{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,6]],"date-time":"2026-07-06T10:43:11Z","timestamp":1783334591115,"version":"3.54.6"},"reference-count":51,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,5]],"date-time":"2020-10-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1601856000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosone.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS ONE"],"DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0239603","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,5]],"date-time":"2020-10-05T22:02:58Z","timestamp":1601935378000},"page":"e0239603","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":34,"title":["The prevalence and determinants of vitamin D deficiency in Indonesian infants at birth and six months of age"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"15","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3556-3028","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Vicka","family":"Oktaria","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stephen M.","family":"Graham","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rina","family":"Triasih","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yati","family":"Soenarto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5452-6601","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Julie E.","family":"Bines","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anne-Louise","family":"Ponsonby","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael W.","family":"Clarke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rizka","family":"Dinari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hera","family":"Nirwati","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Margaret","family":"Danchin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,5]]},"reference":[{"issue":"12","key":"pone.0239603.ref001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"986","DOI":"10.1016\/S2213-8587(17)30357-1","article-title":"Effect of vitamin D supplementation on non-skeletal disorders: a systematic review of meta-analyses and randomised trials","volume":"5","author":"P Autier","year":"2017","journal-title":"Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol"},{"key":"pone.0239603.ref002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"i6583","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.i6583","article-title":"Vitamin D supplementation to prevent acute respiratory tract infections: systematic review and meta-analysis of individual participant data","volume":"356","author":"AR Martineau","year":"2017","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"issue":"5","key":"pone.0239603.ref003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/nu10050640","article-title":"Associations of Maternal Vitamin D Deficiency with Pregnancy and Neonatal Complications in Developing Countries: A Systematic Review.","volume":"10","author":"P van der Pligt","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nutrients."},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0239603.ref004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e180","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2010-0442","article-title":"Cord-blood 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels and risk of respiratory infection, wheezing, and asthma","volume":"127","author":"CA Camargo","year":"2011","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"pone.0239603.ref005","article-title":"Vitamin D supplementation to prevent asthma exacerbations: a systematic review and meta-analysis of individual participant data","author":"DA Jolliffe","year":"2017","journal-title":"Lancet Respir Med"},{"issue":"3","key":"pone.0239603.ref006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"142","DOI":"10.5694\/mja11.11592","article-title":"Vitamin D and health in pregnancy, infants, children and adolescents in Australia and New Zealand: a position statement.","volume":"198","author":"GA Paxton","year":"2013","journal-title":"Med J Aust."},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0239603.ref007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e134","DOI":"10.1016\/S2214-109X(19)30457-7","article-title":"Prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in Africa: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"8","author":"RM Mogire","year":"2020","journal-title":"Lancet Glob Health."},{"issue":"10","key":"pone.0239603.ref008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1541","DOI":"10.1007\/s00431-018-3210-2","article-title":"Prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in cord blood of newborns and the association with maternal vitamin D status","volume":"177","author":"K Ariyawatkul","year":"2018","journal-title":"Eur J Pediatr"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0239603.ref009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e47","DOI":"10.1016\/S2214-109X(18)30408-X","article-title":"Global, regional, and national estimates of pneumonia morbidity and mortality in children younger than 5 years between 2000 and 2015: a systematic analysis","volume":"7","author":"DA McAllister","year":"2019","journal-title":"The Lancet Global Health"},{"issue":"9966","key":"pone.0239603.ref010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"430","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(14)61698-6","article-title":"Global, regional, and national causes of child mortality in 2000\u201313, with projections to inform post-2015 priorities: an updated systematic analysis","volume":"385","author":"L Liu","year":"2015","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"pone.0239603.ref011","article-title":"Global, regional, and national estimates of pneumonia morbidity and mortality in children younger than 5 years between 2000 and 2015: a systematic analysis","author":"DA McAllister","year":"2018","journal-title":"Lancet Glob Health"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0239603.ref012","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"34","DOI":"10.4161\/derm.24054","article-title":"Vitamin D status and sun exposure in southeast Asia.","volume":"5","author":"H Nimitphong","year":"2013","journal-title":"Dermatoendocrinol."},{"issue":"3","key":"pone.0239603.ref013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"372","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3476(85)80509-6","article-title":"Sunshine exposure and serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentrations in exclusively breast-fed infants","volume":"107","author":"BL Specker","year":"1985","journal-title":"J Pediatr"},{"issue":"3\u20134","key":"pone.0239603.ref014","first-page":"63","article-title":"Problems of neonatal jaundice in Indonesia. The incidence and etiological factors in the Dr Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital Jakarta.","volume":"19","author":"HE Monintja","year":"1979","journal-title":"Paediatr Indones."