{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,27]],"date-time":"2026-08-27T01:00:36Z","timestamp":1787792436996,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,25]],"date-time":"2020-11-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1606262400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosone.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS ONE"],"abstract":"\n Purpose<\/jats:title>\n To investigate the corneal epithelial thickness topography with optical coherence tomography (OCT) and its relationship with vision quality in epithelial basement membrane dystrophy (EBMD).<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Methods<\/jats:title>\n 45 eyes of EBMD patients, 26 eyes of dry eye (DED) patients and 22 eyes of normal subjects were enrolled. All participants were subjected to 9-mm corneal epithelial mapping with OCT and vision quality was assessed with the optical quality analysis system using the objective scatter index (OSI). Central, superior, inferior, minimum, maximum, and standard deviation of epithelium thickness (Irregularity), were analysed and correlations with the OSI were calculated.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results<\/jats:title>\n \n The mean (\u00b1SD) central, inferior and maximum epithelial thicknesses of the EBMD patients (respectively, 56.4 (\u00b18.1) \u03bcm, 58.9 (\u00b16.4) \u03bcm, and 67.1 (\u00b18.3) \u03bcm) were thicker compared to DED patients (\n P<\/jats:italic>\n <0.05) and normal subjects (\n P<\/jats:italic>\n <0.05). We found greater irregularity of epithelial thickness in EBMD (5.1\u00b12.5 \u03bcm) compared to DED patients (2.6\u00b11.0 \u03bcm) (\n P =<\/jats:italic>\n 4.4.10\n \u22126<\/jats:sup>\n ) and normal subjects (2.1\u00b10.7 \u03bcm) (\n P =<\/jats:italic>\n 7.6.10\n \u22127<\/jats:sup>\n ). The mean OSI was worse in EBMD patients than in DED patients (\n P<\/jats:italic>\n = 0.01) and compared to normal subjects (\n P<\/jats:italic>\n = 0.02). The OSI correlated with the epithelial thickness irregularity (Spearman coefficient = 0.54;\n P<\/jats:italic>\n = 2.65.10\n \u22125<\/jats:sup>\n ).\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n The OCT pachymetry map demonstrated that EBMD patients had thicker corneal epithelium in the central and inferior region. These changes were correlated with objective measurements of vision quality. This OCT characterisation of the EMBD provides a better understanding of the epithelial behaviour in this dystrophy and its role in vision quality.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0239124","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,25]],"date-time":"2020-11-25T13:27:17Z","timestamp":1606310837000},"page":"e0239124","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":38,"title":["Assessment of corneal epithelial thickness mapping in epithelial basement membrane dystrophy"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"15","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4599-9749","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Juliette","family":"Buffault","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pierre","family":"Z\u00e9boulon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hong","family":"Liang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anthony","family":"Chiche","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jade","family":"Luzu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mathieu","family":"Robin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ghislaine","family":"Rabut","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marc","family":"Labetoulle","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Antoine","family":"Labb\u00e9","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christophe","family":"Baudouin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"pone.0239124.ref001","first-page":"488","article-title":"Microcystic corneal dystrophy","volume":"74","author":"PR Laibson","year":"1976","journal-title":"Trans Am Ophthalmol Soc"},{"key":"pone.0239124.ref002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"84","DOI":"10.1136\/bjo.60.2.84","article-title":"Recurrent erosion of the cornea","volume":"60","author":"N Brown","year":"1976","journal-title":"Br J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"pone.0239124.ref003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"401","DOI":"10.1136\/bjo.65.6.401","article-title":"Prevalence of map-dot-fingerprint changes in the cornea","volume":"65","author":"TP Werblin","year":"1981","journal-title":"British Journal of Ophthalmology"},{"key":"pone.0239124.ref004","first-page":"213","article-title":"Microcystic dystrophy of the corneal epithelium","volume":"62","author":"DG Cogan","year":"1964","journal-title":"Trans Am Ophthalmol Soc"},{"key":"pone.0239124.ref005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"117","DOI":"10.1097\/ICO.0000000000000307","article-title":"IC3D classification of corneal dystrophies\u2014edition 2","volume":"34","author":"JS Weiss","year":"2015","journal-title":"Cornea"},{"key":"pone.0239124.ref006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"318","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1755-3768.1988.tb04604.x","article-title":"Pathology and pathomechanisms of epithelial microcystic and basement membrane abnormalities of the cornea","volume":"66","author":"N Ehlers","year":"1988","journal-title":"Acta Ophthalmol (Copenh)"},{"key":"pone.0239124.ref007","first-page":"471","article-title":"Corneal epithelial basement membrane dystrophy: an overlooked cause of painless visual disturbances","volume":"24","author":"JW Reed","year":"1992","journal-title":"Ann Ophthalmol"},{"key":"pone.0239124.ref008","article-title":"Anterior Segment Optical Coherence Tomography for the Diagnosis of Corneal Dystrophies according to the IC3D Classification","author":"S Siebelmann","year":"2017","journal-title":"Surv Ophthalmol"},{"key":"pone.0239124.ref009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"755","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2015.01.003","article-title":"Fourier-Domain