{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,5]],"date-time":"2026-03-05T18:41:15Z","timestamp":1772736075658,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,31]],"date-time":"2020-12-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1609372800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosone.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS ONE"],"abstract":"<jats:sec id=\"sec001\">\n<jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>To study Group B Streptococcus (GBS) isolates associated with different clinical syndromes: asymptomatic carriage in pregnant women, intrauterine fetal death (IUFD), and early onset disease (EOD) in the newborn.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"sec002\">\n<jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>GBS isolates were collected from asymptomatic pregnant women admitted for labor, IUFD cases, and neonates with EOD. Serotypes and antibiotic susceptibilities were determined. Multilocus sequence typing (MLST) was performed to assess genetic epidemiology.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"sec003\">\n<jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>GBS carriage rate was 26.1% (280\/1074). The dominant serotype among asymptomatic pregnant women was VI [98\/240 women (40.8%)], followed by serotypes III, V and IV in 42\/240 (17.5%), 30\/240 (12.5%) and 28\/240 (11.7%) women, respectively. The dominant serotype in IUFD cases was serotype VI [10\/13 (76.9%)]. In contrast the prevalent serotype among EOD cases was III [16\/19 (84.2%)]. ST-1 was associated with IUFD [7\/13 (53.8%)], ST-17 was associated with serotype III and EOD in the newborn 14\/19 (73.7%)]. Erythromycin and clindamycin resistance reached 36.8%, 7.7% and 20.0%among EOD, vaginal carriage and IUFD, respectively.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"sec004\">\n<jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Serotypes VI and ST-1 were dominant among asymptomatic pregnant women and in IUFD cases while EOD was associated with serotype III and ST-17. Invasive mechanisms thus may differ between IUFD and EOD in the newborn and virulence may be related to capsule serotype. Resistance rates to erythromycin and clindamycin were high in EOD cases.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0244450","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,31]],"date-time":"2020-12-31T19:54:37Z","timestamp":1609444477000},"page":"e0244450","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Group B Streptococcus serotypes associated with different clinical syndromes: Asymptomatic carriage in pregnant women, intrauterine fetal death, and early onset disease in the newborn"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Yulia","family":"Schindler","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Galia","family":"Rahav","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Israel","family":"Nissan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Liora","family":"Madar-Shapiro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Julia","family":"Abtibol","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Moti","family":"Ravid","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7258-3434","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Yasmin","family":"Maor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,31]]},"reference":[{"issue":"No. RR-10","key":"pone.0244450.ref001","first-page":"1","article-title":"Prevention of perinatal Group B Streptococcal disease","volume":"59","author":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention","year":"2010","journal-title":"MMWR"},{"issue":"5","key":"pone.0244450.ref002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"357","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pedn.2004.05.012","article-title":"A history of neonatal group B Streptococcus with its related morbidity and mortality rates in the United States","volume":"19","author":"P. Dermer","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Pediatr Nurs"},{"issue":"10","key":"pone.0244450.ref003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"910","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2015.05.039","article-title":"Group B Streptococcus neonatal invasive infections, France 2007\u20132012","volume":"21","author":"C. Joubrel","year":"2015","journal-title":"Clin Microbiol Infect"},{"key":"pone.0244450.ref004","unstructured":"Israeli Ministry of Health GBS annual report 2018."},{"issue":"11","key":"pone.0244450.ref005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1437","DOI":"10.1111\/1471-0528.13527","article-title":"Maternal group B Streptococcus-related stillbirth: A systematic review","volume":"122","author":"C. Nan","year":"2015","journal-title":"BJOG An Int J Obstet Gynaecol"},{"issue":"June","key":"pone.0244450.ref006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S125","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/cix585","article-title":"Stillbirth with Group B Streptococcus disease worldwide: systematic review and meta-analyses","volume":"65","author":"A.C. Seale","year":"2017","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"pone.0244450.ref007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"437","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2018.00437","article-title":"Group B Streptococcal colonization, molecular characteristics, and epidemiology","volume":"9","author":"S. Shabayek","year":"2018","journal-title":"Front Microbiol"},{"issue":"Nov","key":"pone.0244450.ref008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S100","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/cix658","article-title":"Maternal colonization with Group B Streptococcus and serotype distribution worldwide: systematic review and