{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,1]],"date-time":"2026-08-01T02:34:46Z","timestamp":1785551686776,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":51,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,18]],"date-time":"2020-12-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1608249600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosone.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS ONE"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Adhesion and scarring after neural surgery are detrimental to nerve regeneration and functional recovery. Amniotic membranes have been used in tissue repair due to their immunogenicity and richness in cytokines. In this study, an electrospun polycaprolactone (PCL)-amnion nanofibrous membrane was prepared for the treatment of sciatic nerve compression in a rat model. The effects of the PCL-amnion nanofibrous membrane on the prevention of adhesion formation and nerve regeneration were evaluated using electrophysiology and histological analyses. Compared with the medical chitosan hydrogel dressing, the PCL-amnion nanofibrous membrane significantly reduced peripheral nerve adhesion and promoted the rapid recovery of nerve conduction. Moreover, the immunohistochemical analysis identified more Schwann cells and less pro-inflammatory M1 macrophages in the PCL-amnion group. Western blot and RT-PCR results showed that the expression levels of type-\u2160 and \u2162 collagen in the PCL-treated rats were half of those in the control group after 12 weeks, while the expression level of nerve growth factor was approximately 3.5 times that found in the rats treated with medical chitosan hydrogel. In summary, electrospun PCL-amnion nanofibrous membranes can effectively reduce adhesion after neural surgery and promote nerve repair and regeneration. The long-term retention <jats:italic>in vivo<\/jats:italic> and sustained release of cytokines make PCL-amnion a promising biomaterial for clinical application.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0244301","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,18]],"date-time":"2020-12-18T18:58:21Z","timestamp":1608317901000},"page":"e0244301","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":25,"title":["Electrospun polycaprolactone (PCL)-amnion nanofibrous membrane prevents adhesions and promotes nerve repair in a rat model of sciatic nerve compression"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Ruiyi","family":"Dong","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chunjie","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Siyu","family":"Tian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jiangbo","family":"Bai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kunlun","family":"Yu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lei","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0148-8047","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Dehu","family":"Tian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,18]]},"reference":[{"issue":"11","key":"pone.0244301.ref001","first-page":"2325967118807131","volume":"6","author":"TN von Bergen","year":"2018","journal-title":"A Review of 7 Cases"},{"issue":"2","key":"pone.0244301.ref002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"468","DOI":"10.1038\/ki.2015.317","article-title":"Whole exome sequencing identifies causative mutations in the majority of consanguineous or familial cases with childhood-onset increased renal echogenicity","volume":"89","author":"DA Braun","year":"2016","journal-title":"Kidney Int"},{"issue":"10","key":"pone.0244301.ref003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0164572","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0164572","article-title":"Novel Anti-Adhesive CMC-PE Hydrogel Significantly Enhanced Morphological and Physiological Recovery after Surgical Decompression in an Animal Model of Entrapment Neuropathy","volume":"11","author":"H Urano","year":"2016","journal-title":"PloS one"},{"issue":"2","key":"pone.0244301.ref004","first-page":"157","article-title":"Pathomechanism of entrapment neuropathy in diabetic and nondiabetic rats reared in wire cages","volume":"23","author":"T Nishimura","year":"2008","journal-title":"Histology and histopathology"},{"issue":"3","key":"pone.0244301.ref005","first-page":"693","article-title":"Functional Outcomes of 300 Carpal Tunnel Release: 1.5 cm","volume":"14","author":"K Mardanpour","year":"2019","journal-title":"Longitudinal Mini-incision. Asian journal of neurosurgery"},{"issue":"8","key":"pone.0244301.ref006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1587","DOI":"10.1007\/s00701-018-3569-x","article-title":"Peripheral nerve surgery: the road less traveled","volume":"160","author":"L Rasulic","year":"2018","journal-title":"Acta Neurochir (Wien)"},{"issue":"7","key":"pone.0244301.ref007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"647","DOI":"10.1002\/micr.30496","article-title":"Use of a vascularized dorsal sensory branch of an ulnar nerve flap for repairing a proper digital nerve with coverage of a volar soft tissue defect: Report of two cases","volume":"39","author":"S Usami","year":"2019","journal-title":"Microsurgery"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0244301.ref008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"116","DOI":"10.1142\/S2424835518720025","article-title":"Treatment of Hand Allodynia Resulting from Wrist Cutting with Radial and Ulnar