{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,12]],"date-time":"2026-01-12T06:54:03Z","timestamp":1768200843708,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":73,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,13]],"date-time":"2020-08-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1597276800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Medical Practice Plan"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosone.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS ONE"],"DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0237442","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,13]],"date-time":"2020-08-13T18:54:09Z","timestamp":1597344849000},"page":"e0237442","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Genome-wide gene expression analysis of a murine model of prostate cancer progression: Deciphering the roles of IL-6 and p38 MAPK as potential therapeutic targets"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Reem","family":"Daouk","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3799-2595","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Hisham F.","family":"Bahmad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Eman","family":"Saleh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alissar","family":"Monzer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Farah","family":"Ballout","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Humam","family":"Kadara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Wassim","family":"Abou-Kheir","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,13]]},"reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0237442.ref001","first-page":"7","article-title":"Cancer statistics, 2018","volume":"68","author":"RL Siegel","year":"2018","journal-title":"CA: a cancer journal for clinicians"},{"key":"pone.0237442.ref002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11906","DOI":"10.1038\/ncomms11906","article-title":"Targeted proteomics identifies liquid-biopsy signatures for extracapsular prostate cancer","volume":"7","author":"Y Kim","year":"2016","journal-title":"Nature communications"},{"issue":"3","key":"pone.0237442.ref003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"288","DOI":"10.5534\/wjmh.180040","article-title":"Role of Androgen Receptor in Prostate Cancer: A Review","volume":"37","author":"K Fujita","year":"2019","journal-title":"World J Mens Health"},{"issue":"10","key":"pone.0237442.ref004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e13500","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0013500","article-title":"Bypass mechanisms of the androgen receptor pathway in therapy-resistant prostate cancer cell models","volume":"5","author":"RB Marques","year":"2010","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"22","key":"pone.0237442.ref005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1665","DOI":"10.1093\/jnci\/djr362","article-title":"Novel therapies for metastatic castrate-resistant prostate cancer","volume":"103","author":"F Dayyani","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Natl Cancer Inst"},{"issue":"3","key":"pone.0237442.ref006","first-page":"202","article-title":"Epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT) in prostate growth and tumor progression","volume":"2","author":"CM Grant","year":"2013","journal-title":"Transl Androl Urol"},{"issue":"10","key":"pone.0237442.ref007","article-title":"The Role and Mechanism of Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition in Prostate Cancer Progression","volume":"18","author":"UG Lo","year":"2017","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"issue":"20","key":"pone.0237442.ref008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"28961","DOI":"10.18632\/oncotarget.8436","article-title":"Primary versus castration-resistant prostate cancer: modeling through novel murine prostate cancer cell lines","volume":"7","author":"G Daoud","year":"2016","journal-title":"Oncotarget"},{"issue":"Pt 19","key":"pone.0237442.ref009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4325","DOI":"10.1242\/jcs.02552","article-title":"Epithelial-mesenchymal transition","volume":"118","author":"DC Radisky","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Cell Sci"},{"key":"pone.0237442.ref010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"145","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2017.00145","article-title":"Prostate Cancer and Aspirin Use: Synopsis of the Proposed Molecular Mechanisms","volume":"8","author":"N Bilani","year":"2017","journal-title":"Frontiers in pharmacology"},{"issue":"6","key":"pone.0237442.ref011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"986","DOI":"10.1111\/bju.12452","article-title":"Inflammation and prostate cancer: the role of interleukin 6 (IL-6)","volume":"113","author":"DP Nguyen","year":"2014","journal-title":"BJU international"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0237442.ref012","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"199","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2559.2011.04033.x","article-title":"Prostate cancer and inflammation: the evidence","volume":"60","author":"KS Sfanos","year":"2012","journal-title":"Histopathology"},{"issue":"3","key":"pone.0237442.ref013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers10030083","article-title":"The Complex Interplay between Chronic Inflammation, the Microbiome, and Cancer: Understanding Disease Progression