{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,4]],"date-time":"2026-08-04T22:06:15Z","timestamp":1785881175218,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,2]],"date-time":"2020-12-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1606867200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100009619","name":"Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["JP19fk0108045"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["JP19fk0108045"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100009619","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100009619","name":"Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["JP19fk0108049"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["JP19fk0108049"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100009619","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100009619","name":"Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["JP19fk0108094"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["JP19fk0108094"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100009619","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100009619","name":"Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["JP19fk0108104"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["JP19fk0108104"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100009619","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100009619","name":"Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["JP19fk0108104"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["JP19fk0108104"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100009619","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001691","name":"Japan Society for the Promotion of Science","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["JP17K10040"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["JP17K10040"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001691","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosone.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS ONE"],"abstract":"<jats:sec id=\"sec001\">\n<jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p><jats:italic>Candida auris<\/jats:italic> infections have recently emerged worldwide, and this species is highly capable of colonization and is associated with high levels of mortality. However, strain-dependent differences in colonization capabilities and virulence have not yet been reported.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"sec002\">\n<jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>In the present study, we aimed to clarify the differences between clinically isolated invasive and non-invasive strains of <jats:italic>C<\/jats:italic>. <jats:italic>auris<\/jats:italic>.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"sec003\">\n<jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>We evaluated colonization, dissemination, and survival rates in wild C57BL\/6J mice inoculated with invasive or non-invasive strains of <jats:italic>C<\/jats:italic>. <jats:italic>auris<\/jats:italic> under cortisone acetate immunosuppression, comparing with those of <jats:italic>Candida albicans<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>Candida glabrata<\/jats:italic> infections. We also evaluated the potency of biofilm formation.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"sec004\">\n<jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Stool fungal burdens were significantly higher in mice inoculated with the invasive strains than in those infected with the non-invasive strain. Along with intestinal colonization, liver and kidney fungal burdens were also significantly higher in mice inoculated with the invasive strains. In addition, histopathological findings revealed greater dissemination and colonization of the invasive strains. Regarding biofilm-forming capability, the invasive strain of <jats:italic>C<\/jats:italic>. <jats:italic>auris<\/jats:italic> exhibited a significantly higher capacity of producing biofilms. Moreover, inoculation with the invasive strains resulted in significantly greater loss of body weight than that noted following infection with the non-invasive strain.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"sec005\">\n<jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Invasive strains showed higher colonization capability and rates of dissemination from gastrointestinal tracts under cortisone acetate immunosuppression than non-invasive strains, although the mortality rates caused by <jats:italic>C<\/jats:italic>. <jats:italic>auris<\/jats:italic> were lower than those caused by <jats:italic>C<\/jats:italic>. <jats:italic>albicans<\/jats:italic>.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0243223","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,2]],"date-time":"2020-12-02T18:43:38Z","timestamp":1606934618000},"page":"e0243223","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":31,"title":["Potency of gastrointestinal colonization and virulence of Candida auris in a murine endogenous candidiasis"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"15","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6355-716X","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Masahiro","family":"Abe","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Harutaka","family":"Katano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Minoru","family":"Nagi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yoshitsugu","family":"Higashi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuko","family":"Sato","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ken","family":"Kikuchi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hideki","family":"Hasegawa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8942-0869","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Yoshitsugu","family":"Miyazaki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,2]]},"reference":[{"issue":"3","key":"pone.0243223.ref001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"309","DOI":"10.1086\/421946","article-title":"Nosocomial Bloodstream Infections in US Hospitals: Analysis of 24,179 Cases from a Prospective Nationwide Surveillance Study","volume":"39","author":"H Wisplinghoff","year":"2004","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"pone.0243223.ref002","first-page":"177","article-title":"Candida infections in bone marrow transplant recipients","volume":"8","author":"C Verfaillie","year":"1991","journal-title":"Bone Marrow Transplant"},{"key":"pone.0243223.ref003","first-page":"9","article-title":"Invasive Candida infections: the changing epidemiology","volume":"8","author":"KA Marr","year":"2004","journal-title":"Oncology (Williston Park)"},{"key":"pone.0243223.ref004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S87","DOI":"10.1016\/S0924-8579(08)70006-2","article-title":"Epidemiology of candidemia in intensive care units","volume":"32","author":"E Bouza","year":"2008","journal-title":"Int J Antimicrob Agents"},{"issue":"4","key":"pone.0243223.ref005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"499","DOI":"10.1128\/CMR.9.4.499","article-title":"Epidemiology of nosocomial fungal infections","volume":"9","author":"SK Fridkin","year":"1996","journal-title":"Clin Microbiol Rev"},{"issue":"12","key":"pone.0243223.ref006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1959","DOI":"10.1086\/323759","article-title":"Revisiting the Source of Candidemia: Skin or Gut?","volume":"33","author":"M Nucci","year":"2001","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"pone.0243223.ref007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"109","DOI":"10.1186\/s13054-020-2766-1","article-title":"Risk factors for candidemia: a prospective matched case-control study","volume":"24","author":"J Poissy","year":"2020","journal-title":"Crit Care"},{"issue":"2","key":"pone.0243223.ref008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"177","DOI":"10.1086\/321811","article-title":"Risk factors for candidal bloodstream infections in surgical intensive care unit patients: the NEMIS prospective multicenter study. 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