{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,22]],"date-time":"2026-10-22T07:20:22Z","timestamp":1792653622581,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":19,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,12]],"date-time":"2020-10-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1602460800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000009","name":"Foundation for the National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["AI137412"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["AI137412"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000009","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000009","name":"Foundation for the National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["AI123651"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["AI123651"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000009","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosone.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS ONE"],"DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0239089","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,12]],"date-time":"2020-10-12T17:29:02Z","timestamp":1602523742000},"page":"e0239089","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["The impact of in vitro cultivation on the natural life cycle of the tick-borne relapsing fever spirochete Borrelia turicatae"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Aparna","family":"Krishnavajhala","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Brittany A.","family":"Armstrong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4802-5779","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Job E.","family":"Lopez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"pone.0239089.ref001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"449viii","DOI":"10.1016\/j.idc.2008.03.006","article-title":"Tick-borne relapsing fever","volume":"22","author":"MS Dworkin","year":"2008","journal-title":"Infect Dis Clin North Am"},{"key":"pone.0239089.ref002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"677","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ttbdis.2017.03.008","article-title":"Transmission of Borrelia miyamotoi sensu lato relapsing fever group spirochetes in relation to duration of attachment by Ixodes scapularis nymphs","volume":"8","author":"NE Breuner","year":"2017","journal-title":"Ticks Tick Borne Dis"},{"key":"pone.0239089.ref003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"475","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.26.3.475-478.1988","article-title":"Plasmid analysis of Borrelia burgdorferi, the Lyme disease agent","volume":"26","author":"AG Barbour","year":"1988","journal-title":"J Clin Microbiol"},{"key":"pone.0239089.ref004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1831","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.56.8.1831-1836.1988","article-title":"Changes in infectivity and plasmid profile of the Lyme disease spirochete, Borrelia burgdorferi, as a result of in vitro cultivation","volume":"56","author":"TG Schwan","year":"1988","journal-title":"Infect Immun"},{"key":"pone.0239089.ref005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"490","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2958.2000.01698.x","article-title":"A bacterial genome in flux: the twelve linear and nine circular extrachromosomal DNAs in an infectious isolate of the Lyme disease spirochete Borrelia burgdorferi","volume":"35","author":"S Casjens","year":"2000","journal-title":"Mol Microbiol"},{"key":"pone.0239089.ref006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"165","DOI":"10.1186\/s12864-017-3553-5","article-title":"Plasmid diversity and phylogenetic consistency in the Lyme disease agent Borrelia burgdorferi","volume":"18","author":"SR Casjens","year":"2017","journal-title":"BMC Genomics"},{"key":"pone.0239089.ref007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"443","DOI":"10.1126\/science.173.3995.443","article-title":"Cultivation of Borrelia hermsi","volume":"173","author":"R Kelly","year":"1971","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"pone.0239089.ref008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1000185","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pgen.1000185","article-title":"The genome of Borrelia recurrentis, the agent of deadly louse-borne relapsing fever, is a degraded subset of tick-borne Borrelia duttonii","volume":"4","author":"M Lescot","year":"2008","journal-title":"PLoS Genet"},{"key":"pone.0239089.ref009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3723","DOI":"10.1128\/JB.00118-12","article-title":"Complete genome sequence of Borrelia crocidurae","volume":"194","author":"H Elbir","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Bacteriol"},{"key":"pone.0239089.ref010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3851","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.43.8.3851-3859.2005","article-title":"Phylogenetic analysis of the spirochetes Borrelia parkeri and Borrelia turicatae and the potential for tick-borne relapsing fever in Florida","volume":"43","author":"TG Schwan","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Clin Microbiol"},{"key":"pone.0239089.ref011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"813","DOI":"10.1089\/vbz.2008.0033","article-title":"Relapsing fever spirochetes retain infectivity after prolonged in vitro cultivation","volume":"8","author":"JE Lopez","year":"2008","journal-title":"Vector Borne Zoonotic Dis"},{"key":"pone.0239089.ref012","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"155","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.mi.44.100190.001103","article-title":"Antigenic variation of a relapsing fever Borrelia species","volume":"44","author":"AG Barbour","year":"1990","journal-title":"Annu Rev Microbiol"},{"key":"pone.0239089.ref013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e2767","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0002767","article-title":"Transmission dynamics of Borrelia turicatae from the arthropod vector","volume":"8","author":"WK Boyle","year":"2014","journal-title":"PLoS Negl Trop Dis"},{"key":"pone.0239089.ref014","first-page":"69","article-title":"A system for site-specific genetic manipulation of the relapsing fever spirochete Borrelia hermsii","volume":"431","author":"JM Battisti","year":"2008","journal-title":"Methods Mol Biol"},{"key":"pone.0239089.ref015","first-page":"521","article-title":"Isolation and cultivation of Lyme disease spirochetes","volume":"57","author":"AG Barbour","year":"1984","journal-title":"Yale J Biol Med"},{"key":"pone.0239089.ref016","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6647","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.73.10.6647-6658.2005","article-title":"Variable tick protein in two genomic groups of the relapsing fever spirochete Borrelia hermsii in western North America","volume":"73","author":"SF Porcella","year":"2005","journal-title":"Infect Immun"},{"key":"pone.0239089.ref017","article-title":"Imaging Borrelia turicatae producing green fluorescent protein reveals persistent colonization of Ornithodoros turicata midgut and salivary glands from nymphal acquisition through transmission","author":"A Krishnavajhala","year":"2016","journal-title":"Appl Environ Microbiol"},{"key":"pone.0239089.ref018","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e2514","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0002514","article-title":"Development of genetic system to inactivate a Borrelia turicatae surface protein selectively produced within the salivary glands of the arthropod vector","volume":"7","author":"JE Lopez","year":"2013","journal-title":"PLoS Negl Trop Dis"},{"key":"pone.0239089.ref019","article-title":"Vector competence of geographical populations of Ornithodoros turicata for the tick-borne relapsing fever spirochete Borrelia turicatae","author":"A Krishnavajhala","year":"2018","journal-title":"Appl Environ Microbiol"}],"container-title":["PLOS ONE"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0239089","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,12]],"date-time":"2020-10-12T17:29:10Z","timestamp":1602523750000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0239089"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"Brian","family":"Stevenson","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"editor"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,12]]},"references-count":19,"journal-issue":{"issue":"10","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,12]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0239089","relation":{},"ISSN":["1932-6203"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1932-6203","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,12]]}}}