{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,19]],"date-time":"2026-03-19T02:12:39Z","timestamp":1773886359827,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":83,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,18]],"date-time":"2020-12-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1608249600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100011251","name":"Northern Ontario Academic Medicine Association","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["A-17-05"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["A-17-05"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100011251","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosone.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS ONE"],"abstract":"<jats:sec id=\"sec001\">\n<jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>The objective of this study was to evaluate the relationship between concurrent physician-based mental health services, all-cause mortality, and acute health service use for individuals enrolled in Opioid Agonist Treatment in Ontario, Canada.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"sec002\">\n<jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>A cohort study of patients enrolled in opioid agonist treatment in Ontario was conducted between January 1, 2011, and December 31, 2015, in Ontario with an inverse probability of treatment weights using the propensity score to estimate the effect of physician-based mental health services. Treatment groups were created based on opioid agonist treatment patients\u2019 utilization of physician-based mental health services. Propensity score weighted odds ratios were calculated to assess the relationship between the treatment groups and the outcomes of interest. The outcomes included all-cause mortality using data from the Registered Persons Database, Emergency Department visits from the National Ambulatory Care Database, and hospitalizations using data from the Discharge Abstract Database. Encrypted patient identifiers were used to link across databases.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"sec003\">\n<jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>A total of 48,679 individuals in OAT with mental disorders. Opioid agonist treatment alone was associated with reduced odds of all-cause mortality (odds ratio (OR) 0.4, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.3\u20130.4). Patients who received mental health services from a psychiatrist and primary care physician while engaged in OAT, the estimated rate of ED visits per year was higher (OR = 1.3, 95% CI 1.2\u20131.4) and the rate of hospitalizations (OR = 0.5, 95% CI 0.4\u20130.6) than in the control group.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"sec004\">\n<jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Our findings support the view that opioid agonist treatment and concurrent mental health services can improve clinical outcomes for complex patients, and is associated with enhanced use of acute care services.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0243317","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,18]],"date-time":"2020-12-18T18:33:26Z","timestamp":1608316406000},"page":"e0243317","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Evaluating the effectiveness of concurrent opioid agonist treatment and physician-based mental health services for patients with mental disorders in Ontario, Canada"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Kristen A.","family":"Morin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Joseph K.","family":"Eibl","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Joseph M.","family":"Caswell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Brian","family":"Rush","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Christopher","family":"Mushquash","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nancy E.","family":"Lightfoot","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8769-1785","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"David C.","family":"Marsh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,18]]},"reference":[{"issue":"3","key":"pone.0243317.ref001","first-page":"e92","article-title":"Clustering of opioid prescribing and opioid-related mortality among family physicians in Ontario","volume":"57","author":"IA Dhalla","year":"2011","journal-title":"Can Fam Physician"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0243317.ref002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"22","DOI":"10.12927\/hcq.2011.22153","article-title":"Geographical variation in opioid prescribing and opioid-related mortality in Ontario","volume":"14","author":"T Gomes","year":"2011","journal-title":"Healthcare Quarterly"},{"key":"pone.0243317.ref003","unstructured":"Canadian Institute for Health Information: Pan-Canadian Trends in the Prescribing of Opioids, 2012 to 2016 Ottawa ON 2017 [https:\/\/www.cihi.ca\/sites\/default\/files\/document\/pan-canadian-trends-opioid-prescribing-2017-en-web.pdf]."},{"key":"pone.0243317.ref004","unstructured":"Howlett K. 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