Artery Perforator Adipofascial Flaps","volume":"23","author":"H Irifune","year":"2018","journal-title":"The journal of hand surgery Asian-Pacific volume"},{"issue":"4","key":"pone.0244301.ref009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"360","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhsa.2018.01.013","article-title":"Barriers to Epineural Scarring: Role in Treatment of Traumatic Nerve Injury and Chronic Compressive Neuropathy","volume":"43","author":"CJ Dy","year":"2018","journal-title":"The Journal of hand surgery"},{"issue":"2","key":"pone.0244301.ref010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"214","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2019.09.031","article-title":"Better nerve regeneration with distally based fascicular turnover flap than with conventional autologous nerve graft in a rat sciatic nerve defect model","volume":"73","author":"J Choi","year":"2020","journal-title":"Journal of plastic, reconstructive & aesthetic surgery: JPRAS"},{"issue":"3","key":"pone.0244301.ref011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"815","DOI":"10.3171\/2017.4.JNS162522","article-title":"Protective effect of biodegradable nerve conduit against peripheral nerve adhesion after neurolysis","volume":"129","author":"K Shintani","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Neurosurg"},{"issue":"6","key":"pone.0244301.ref012","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"703","DOI":"10.1054\/JHSB.1999.0276","article-title":"The use of silicone tubing in the late repair of the median and ulnar nerves in the forearm","volume":"24","author":"J Braga-Silva","year":"1999","journal-title":"Journal of hand surgery"},{"issue":"2","key":"pone.0244301.ref013","first-page":"425","article-title":"Reduction of postoperative perineural adhesions by Hyaloglide gel: an experimental study in the rat sciatic nerve","volume":"56","author":"P Dam-Hieu","year":"2005","journal-title":"Neurosurgery"},{"issue":"5","key":"pone.0244301.ref014","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"392","DOI":"10.1002\/micr.20760","article-title":"Collagen nerve protector in rat sciatic nerve repair: A morphometric and histological analysis","volume":"30","author":"PD Kim","year":"2010","journal-title":"Microsurgery"},{"key":"pone.0244301.ref015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"54","DOI":"10.1016\/j.actbio.2020.02.003","article-title":"Nerve guide conduits for peripheral nerve injury repair: A review on design, materials and fabrication methods","volume":"106","author":"S Vijayavenkataraman","year":"2020","journal-title":"Acta Biomater."},{"issue":"3","key":"pone.0244301.ref016","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"273","DOI":"10.1563\/aaid-joi-D-15-00133","article-title":"Foreign Body Giant Cell-Related Encapsulation of a Synthetic Material Three Years After Augmentation","volume":"42","author":"J Lorenz","year":"2016","journal-title":"The Journal of oral implantology"},{"issue":"3","key":"pone.0244301.ref017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"423","DOI":"10.1007\/s10561-018-9688-z","article-title":"Decellularized amnion scaffold with activated PRP: a new paradigm dressing material for burn wound healing","volume":"19","author":"J Kshersagar","year":"2018","journal-title":"Cell and tissue banking"},{"issue":"11","key":"pone.0244301.ref018","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0142099","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0142099","article-title":"Photographic-Based Optical Evaluation of Tissues and Biomaterials Used for Corneal Surface Repair: A New Easy-Applied Method","volume":"10","author":"M Gonzalez-Andrades","year":"2015","journal-title":"PloS one"},{"issue":"2","key":"pone.0244301.ref019","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"447","DOI":"10.1007\/s00441-012-1424-6","article-title":"Amniotic membrane: from structure and functions to clinical applications","volume":"349","author":"AC Mamede","year":"2012","journal-title":"Cell and tissue research"},{"issue":"5","key":"pone.0244301.ref020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1133","DOI":"10.1002\/jbm.b.33265","article-title":"Cytokines in single layer amnion allografts compared to multilayer amnion\/chorion allografts for wound healing","volume":"103","author":"TJ Koob","year":"2015","journal-title":"Journal of biomedical materials research Part B, Applied biomaterials"},{"key":"pone.0244301.ref021","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"335","DOI":"10.1016\/j.actbio.2017.11.042","article-title":"Transplantation of human amnion prevents recurring adhesions and ameliorates fibrosis in a rat model of sciatic nerve scarring","volume":"66","author":"A Lemke","year":"2018","journal-title":"Acta biomaterialia"},{"issue":"6","key":"pone.0244301.ref022","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"907","DOI":"10.1097\/BCR.0b013e31818b9e40","article-title":"The role of allogenic amniotic membrane in burn treatment","volume":"29","author":"MR Kesting","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Burn Care Res"},{"issue":"17","key":"pone.0244301.ref023","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2051","DOI":"10.1080\/09205063.2018.1485814","article-title":"Decellularization and genipin crosslinking of amniotic membrane suitable for tissue engineering applications","volume":"29","author":"S Gobinathan","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Biomater