and What We Can Do to Prevent It","volume":"10","author":"H Armstrong","year":"2018","journal-title":"Cancers"},{"issue":"9\u201310","key":"pone.0237442.ref014","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"342","DOI":"10.1177\/1947601913507951","article-title":"Role of p38 MAP Kinase Signal Transduction in Solid Tumors","volume":"4","author":"HK Koul","year":"2013","journal-title":"Genes & cancer"},{"key":"pone.0237442.ref015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1155\/2012\/169170","article-title":"MAP Kinases and Prostate Cancer","volume":"2012","author":"G Rodr\u00edguez-Berriguete","year":"2012","journal-title":"Journal of Signal Transduction"},{"issue":"10","key":"pone.0237442.ref016","first-page":"1279","article-title":"TNF-alpha\/IL-1\/NF-kappaB transduction pathway in human cancer prostate","volume":"23","author":"M Royuela","year":"2008","journal-title":"Histology and histopathology"},{"issue":"5","key":"pone.0237442.ref017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"209","DOI":"10.1186\/bcr2361","article-title":"Key signalling nodes in mammary gland development and cancer. Mitogen-activated protein kinase signalling in experimental models of breast cancer progression and in mammary gland development","volume":"11","author":"J Whyte","year":"2009","journal-title":"Breast Cancer Research"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0237442.ref018","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.1128\/MCB.19.1.21","article-title":"Regulation of the MEF2 family of transcription factors by p38","volume":"19","author":"M Zhao","year":"1999","journal-title":"Molecular and cellular biology"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0237442.ref019","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"44","DOI":"10.7150\/ijbs.5.44","article-title":"Non-classical p38 map kinase functions: cell cycle checkpoints and survival","volume":"5","author":"TM Thornton","year":"2009","journal-title":"International journal of biological sciences"},{"issue":"11","key":"pone.0237442.ref020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1850","DOI":"10.5858\/133.11.1850","article-title":"p38 Mitogen-activated protein kinase and hematologic malignancies","volume":"133","author":"Y Feng","year":"2009","journal-title":"Archives of pathology & laboratory medicine"},{"issue":"3","key":"pone.0237442.ref021","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1019","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2002-11-3507","article-title":"MEK\/ERK pathway is aberrantly active in Hodgkin disease: a signaling pathway shared by CD30, CD40, and RANK that regulates cell proliferation and survival","volume":"102","author":"B Zheng","year":"2003","journal-title":"Blood"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0237442.ref022","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"375","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2407-8-375","article-title":"Increased p38-MAPK is responsible for chemotherapy resistance in human gastric cancer cells","volume":"8","author":"X Guo","year":"2008","journal-title":"BMC cancer"},{"issue":"3","key":"pone.0237442.ref023","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"437","DOI":"10.1007\/s00432-009-0674-5","article-title":"P53 and p38 MAPK pathways are involved in MONCPT-induced cell cycle G2\/M arrest in human non-small cell lung cancer A549","volume":"136","author":"C Zhang","year":"2010","journal-title":"Journal of cancer research and clinical oncology"},{"issue":"3","key":"pone.0237442.ref024","first-page":"401","article-title":"The p38 transduction pathway in prostatic neoplasia. The Journal of Pathology","volume":"208","author":"M Ricote","year":"2006","journal-title":"A Journal of the Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland"},{"issue":"3","key":"pone.0237442.ref025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"841","DOI":"10.1124\/jpet.107.135442","article-title":"Protoapigenone, a novel flavonoid, induces apoptosis in human prostate cancer cells through activation of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase and c-Jun NH2-terminal kinase 1\/2","volume":"325","author":"H-L Chang","year":"2008","journal-title":"Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0237442.ref026","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-079X.2009.00682.x","article-title":"Melatonin induces apoptotic death in LNCaP cells via p38 and JNK pathways: therapeutic implications for prostate cancer","volume":"47","author":"SS Joo","year":"2009","journal-title":"Journal of pineal research"},{"issue":"11","key":"pone.0237442.ref027","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3539","DOI":"10.1158\/1535-7163.MCT-08-0512","article-title":"Carprofen induction of p75NTR-dependent apoptosis via the p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway in prostate cancer cells","volume":"7","author":"FS Khwaja","year":"2008","journal-title":"Molecular cancer therapeutics"},{"issue":"4","key":"pone.0237442.ref028","first-page":"415","article-title":"Molecular roles of MAP kinases and FADD phosphorylation in prostate cancer","volume":"21","author":"K Shimada","year":"2006","journal-title":"Histology and histopathology"},{"issue":"5","key":"pone.0237442.ref029","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1121","DOI":"10.1093\/carcin\/bgs146","article-title":"Proanthocyanidins from grape seeds inhibit expression of matrix metalloproteinases in human prostate