Optical Coherence Tomography Imaging in Corneal Epithelial Basement Membrane Dystrophy: A Structural Analysis","volume":"159","author":"M El Sanharawi","year":"2015","journal-title":"American Journal of Ophthalmology"},{"key":"pone.0239124.ref010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"388","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jfo.2014.10.015","article-title":"Imaging of corneal dystrophies: Correlations between en face anterior segment OCT and in vivo confocal microscopy","volume":"38","author":"W Ghouali","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Fr Ophtalmol"},{"key":"pone.0239124.ref011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2580","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.11-8981","article-title":"Reliability and reproducibility of assessment of corneal epithelial thickness by fourier domain optical coherence tomography","volume":"53","author":"G Prakash","year":"2012","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci"},{"key":"pone.0239124.ref012","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"360","DOI":"10.1097\/01.opx.0000221388.26031.23","article-title":"The Repeatability of Corneal and Corneal Epithelial Thickness Measurements Using Optical Coherence Tomography","volume":"83","author":"S Sin","year":"2006","journal-title":"Optometry and Vision Science"},{"key":"pone.0239124.ref013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"67","DOI":"10.1097\/ICO.0000000000001806","article-title":"Evaluation of the Repeatability and Reproducibility of Corneal Epithelial Thickness Mapping for a 9-mm Zone Using Optical Coherence Tomography","volume":"38","author":"JX Ma","year":"2019","journal-title":"Cornea"},{"key":"pone.0239124.ref014","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"300","DOI":"10.1136\/bjophthalmol-2015-307415","article-title":"Revisiting the vicious circle of dry eye disease: a focus on the pathophysiology of meibomian gland dysfunction","volume":"100","author":"C Baudouin","year":"2016","journal-title":"Br J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"pone.0239124.ref015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"276","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtos.2017.05.008","article-title":"TFOS DEWS II Definition and Classification Report","volume":"15","author":"JP Craig","year":"2017","journal-title":"Ocul Surf"},{"key":"pone.0239124.ref016","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.1016\/S1542-0124(12)70081-2","article-title":"The definition and classification of dry eye disease: report of the Definition and Classification Subcommittee of the International Dry Eye WorkShop (2007)","volume":"5","year":"2007","journal-title":"Ocul Surf"},{"key":"pone.0239124.ref017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1301","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2006.03.050","article-title":"Epithelial Basement Membrane Dystrophy: Evaluation with the HRT II Rostock Cornea Module","volume":"113","author":"A Labb\u00e9","year":"2006","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"key":"pone.0239124.ref018","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"565","DOI":"10.1016\/S0161-6420(99)00086-X","article-title":"In vivo confocal microscopy of patients with corneal recurrent erosion syndrome or epithelial basement membrane dystrophy11The authors have no proprietary interest in the equipment used in this study","volume":"107","author":"ME Rosenberg","year":"2000","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"key":"pone.0239124.ref019","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2425","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2012.06.023","article-title":"Corneal epithelial thickness mapping by Fourier-domain optical coherence tomography in normal and keratoconic eyes","volume":"119","author":"Y Li","year":"2012","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"key":"pone.0239124.ref020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"571","DOI":"10.3928\/1081597X-20080601-05","article-title":"Epithelial thickness in the normal cornea: three-dimensional display with Artemis very high-frequency digital ultrasound","volume":"24","author":"DZ Reinstein","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Refract Surg"},{"key":"pone.0239124.ref021","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"432","DOI":"10.1016\/S0161-6420(94)31314-5","article-title":"Corneal pachymetric topography","volume":"101","author":"DZ Reinstein","year":"1994","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"key":"pone.0239124.ref022","first-page":"2623719","article-title":"Differences in Central Corneal Thickness between Spectral Domain-Optical Coherence Tomography and Ultrasound Pachymetry in Patients with Dry Eye Disease","volume":"2016","author":"ARC Celebi","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"pone.0239124.ref023","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"925","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9394(75)90674-1","article-title":"Defective epithelial adhesion in anterior corneal dystrophies","volume":"79","author":"JA Fogle","year":"1975","journal-title":"Am J Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"4","key":"pone.0239124.ref024","first-page":"1","article-title":"Dystrophies corn\u00e9ennes","volume":"14","author":"J-L Bourges","year":"2017","journal-title":"EMC Ophtalmologie"},{"key":"pone.0239124.ref025","first-page":"93","article-title":"Oxygen levels beneath the closed eyelid","volume":"18","author":"N Efron","year":"1979","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci"},{"key":"pone.0239124.ref026","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2095","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2015.06.010","article-title":"Decreased Corneal Sensation and Subbasal Nerve Density, and Thinned Corneal Epithelium as a Result of 360-Degree Laser Retinopexy","volume":"122","author":"N