human tissues via UPLC-MS","volume":"8","author":"EJ Want","year":"2013","journal-title":"Nat Protoc"},{"key":"pone.0236203.ref007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"779","DOI":"10.1021\/ac051437y","article-title":"XCMS: processing mass spectrometry data for metabolite profiling using nonlinear peak alignment, matching, and identification","volume":"78","author":"CA Smith","year":"2006","journal-title":"Anal Chem"},{"key":"pone.0236203.ref008","first-page":"77","volume":"132","author":"Jiajia Cui","year":"2017","journal-title":"NMR-based metabonomics and correlation analysis reveal potential biomarkers associated with chronic atrophic gastritis"},{"key":"pone.0236203.ref009","volume-title":"Metabonomics based study on the mechanism of electroacupuncture in the treatment of chronic atrophic gastritis [D]","author":"Chen Jiaolong","year":"2018"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0236203.ref010","first-page":"1","article-title":"Comparative metabolomics study on therapeutic mechanism of electro-acupuncture and moxibustion on rats with chronic atrophic gastritis (CAG)","volume":"7","author":"Cai-chun Liu","year":"2017","journal-title":"Scientific Reports"},{"issue":"5","key":"pone.0236203.ref011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"748","DOI":"10.1111\/jphp.13242","article-title":"Urinary metabolomics research for Huangqi Jianzhong Tang against chronic atrophic gastritis rats based on 1H NMR and UPLC-Q\/TOF MS","volume":"72","author":"YueTao Liu","year":"2020","journal-title":"Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology"},{"key":"pone.0236203.ref012","volume-title":"Pathogenesis transformation of spleen and stomach dampness-heat syndrome of Hp gastritis and its metabolomics study [D]","author":"Sun Yina","year":"2017"},{"key":"pone.0236203.ref013","first-page":"3","article-title":"Experimental study on the effect of MNNG compound method on the model of gastric precancerous lesions on inflammatory factors","volume":"41","author":"X Qi","year":"2019","journal-title":"Hubei J Tradit Chin Med"},{"key":"pone.0236203.ref014","first-page":"62","article-title":"Research progress of rat models of precancerous lesions","volume":"23","author":"X Yuan","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Anhui Tradit Chin Med Coll"},{"key":"pone.0236203.ref015","first-page":"7","article-title":"Establishment of rat model of chronic atrophic gastritis discussion on the factors of atrophy","author":"J Si","year":"2001","journal-title":"Chin J Dig"},{"key":"pone.0236203.ref016","first-page":"527","article-title":"Experimental study on the effect of Taibai rice n-butanol extract on chronic gastritis in rats","volume":"29","author":"Z Geng","year":"2009","journal-title":"Jilin Zhong Med"},{"key":"pone.0236203.ref017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e16195","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0016195","article-title":"Hypoxia potentiates glioma-mediated immunosuppression","volume":"6","author":"J Wei","year":"2011","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"pone.0236203.ref018","first-page":"719","article-title":"Changes of neuronal apoptosis in rat model of kidney yin deficiency induced by L-monosodium glutamate","author":"C Gao","year":"2003","journal-title":"Chin J Med"},{"key":"pone.0236203.ref019","first-page":"1524","article-title":"Changes of neural stem cell proliferation and differentiation-related proteins in L-monosodium glutamate rats","author":"S Gao","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Third Mil Med Univ"},{"key":"pone.0236203.ref020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1700612","DOI":"10.1002\/biot.201700612","article-title":"Integrated analysis of the transcriptome and metabolome of corynebacterium glutamicum during penicillin-induced glutamic acid production","volume":"13","author":"T Hirasawa","year":"2018","journal-title":"Biotechnol J"},{"key":"pone.0236203.ref021","first-page":"56","article-title":"Amino acid analyzer for rapid determination of 3-methylhistidine in urine","author":"D Chen","year":"1988","journal-title":"Sichuan J Physiol Sci"},{"key":"pone.0236203.ref022","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1096\/fasebj.2020.34.s1.00724","article-title":"Evaluation of antitumoral effect of the combination of L-histidine methyl esther hydrochloride of anfotericin B with antineoplastics on A549 cells","volume":"34","author":"R Escobar-Res\u00e9ndiz","year":"2020","journal-title":"FASEB J"},{"key":"pone.0236203.ref023","volume-title":"Experimental study on the effect of metabolic glutamate receptor 5 antagonist MPEP on rats with levodopa-induced Parkinson\u2019s disease dyskinesia","author":"H Shu","year":"2015"},{"key":"pone.0236203.ref024","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e102541","DOI":"10.15252\/embj.2019102541","article-title":"UHMK1 promotes gastric cancer progression through reprogramming nucleotide metabolism","volume":"39","author":"X Feng","year":"2020","journal-title":"EMBO J"},{"key":"pone.0236203.ref025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4285","DOI":"10.2174\/0929867311320340007","article-title":"On the physiological role of cytosolic 5'-nucleotidase II (cN-II): pathological and therapeutical implications","volume":"20","author":"MG Tozzi","year":"2013","journal-title":"Curr Med Chem"},{"key":"pone.0236203.ref026","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1606","DOI":"10.1002\/stem.3087","article-title":"HPRT and purine salvaging are critical for hematopoietic stem cell function","volume":"37","author":"M Vogel","year":"2019","journal-title":"Stem Cells"}],"container-title":["PLOS ONE"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0236203","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,11]],"date-time":"2020-11-11T13:38:41Z","timestamp":1605101921000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0236203"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"Tommaso","family":"Lomonaco","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"editor"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,11]]},"references-count":26,"journal-issue":{"issue":"11","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,11]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0236203","relation":{"has-preprint":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1101\/2020.07.02.184218","asserted-by":"object"}]},"ISSN":["1932-6203"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1932-6203","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,11]]}}}