carcinoma cells, which is associated with the inhibition of activation of MAPK and NF kappa B (Retraction of vol 25, pg 987, 2004)","volume":"33","author":"P Vayalil","year":"2012","journal-title":"Carcinogenesis"},{"issue":"4","key":"pone.0237442.ref030","first-page":"271","article-title":"The role of mitogen-activated protein kinase cascades in inhibition of proliferation in human prostate carcinoma cells by raloxifene: an in vitro experiment","volume":"88","author":"Y Zhang","year":"2008","journal-title":"Zhonghua yi xue za zhi"},{"issue":"6","key":"pone.0237442.ref031","first-page":"1773","article-title":"Interleukin-6 induces androgen responsiveness in prostate cancer cells through up-regulation of androgen receptor expression","volume":"7","author":"D-L Lin","year":"2001","journal-title":"Clinical Cancer Research"},{"issue":"16","key":"pone.0237442.ref032","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1781","DOI":"10.1002\/pros.21029","article-title":"Adiponectin increases motility of human prostate cancer cells via adipoR, p38, AMPK, and NF-\u03baB pathways","volume":"69","author":"CH Tang","year":"2009","journal-title":"The Prostate"},{"issue":"16","key":"pone.0237442.ref033","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1141","DOI":"10.1093\/jnci\/djp227","article-title":"MEK4 function, genistein treatment, and invasion of human prostate cancer cells","volume":"101","author":"L Xu","year":"2009","journal-title":"JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute"},{"issue":"2","key":"pone.0237442.ref034","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"249","DOI":"10.1093\/biostatistics\/4.2.249","article-title":"Exploration, normalization, and summaries of high density oligonucleotide array probe level data","volume":"4","author":"RA Irizarry","year":"2003","journal-title":"Biostatistics (Oxford, England)"},{"key":"pone.0237442.ref035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"117693510700300022","DOI":"10.1177\/117693510700300022","article-title":"Analysis of gene expression data using BRB-array tools","volume":"3","author":"R Simon","year":"2007","journal-title":"Cancer informatics"},{"key":"pone.0237442.ref036","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"207","DOI":"10.3389\/fonc.2019.00207","article-title":"Genome-Wide and Phenotypic Evaluation of Stem Cell Progenitors Derived From Gprc5a-Deficient Murine Lung Adenocarcinoma With Somatic Kras Mutations","volume":"9","author":"R Daouk","year":"2019","journal-title":"Front Oncol"},{"issue":"7","key":"pone.0237442.ref037","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e11847","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0011847","article-title":"Comparative functional genomics analysis of NNK tobacco-carcinogen induced lung adenocarcinoma development in Gprc5a-knockout mice","volume":"5","author":"J Fujimoto","year":"2010","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"10","key":"pone.0237442.ref038","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e26112","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0026112","article-title":"Self-renewing Pten-\/-TP53-\/-protospheres produce metastatic adenocarcinoma cell lines with multipotent progenitor activity","volume":"6","author":"W Abou-Kheir","year":"2011","journal-title":"PloS one"},{"issue":"16","key":"pone.0237442.ref039","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11153","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M113.540237","article-title":"The mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinases p38 and extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) are involved in hepatocyte-mediated phenotypic switching in prostate cancer cells","volume":"289","author":"B Ma","year":"2014","journal-title":"The Journal of biological chemistry"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0237442.ref040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"285","DOI":"10.1124\/jpet.110.165498","article-title":"Identification of beta-escin as a novel inhibitor of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3\/Janus-activated kinase 2 signaling pathway that suppresses proliferation and induces apoptosis in human hepatocellular carcinoma cells","volume":"334","author":"SM Tan","year":"2010","journal-title":"The Journal of pharmacology and experimental therapeutics"},{"key":"pone.0237442.ref041","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"347","DOI":"10.3389\/fonc.2018.00347","article-title":"Sphere-Formation Assay: Three-Dimensional in vitro Culturing of Prostate Cancer Stem\/Progenitor Sphere-Forming Cells","volume":"8","author":"HF Bahmad","year":"2018","journal-title":"Frontiers in oncology"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0237442.ref042","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"207","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/30.1.207","article-title":"Gene Expression Omnibus: NCBI gene expression and hybridization array data repository","volume":"30","author":"R Edgar","year":"2002","journal-title":"Nucleic acids research"},{"issue":"4","key":"pone.0237442.ref043","first-page":"679","article-title":"CD40 expression in prostate cancer: a potential diagnostic and therapeutic molecule","volume":"12","author":"DH Palmer","year":"2004","journal-title":"Oncol Rep"},{"issue":"44","key":"pone.0237442.ref044","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"18757","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0910218106","article-title":"Microsomal