Bouheraoua","year":"2015","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"key":"pone.0239124.ref027","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e16823","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0016823","article-title":"An Objective Scatter Index Based on Double-Pass Retinal Images of a Point Source to Classify Cataracts","volume":"6","author":"P Artal","year":"2011","journal-title":"PLOS ONE"},{"key":"pone.0239124.ref028","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0117587","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0117587","article-title":"Repeatability and reproducibility of a double-pass optical quality analysis device","volume":"10","author":"C-C Xu","year":"2015","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"key":"pone.0239124.ref029","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"675","DOI":"10.1097\/OPX.0b013e3181ea1ad3","article-title":"Intra- and intersession repeatability of a double-pass instrument","volume":"87","author":"M Vilaseca","year":"2010","journal-title":"Optom Vis Sci"},{"key":"pone.0239124.ref030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1167\/tvst.7.4.5","article-title":"Impact of Dry Eye Disease on Vision Quality: An Optical Quality Analysis System Study","volume":"7","author":"A Herbaut","year":"2018","journal-title":"Transl Vis Sci Technol"},{"key":"pone.0239124.ref031","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.2147\/OPTH.S122870","article-title":"Phototherapeutic keratectomy for epithelial basement membrane dystrophy","volume":"11","author":"W-S Lee","year":"2017","journal-title":"Clin Ophthalmol"},{"key":"pone.0239124.ref032","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1932","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcrs.2005.06.041","article-title":"Severe corneal epithelial sloughing during laser in situ keratomileusis as a presenting sign for silent epithelial basement membrane dystrophy","volume":"31","author":"JJ P\u00e9rez-Santonja","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Cataract Refract Surg"},{"key":"pone.0239124.ref033","first-page":"e137","article-title":"Epithelial basement membrane dystrophy diagnosed following LASIK surgery","volume":"36","author":"W Ghouali","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Fr Ophtalmol"},{"key":"pone.0239124.ref034","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2403","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2013.05.027","article-title":"Fourier-domain optical coherence tomography imaging in keratoconus: a corneal structural classification","volume":"120","author":"O Sandali","year":"2013","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"key":"pone.0239124.ref035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9116","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.11-7988","article-title":"Ocular surface epithelial thickness evaluation with spectral-domain optical coherence tomography","volume":"52","author":"M Francoz","year":"2011","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci"},{"key":"pone.0239124.ref036","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1628469","DOI":"10.1155\/2016\/1628469","article-title":"Ocular Surface Epithelial Thickness Evaluation in Dry Eye Patients: Clinical Correlations","volume":"2016","author":"Q Liang","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"pone.0239124.ref037","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1446","DOI":"10.1097\/OPX.0000000000000417","article-title":"Assessment of corneal epithelial thickness in dry eye patients","volume":"91","author":"X Cui","year":"2014","journal-title":"Optom Vis Sci"},{"key":"pone.0239124.ref038","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2013.08.025","article-title":"In vivo 3-dimensional corneal epithelial thickness mapping as an indicator of dry eye: preliminary clinical assessment","volume":"157","author":"AJ Kanellopoulos","year":"2014","journal-title":"Am J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"pone.0239124.ref039","article-title":"Assessment of Corneal and Tear Film Parameters in Rheumatoid Arthritis Patients Using Anterior Segment Spectral Domain Optical Coherence Tomography","volume":"1\u20137","author":"D El-Fayoumi","year":"2016","journal-title":"Ocul Immunol Inflamm"},{"key":"pone.0239124.ref040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"166","DOI":"10.1016\/j.exer.2009.03.003","article-title":"Corneal epithelial proliferation and thickness in a mouse model of dry eye","volume":"89","author":"C Fabiani","year":"2009","journal-title":"Exp Eye Res"},{"key":"pone.0239124.ref041","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"357","DOI":"10.1007\/s10384-016-0457-x","article-title":"Age-related differences in corneal epithelial thickness measurements with anterior segment optical coherence tomography","volume":"60","author":"BJ Kim","year":"2016","journal-title":"Jpn J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"pone.0239124.ref042","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5032","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.13-13831","article-title":"Age-related changes in human corneal epithelial thickness measured with anterior segment optical coherence tomography","volume":"55","author":"Y Yang","year":"2014","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci"}],"container-title":["PLOS ONE"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0239124","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,25]],"date-time":"2020-11-25T13:27:29Z","timestamp":1606310849000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0239124"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"Michele","family":"Madigan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"editor"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,25]]},"references-count":42,"journal-issue":{"issue":"11","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,25]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0239124","relation":{},"ISSN":["1932-6203"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1932-6203","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,25]]}}}