Sci Polym Ed"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0244301.ref024","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jconrel.2011.09.064","article-title":"Poly-small je, Ukrainian-caprolactone based formulations for drug delivery and tissue engineering: A review. Journal of controlled release: official journal of the","volume":"158","author":"TK Dash","year":"2012","journal-title":"Controlled Release Society"},{"key":"pone.0244301.ref025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"927","DOI":"10.2147\/IJN.S231538","article-title":"Regulation of ERK1\/2 and SMAD2\/3 Pathways by Using Multi-Layered Electrospun PCL-Amnion Nanofibrous Membranes for the Prevention of Post-Surgical Tendon Adhesion","volume":"15","author":"C Liu","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int J Nanomedicine."},{"issue":"3","key":"pone.0244301.ref026","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1228","DOI":"10.1016\/j.msec.2012.12.015","article-title":"Fabrication and characterization of PCL\/gelatin composite nanofibrous scaffold for tissue engineering applications by electrospinning method","volume":"33","author":"S Gautam","year":"2013","journal-title":"Materials science & engineering C, Materials for biological applications"},{"issue":"2","key":"pone.0244301.ref027","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"112","DOI":"10.1097\/00000637-198408000-00004","article-title":"Chronic nerve compression\u2014an experimental model in the rat","volume":"13","author":"SE Mackinnon","year":"1984","journal-title":"Annals of plastic surgery"},{"issue":"Suppl 1","key":"pone.0244301.ref028","first-page":"S1:9","article-title":"Sciatic nerve repair by microgrooved nerve conduits made of chitosan-gold nanocomposites","volume":"70","author":"YL Lin","year":"2008","journal-title":"Surg Neurol"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0244301.ref029","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"60","DOI":"10.1186\/s12917-017-0982-y","article-title":"Refinement of intraperitoneal injection of sodium pentobarbital for euthanasia in laboratory rats (Rattus norvegicus)","volume":"13","author":"KK Zatroch","year":"2017","journal-title":"BMC Vet Res"},{"issue":"5","key":"pone.0244301.ref030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"976","DOI":"10.1097\/00006123-199605000-00025","article-title":"Reduction of extraneural scarring by ADCON-T\/N after surgical intervention","volume":"38","author":"J Petersen","year":"1996","journal-title":"Neurosurgery"},{"issue":"6","key":"pone.0244301.ref031","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1101","DOI":"10.1038\/nprot.2008.73","article-title":"Analyzing real-time PCR data by the comparative C(T) method","volume":"3","author":"TD Schmittgen","year":"2008","journal-title":"Nature protocols"},{"issue":"4","key":"pone.0244301.ref032","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3362","DOI":"10.1002\/jcp.27299","article-title":"Nerve repair and regeneration: Biological tubulization limits and future perspectives","volume":"234","author":"M Riccio","year":"2019","journal-title":"Journal of cellular physiology"},{"issue":"12","key":"pone.0244301.ref033","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E289","DOI":"10.1002\/term.1753","article-title":"Poly-epsilon-caprolactone scaffold and reduced in vitro cell culture: beneficial effect on compaction and improved valvular tissue formation","volume":"9","author":"MM Brugmans","year":"2015","journal-title":"Journal of tissue engineering and regenerative medicine"},{"issue":"4","key":"pone.0244301.ref034","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"918","DOI":"10.3892\/ijmm.2017.2897","article-title":"Comparison of the proliferation, migration and angiogenic properties of human amniotic epithelial and mesenchymal stem cells and their effects on endothelial cells","volume":"39","author":"Q Wu","year":"2017","journal-title":"Int J Mol Med"},{"issue":"12","key":"pone.0244301.ref035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2057","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jse.2016.09.013","article-title":"Recurrent cubital tunnel syndrome treated with revision neurolysis and amniotic membrane nerve wrapping","volume":"25","author":"MP Gaspar","year":"2016","journal-title":"Journal of shoulder and elbow surgery"},{"issue":"5","key":"pone.0244301.ref036","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E1","DOI":"10.3171\/foc.2004.16.5.2","article-title":"Pathophysiology of peripheral nerve injury: a brief review","volume":"16","author":"MG Burnett","year":"2004","journal-title":"Neurosurg Focus"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0244301.ref037","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1080\/03008207.2018.1489381","article-title":"Peripheral nerve injury, scarring, and recovery","volume":"60","author":"ML Wang","year":"2019","journal-title":"Connect Tissue Res"},{"issue":"2","key":"pone.0244301.ref038","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"144","DOI":"10.1097\/00000658-197302000-00003","article-title":"The effect of human amniotic membranes on the bacteria population of infected rat burns","volume":"177","author":"MC Robson","year":"1973","journal-title":"Annals of surgery"},{"issue":"2","key":"pone.0244301.ref039","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"327","DOI":"10.1002\/art.38206","article-title":"Therapeutic effect of human amniotic membrane-derived cells on experimental arthritis and other inflammatory disorders","volume":"66","author":"O Parolini","year":"2014","journal-title":"Arthritis & rheumatology"},{"issue":"5","key":"pone.0244301.ref040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"479","DOI":"10.1097\/AAP.0000000000000125","article-title":"Pathophysiology and Etiology of Nerve Injury Following Peripheral Nerve Blockade","volume":"40","author":"R Brull","year":"2015","journal-title":"Reg Anesth Pain Med"},{"key":"pone.0244301.ref041","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"52","DOI":"10.1016\/j.conb.2017.09.003","article-title":"Schwann cells as drivers of tissue repair and regeneration","volume":"47","author":"MJ Carr","year":"2017","journal-title":"Current opinion in neurobiology"},{"issue":"3\u20134","key":"pone.0244301.ref042","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"155","DOI":"10.1159\/000445170","article-title":"Mechanism and Therapy of Brain Edema after Intracerebral Hemorrhage","volume":"42","author":"H Zheng","year":"2016","journal-title":"Cerebrovasc Dis"},{"issue":"2","key":"pone.0244301.ref043","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"193","DOI":"10.1007\/s10561-017-9618-5","article-title":"Amniotic membrane in ophthalmology: properties, preparation, storage and indications for grafting-a review","volume":"18","author":"K Jirsova","year":"2017","journal-title":"Cell and tissue banking"},{"issue":"11","key":"pone.0244301.ref044","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1089","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2006.08.008","article-title":"Post-injury regeneration in rat sciatic nerve facilitated by neurotrophic factors secreted by amniotic fluid mesenchymal stem cells","volume":"14","author":"HC Pan","year":"2007","journal-title":"Journal of clinical neuroscience: official journal of the Neurosurgical Society of Australasia"},{"key":"pone.0244301.ref045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"125","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pneurobio.2018.07.002","article-title":"Regeneration of peripheral nerves by nerve guidance conduits: Influence of design, biopolymers, cells, growth factors, and physical stimuli","volume":"171","author":"MD Sarker","year":"2018","journal-title":"Progress in neurobiology"},{"issue":"2","key":"pone.0244301.ref046","article-title":"2,5-Hexanedione mediates neuronal apoptosis through suppression of NGF via PI3K\/Akt signaling in the rat sciatic nerve","volume":"39","author":"E Zuo","year":"2019","journal-title":"Bioscience reports"},{"key":"pone.0244301.ref047","first-page":"373","article-title":"Anti-nerve growth factor in pain management: current evidence","volume":"9","author":"DS Chang","year":"2016","journal-title":"Journal of pain research"},{"key":"pone.0244301.ref048","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"239","DOI":"10.1186\/1479-5876-10-239","article-title":"Nerve growth factor: from the early discoveries to the potential clinical use","volume":"10","author":"L Aloe","year":"2012","journal-title":"Journal of translational medicine"},{"key":"pone.0244301.ref049","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"177","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2014.02.065","article-title":"Local delivery of controlled released nerve growth factor promotes sciatic nerve regeneration after crush injury","volume":"566","author":"H Yu","year":"2014","journal-title":"Neuroscience letters"},{"issue":"2","key":"pone.0244301.ref050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"460","DOI":"10.1016\/j.expneurol.2011.03.017","article-title":"Dose and duration of nerve growth factor (NGF) administration determine the extent of behavioral recovery following peripheral nerve injury in the rat","volume":"229","author":"SW Kemp","year":"2011","journal-title":"Experimental neurology"},{"key":"pone.0244301.ref051","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1080\/08941939.2019.1644403","article-title":"Effect of Local and Systemic Dimethylsulfoxide on Peripheral Nerve Repair: A Controlled Randomized Experimental Study","author":"E Sanli","year":"2019","journal-title":"Journal of investigative surgery: the official journal of the Academy of Surgical Research"}],"updated-by":[{"DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0253699","type":"correction","label":"Correction","source":"publisher","updated":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,17]],"date-time":"2021-06-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1623888000000}}],"container-title":["PLOS ONE"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0244301","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,18]],"date-time":"2020-12-18T18:58:53Z","timestamp":1608317933000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0244301"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"Gianpaolo","family":"Papaccio","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"editor"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,18]]},"references-count":51,"journal-issue":{"issue":"12","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,18]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0244301","relation":{"correction":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0253699","asserted-by":"object"}]},"ISSN":["1932-6203"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1932-6203","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,18]]}}}