prostaglandin E synthase 1 determines tumor growth in vivo of prostate and lung cancer cells","volume":"106","author":"H Hanaka","year":"2009","journal-title":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America"},{"key":"pone.0237442.ref045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"168","DOI":"10.1186\/s12885-016-2192-6","article-title":"Vimentin and Ki67 expression in circulating tumour cells derived from castrate-resistant prostate cancer","volume":"16","author":"CR Lindsay","year":"2016","journal-title":"BMC Cancer"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0237442.ref046","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"103","DOI":"10.1007\/s11845-016-1492-9","article-title":"The association between MMP2 \u22121306 C > T (rs243865) polymorphism and risk of prostate cancer","volume":"186","author":"L Shajarehpoor Salavati","year":"2017","journal-title":"Irish Journal of Medical Science (1971 -)"},{"issue":"3","key":"pone.0237442.ref047","first-page":"239","article-title":"TGF-\u03b2 induction of FGF-2 expression in stromal cells requires integrated smad3 and MAPK pathways","volume":"2","author":"DW Strand","year":"2014","journal-title":"American journal of clinical and experimental urology"},{"issue":"2","key":"pone.0237442.ref048","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"210","DOI":"10.1002\/pros.22742","article-title":"Distribution of metastatic sites in patients with prostate cancer: A population-based analysis","volume":"74","author":"G Gandaglia","year":"2014","journal-title":"Prostate"},{"issue":"6","key":"pone.0237442.ref049","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"859","DOI":"10.1007\/s00345-016-1939-7","article-title":"Prostate cancer trends in Asia","volume":"35","author":"H Akaza","year":"2017","journal-title":"World journal of urology"},{"issue":"9","key":"pone.0237442.ref050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.1007\/s11934-018-0826-8","article-title":"Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer: Sequencing Oral and Infusion Agents","volume":"19","author":"SB Starosta","year":"2018","journal-title":"Current urology reports"},{"issue":"43","key":"pone.0237442.ref051","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15545","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0506580102","article-title":"Gene set enrichment analysis: A knowledge-based approach for interpreting genome-wide expression profiles","volume":"102","author":"A Subramanian","year":"2005","journal-title":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences"},{"issue":"2","key":"pone.0237442.ref052","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"105","DOI":"10.1016\/j.semcancer.2003.09.015","article-title":"Oncogenic Ras and its role in tumor cell invasion and metastasis","volume":"14","author":"PM Campbell","year":"2004","journal-title":"Seminars in cancer biology"},{"issue":"17","key":"pone.0237442.ref053","first-page":"5454","article-title":"p38 kinase is a key signaling molecule for H-Ras-induced cell motility and invasive phenotype in human breast epithelial cells","volume":"63","author":"MS Kim","year":"2003","journal-title":"Cancer research"},{"issue":"2","key":"pone.0237442.ref054","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"239","DOI":"10.1016\/j.canlet.2004.05.023","article-title":"ERK1\/2 and p38 pathways are required for P2Y receptor-mediated prostate cancer invasion","volume":"215","author":"L Chen","year":"2004","journal-title":"Cancer letters"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0237442.ref055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1186\/s40880-017-0203-x","article-title":"Down-regulation of E-cadherin enhances prostate cancer chemoresistance via Notch signaling","volume":"36","author":"W Wang","year":"2017","journal-title":"Chinese journal of cancer"},{"issue":"15","key":"pone.0237442.ref056","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"25115","DOI":"10.18632\/oncotarget.15931","article-title":"TMPRSS2:ERG gene fusion variants induce TGF-\u03b2 signaling and epithelial to mesenchymal transition in human prostate cancer cells","volume":"8","author":"L Ratz","year":"2017","journal-title":"Oncotarget"},{"issue":"46","key":"pone.0237442.ref057","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5977","DOI":"10.1038\/onc.2016.203","article-title":"Phosphorylation of serine 367 of FOXC2 by p38 regulates ZEB1 and breast cancer metastasis, without impacting primary tumor growth","volume":"35","author":"SJ Werden","year":"2016","journal-title":"Oncogene"},{"issue":"7","key":"pone.0237442.ref058","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2479","DOI":"10.1158\/0008-5472.CAN-07-2559","article-title":"Insulin-like growth factor-I-dependent up-regulation of ZEB1 drives epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition in human prostate cancer cells","volume":"68","author":"TR Graham","year":"2008","journal-title":"Cancer research"},{"issue":"3","key":"pone.0237442.ref059","article-title":"Profiling Prostate Cancer Therapeutic Resistance","volume":"19","author":"CA Wade","year":"2018","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"issue":"9","key":"pone.0237442.ref060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2829","DOI":"10.1002\/art.20437","article-title":"Up-regulation of microsomal prostaglandin E synthase 1 in osteoarthritic human cartilage: critical roles of the ERK-1\/2 and p38 signaling