{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,17]],"date-time":"2026-09-17T18:43:10Z","timestamp":1789670590262,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":54,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,6]],"date-time":"2020-11-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1604620800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosone.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS ONE"],"abstract":"<jats:sec id=\"sec001\">\n<jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>There are few studies describing colonisation with extended spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Enterobacterales (ESBL-PE) and carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales (CRE) among children in sub-Saharan Africa. Colonisation often precedes infection and multi-drug-resistant Enterobacterales are important causes of invasive infection.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"sec002\">\n<jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>In this prospective cross-sectional study, conducted between April and June 2017, 200 children in a tertiary academic hospital were screened by rectal swab for EBSL-PE and CRE. The resistance-conferring genes were identified using polymerase chain reaction technology. Risk factors for colonisation were also evaluated.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"sec003\">\n<jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Overall, 48% (96\/200) of the children were colonised with at least one ESBL-PE, 8.3% (8\/96) of these with 2 ESBL-PE, and one other child was colonised with a CRE (0.5% (1\/200)). Common colonising ESBL-PE were <jats:italic>Klebsiella pneumoniae<\/jats:italic> (62.5%, 65\/104) and <jats:italic>Escherichia coli<\/jats:italic> (34.6%, 36\/104). The most frequent ESBL-conferring gene was blaCTX-M in 95% (76\/80) of the isolates. No resistance- conferring gene was identified in the CRE isolate (<jats:italic>Enterobacter cloacae<\/jats:italic>). Most of the <jats:italic>Klebsiella pneumoniae<\/jats:italic> isolates were susceptible to piperacillin\/tazobactam (86.2%) and amikacin (63.9%). Similarly, 94.4% and 97.2% of the <jats:italic>Escherichia coli<\/jats:italic> isolates were susceptible to piperacillin\/tazobactam and amikacin, respectively. Hospitalisation for more than 7 days before study enrolment was associated with ESBL-PE colonisation.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"sec004\">\n<jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Approximately half of the hospitalised children in this study were colonised with ESBL-PE. This highlights the need for improved infection prevention and control practices to limit the dissemination of these microorganisms.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0241776","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,6]],"date-time":"2020-11-06T18:28:20Z","timestamp":1604687300000},"page":"e0241776","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":28,"title":["Colonisation with extended spectrum beta-lactamase-producing and carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales in children admitted to a paediatric referral hospital in South Africa"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"15","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7576-7367","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Babatunde 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