},{"issue":"3","key":"pone.0239603.ref015","first-page":"131","article-title":"The Effect of Morning Sun Exposure to Decreasing Level of Jaundice Skin in Physiological Jaundice.","volume":"XXII","author":"R Puspitosari","year":"2006","journal-title":"Jurnal Kedokteran Brawijaya"},{"issue":"2","key":"pone.0239603.ref016","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"190","DOI":"10.1136\/archdischild-2014-307214","article-title":"Sunshine and vitamin D","volume":"101","author":"V Saraff","year":"2016","journal-title":"Arch Dis Child"},{"issue":"Suppl 2","key":"pone.0239603.ref017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"V28","DOI":"10.1359\/jbmr.07s211","article-title":"Vitamin D and skin physiology: a D-lightful story","volume":"22","author":"MF Holick","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Bone Miner Res"},{"issue":"11\u201312","key":"pone.0239603.ref018","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"594","DOI":"10.5694\/j.1326-5377.2002.tb04979.x","article-title":"Ultraviolet radiation and health: friend and foe.","volume":"177","author":"RM Lucas","year":"2002","journal-title":"Med J Aust"},{"issue":"3","key":"pone.0239603.ref019","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"714","DOI":"10.1111\/php.12043","article-title":"Constitutive and relative facultative skin pigmentation among Victorian children including comparison of two visual skin charts for determining constitutive melanin density","volume":"89","author":"A Pezic","year":"2013","journal-title":"Photochem Photobiol"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0239603.ref020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1031","DOI":"10.1007\/s11306-013-0518-9","article-title":"Optimized 25-hydroxyvitamin D analysis using liquid\u2013liquid extraction with 2D separation with LC\/MS\/MS detection, provides superior precision compared to conventional assays.","volume":"9","author":"M Clarke","year":"2013","journal-title":"Metabolomics"},{"issue":"Pt B","key":"pone.0239603.ref021","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"445","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsbmb.2014.08.018","article-title":"Environmental and genetic determinants of vitamin D insufficiency in 12-month-old infants","volume":"144","author":"NH Suaini","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol"},{"key":"pone.0239603.ref022","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"162","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsbmb.2016.12.006","article-title":"Vitamin D metabolite concentrations in umbilical cord blood serum and associations with clinical characteristics in a large prospective mother-infant cohort in Ireland","volume":"167","author":"Kiely M","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol"},{"key":"pone.0239603.ref023","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2393-7-1","article-title":"Vitamin D status in mothers and their newborns in Iran.","volume":"7","author":"Z Maghbooli","year":"2007","journal-title":"BMC Pregnancy Childbirth"},{"issue":"4","key":"pone.0239603.ref024","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"647","DOI":"10.1111\/mcn.12210","article-title":"Global summary of maternal and newborn vitamin D status\u2014a systematic review.","volume":"12","author":"R Saraf","year":"2016","journal-title":"Matern Child Nutr."},{"key":"pone.0239603.ref025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2018.00009","article-title":"Maternal and Cord Blood Vitamin D Status and Anthropometric Measurements in Term Newborns at Birth.","volume":"9","author":"R Wierzejska","year":"2018","journal-title":"Front Endocrinol (Lausanne)."},{"issue":"5","key":"pone.0239603.ref026","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"616","DOI":"10.1080\/01443615.2017.1396299","article-title":"Vitamin D deficiency in pregnant women and newborns in Lagos, Nigeria.","volume":"38","author":"E Owie","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Obstet Gynaecol"},{"issue":"7","key":"pone.0239603.ref027","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1051","DOI":"10.1017\/S0007114510001674","article-title":"Vitamin D status of newborns in New Zealand","volume":"104","author":"CA Camargo","year":"2010","journal-title":"Br J Nutr"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0239603.ref028","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"208","DOI":"10.1186\/s12887-016-0741-4","article-title":"Prevalence and risk factors for vitamin D insufficiency and deficiency at birth and associated outcome","volume":"16","author":"I Marshall","year":"2016","journal-title":"BMC Pediatr"},{"issue":"Suppl 1","key":"pone.0239603.ref029","first-page":"S68","article-title":"Vitamin D status in under-five children with a history of close tuberculosis contact in Padang, West Sumatra.","volume":"26","author":"FF Yani","year":"2017","journal-title":"Asia Pac J Clin Nutr."},{"issue":"4","key":"pone.0239603.ref030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"405","DOI":"10.1136\/archdischild-2017-313934","article-title":"Breastfeeding and vitamin D","volume":"103","author":"CE Uzoigwe","year":"2018","journal-title":"Arch Dis Child"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0239603.ref031","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"209","DOI":"10.1186\/s12884-019-2306-7","article-title":"Optimizing ultraviolet B radiation exposure to prevent vitamin D deficiency among pregnant women in the tropical zone: report from cohort study on vitamin D status and its impact during pregnancy in Indonesia.","volume":"19","author":"RTD Judistiani","year":"2019","journal-title":"BMC Pregnancy Childbirth"},{"issue":"3","key":"pone.0239603.ref032","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"266","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra070553","article-title":"Vitamin D deficiency","volume":"357","author":"MF Holick","year":"2007","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0239603.ref033","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"92","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2010-1079","article-title":"New insights about infant and toddler skin: implications for sun protection","volume":"128","author":"AS Paller","year":"2011","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"issue":"3","key":"pone.0239603.ref034","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e791","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2010-3502","article-title":"Ultraviolet radiation: a hazard to children and adolescents","volume":"127","author":"SJ Balk","year":"2011","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"issue":"5","key":"pone.0239603.ref035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"482","DOI":"10.3390\/nu2050482","article-title":"The relationship between ultraviolet radiation exposure and vitamin D status.","volume":"2","author":"O Engelsen","year":"2010","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"key":"pone.0239603.ref036","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"36","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jfca.2016.05.006","article-title":"Generating fatty acid and vitamin D composition data of Indonesian foods","volume":"50","author":"N Neufingerl","year":"2016","journal-title":"Journal of Food Composition and Analysis"},{"issue":"4","key":"pone.0239603.ref037","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"215","DOI":"10.1297\/cpe.26.215","article-title":"Longitudinal study on the effectiveness of vitamin D supplements in exclusively breast-fed infants.","volume":"26","author":"S Terashita","year":"2017","journal-title":"Clin Pediatr Endocrinol"},{"issue":"2","key":"pone.0239603.ref038","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"169","DOI":"10.1067\/mpd.2003.63","article-title":"Hypovitaminosis D and vitamin D deficiency in exclusively breast-feeding infants and their mothers in summer: a justification for vitamin D supplementation of breast-feeding infants","volume":"142","author":"A Dawodu","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Pediatr"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0239603.ref039","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"107","DOI":"10.3945\/ajcn.115.115105","article-title":"Vitamin D content in human breast milk: a 9-mo follow-up study","volume":"103","author":"S vieth Streym","year":"2016","journal-title":"Am J Clin Nutr"},{"issue":"7","key":"pone.0239603.ref040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e100705","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0100705","article-title":"Maternal serum and breast milk vitamin D levels: findings from the Universiti Sains Malaysia Pregnancy Cohort Study.","volume":"9","author":"HJ Jan Mohamed","year":"2014","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"10","key":"pone.0239603.ref041","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"804","DOI":"10.1017\/S000711451700277X","article-title":"Milk vitamin D in relation to the 'adequate intake' for 0-6-month-old infants: a study in lactating women with different cultural backgrounds, living at different latitudes.","volume":"118","author":"E Stoutjesdijk","year":"2017","journal-title":"Br J Nutr"},{"key":"pone.0239603.ref042","volume-title":"Short-term effects of breastfeeding: A systematic review on the benefits of breastfeeding on diarrhoea and pneumonia mortality","author":"B Horta","year":"2013"},{"issue":"Suppl 3","key":"pone.0239603.ref043","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S18","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2458-13-S3-S18","article-title":"Breastfeeding for reducing the risk of pneumonia morbidity and mortality in children under two: a systematic literature review and meta-analysis.","volume":"13","author":"LM Lamberti","year":"2013","journal-title":"BMC Public Health"},{"key":"pone.0239603.ref044","unstructured":"UNICEF. Statement on Vitamin D Supplementation for Breastfed Babies 2017 [Available from: http:\/\/www.unicef.org.uk\/babyfriendly\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2017\/01\/Vitamin-D-supplementation-for-breastfed-babies-Unicef-UK-statement.pdf."},{"issue":"9929","key":"pone.0239603.ref045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1665","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(13)61650-5","article-title":"Rickets.","volume":"383","author":"CJ Elder","year":"2014","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"pone.0239603.ref046","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"217","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-386960-9.00009-5","article-title":"Vitamin D effects on lung immunity and respiratory diseases","volume":"86","author":"S Hansdottir","year":"2011","journal-title":"Vitam Horm"},{"issue":"5","key":"pone.0239603.ref047","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"441","DOI":"10.1007\/s00109-010-0590-9","article-title":"Vitamin D and molecular actions on the immune system: modulation of innate and autoimmunity","volume":"88","author":"DL Kamen","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Mol Med (Berl)."},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0239603.ref048","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16","DOI":"10.1111\/jpc.14481","article-title":"Association of maternal vitamin D deficiency and infants' neurodevelopmental status: A cohort study on vitamin D and its impact during pregnancy and childhood in Indonesia.","volume":"56","author":"M Dhamayanti","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Paediatr Child Health."},{"issue":"5","key":"pone.0239603.ref049","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2909","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.173.5.2909","article-title":"Cutting edge: 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 is a direct inducer of antimicrobial peptide gene expression","volume":"173","author":"TT Wang","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"issue":"3","key":"pone.0239603.ref050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"485","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2011-2644","article-title":"Maternal serum vitamin D levels during pregnancy and offspring neurocognitive development","volume":"129","author":"AJ Whitehouse","year":"2012","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0239603.ref051","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e20","DOI":"10.1016\/S2214-109X(19)30492-9","article-title":"Vitamin D status in Africa is worse than in other continents","volume":"8","author":"R Bouillon","year":"2020","journal-title":"Lancet Glob Health."}],"container-title":["PLOS ONE"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0239603","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,5]],"date-time":"2020-10-05T22:03:42Z","timestamp":1601935422000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0239603"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"Michal","family":"Zmijewski","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"editor"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,5]]},"references-count":51,"journal-issue":{"issue":"10","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,5]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0239603","relation":{},"ISSN":["1932-6203"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1932-6203","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,5]]}}}