pathways","volume":"50","author":"K Masuko-Hongo","year":"2004","journal-title":"Arthritis and rheumatism"},{"issue":"8","key":"pone.0237442.ref061","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"844","DOI":"10.1002\/glia.20658","article-title":"Regulation of prostaglandin E2 synthase expression in activated primary rat microglia: evidence for uncoupled regulation of mPGES-1 and COX-2","volume":"56","author":"AC de Oliveira","year":"2008","journal-title":"Glia"},{"issue":"7","key":"pone.0237442.ref062","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"578","DOI":"10.1593\/neo.06280","article-title":"CCL2 is a potent regulator of prostate cancer cell migration and proliferation","volume":"8","author":"RD Loberg","year":"2006","journal-title":"Neoplasia"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0237442.ref063","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cytogfr.2009.11.009","article-title":"CC chemokine ligand 2 (CCL2) promotes prostate cancer tumorigenesis and metastasis","volume":"21","author":"J Zhang","year":"2010","journal-title":"Cytokine Growth Factor Rev"},{"issue":"2","key":"pone.0237442.ref064","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"276","DOI":"10.1210\/er.2002-0032","article-title":"Androgen receptor in prostate cancer","volume":"25","author":"CA Heinlein","year":"2004","journal-title":"Endocr Rev"},{"issue":"8","key":"pone.0237442.ref065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4516","DOI":"10.1158\/0008-5472.CAN-05-3796","article-title":"Inhibition of p38 by vitamin D reduces interleukin-6 production in normal prostate cells via mitogen-activated protein kinase phosphatase 5: implications for prostate cancer prevention by vitamin D","volume":"66","author":"L Nonn","year":"2006","journal-title":"Cancer research"},{"issue":"46","key":"pone.0237442.ref066","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5963","DOI":"10.1038\/onc.2015.498","article-title":"Inhibition of FOXC2 restores epithelial phenotype and drug sensitivity in prostate cancer cells with stem-cell properties","volume":"35","author":"AN Paranjape","year":"2016","journal-title":"Oncogene"},{"issue":"5","key":"pone.0237442.ref067","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1524","DOI":"10.1111\/cas.13586","article-title":"Tumor necrosis factor-alpha induces prostate cancer cell migration in lymphatic metastasis through CCR7 upregulation","volume":"109","author":"A Maolake","year":"2018","journal-title":"Cancer science"},{"issue":"4","key":"pone.0237442.ref068","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"711","DOI":"10.1007\/s10616-017-0079-2","article-title":"Differential effects of p38 MAP kinase inhibitors SB203580 and SB202190 on growth and migration of human MDA-MB-231 cancer cell line","volume":"69","author":"A D\u00fczg\u00fcn \u015e","year":"2017","journal-title":"Cytotechnology"},{"issue":"3","key":"pone.0237442.ref069","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"678","DOI":"10.1111\/cas.13493","article-title":"Interleukin-6\/signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 promotes prostate cancer resistance to androgen deprivation therapy via regulating pituitary tumor transforming gene 1 expression","volume":"109","author":"S Huang","year":"2018","journal-title":"Cancer science"},{"issue":"12","key":"pone.0237442.ref070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2129","DOI":"10.1002\/stem.538","article-title":"Characterizing the contribution of stem\/progenitor cells to tumorigenesis in the Pten-\/-TP53-\/- prostate cancer model","volume":"28","author":"WG Abou-Kheir","year":"2010","journal-title":"Stem cells (Dayton, Ohio)"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0237442.ref071","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1242\/jcs.200550","article-title":"Goodbye flat biology\u2014time for the 3rd and the 4th dimensions","volume":"130","author":"MJ Bissell","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Cell Sci"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0237442.ref072","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"203","DOI":"10.1242\/jcs.188102","article-title":"Comparison of cancer cells in 2D vs 3D culture reveals differences in AKT-mTOR-S6K signaling and drug responses","volume":"130","author":"A Riedl","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Cell Sci"},{"key":"pone.0237442.ref073","first-page":"201018898","article-title":"Inducible formation of breast cancer stem cells and their dynamic equilibrium with non-stem cancer cells via IL6 secretion","author":"D Iliopoulos","year":"2011","journal-title":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences"}],"container-title":["PLOS ONE"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0237442","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,28]],"date-time":"2021-03-28T09:59:14Z","timestamp":1616925554000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0237442"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"Zoran","family":"Culig","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"editor","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,13]]},"references-count":73,"journal-issue":{"issue":"8","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,13]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0237442","relation":{},"ISSN":["1932-6203"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1932-6203","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,13]]}}}