meta-analyses","volume":"65","author":"N.J. Russell","year":"2017","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"pone.0244450.ref009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"D31","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2013.05.012","article-title":"Group B Streptococcal epidemiology and vaccine needs in developed countries","volume":"31","author":"P. Melin","year":"2013","journal-title":"Vaccine"},{"key":"pone.0244450.ref010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1155\/2008\/727505","article-title":"Antibiotic resistance patterns in invasive Group B Streptococcal isolates","author":"M.L. Castor","year":"2008","journal-title":"Infect Dis Obstet Gynecol"},{"issue":"21","key":"pone.0244450.ref011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.2807\/1560-7917.ES.2018.23.21.1700473","article-title":"Increasing macrolide resistance among Streptococcus agalactiae causing invasive disease in non-pregnant adults was driven by a single capsular-transformed lineage, Portugal, 2009 to 2015","volume":"23","author":"E. Lopes","year":"2018","journal-title":"Euro Surveill"},{"key":"pone.0244450.ref012","article-title":"Streptococcus agalactiae in pregnant women: serotype and antimicrobial susceptibility patterns over five years in Eastern Sicily (Italy)","author":"C. Genovese","year":"2020","journal-title":"Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis"},{"issue":"12","key":"pone.0244450.ref013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0226699","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0226699","article-title":"Determinants of Group B Streptococcal virulence potential amongst vaginal clinical isolates from pregnant women","volume":"14","author":"L.R. Burcham","year":"2019","journal-title":"PloS One"},{"key":"pone.0244450.ref014","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1038\/srep38523","article-title":"Real-time PCR-based serotyping of Streptococcus agalactiae","volume":"6","author":"K.M. Breeding","year":"2016","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"pone.0244450.ref015","volume-title":"Performans standards for animicrobial susceptibility testin","year":"2018","edition":"28"},{"issue":"5","key":"pone.0244450.ref016","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1441","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.03554-13","article-title":"Characterization of invasive group B streptococcus strains from the greater Toronto area, Canada","volume":"52","author":"S. Teatero","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Clin Microbiol"},{"issue":"12","key":"pone.0244450.ref017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2339","DOI":"10.1007\/s10096-015-2487-6","article-title":"Molecular epidemiology and distribution of serotypes, genotypes, and antibiotic resistance genes of Streptococcus agalactiae clinical isolates from Guelma, Algeria and Marseille, France","volume":"34","author":"A. Bergal","year":"2015","journal-title":"Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis"},{"key":"pone.0244450.ref018","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2909","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.00999-07","article-title":"Molecular epidemiology and distribution of serotypes, surface proteins, and antibiotic resistance among group B streptococci in Italy","volume":"45","author":"G. Gherardi","year":"2007","journal-title":"J.Clin Microbiol"},{"key":"pone.0244450.ref019","article-title":"Multistate, population-based distributions of candidate vaccine targets, clonal complexes, and resistance features of invasive Group B Streptococci within the US: 2015\u20132017","author":"L. McGee","year":"2020","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"pone.0244450.ref020","author":"M. Morozumi","journal-title":"Molecular characteristics of Group B streptococci isolated from adults with invasive"},{"issue":"4","key":"pone.0244450.ref021","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1030","DOI":"10.1086\/314666","article-title":"Serotypes VI and VII predominant amog group B streptococci isolated grom pregnant Japanese women","volume":"179","author":"C.S. Lachenauer","year":"1999","journal-title":"J Infect Dis"},{"issue":"3","key":"pone.0244450.ref022","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"579","DOI":"10.1007\/s10096-014-2265-x","article-title":"Antimicrobial susceptibility profiles, serotype distribution and virulence determinants among invasive, non-invasive and colonizing Streptococcus agalactiae (group B streptococcus) from Malaysian patients","volume":"34","author":"N. Eskandarian","year":"2015","journal-title":"Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis"},{"issue":"6","key":"pone.0244450.ref023","first-page":"1875","article-title":"Population structure of group B Streptococcus from a low-incidence region for invasive neonatal disease","volume":"151","author":"N. Bisharat","year":"2005","journal-title":"Open J Obstet and Gynecol"},{"key":"pone.0244450.ref024","first-page":"5","volume":"15","author":"Israel Obstetric Survey Group (IOSG)","year":"2016","journal-title":"Isr J Health Policy Res"},{"issue":"2","key":"pone.0244450.ref025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"178","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2005.06.007","article-title":"Prevalence of colonisation with group B Streptococci in pregnant women of a multi-ethnic population in The Netherlands","volume":"124","author":"A.W. Valkenburg-van den Berg","year":"2006","journal-title":"Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol"},{"key":"pone.0244450.ref026","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"169","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jgar.2016.08.010","article-title":"Alarming regional differences in prevalence and antimicrobial susceptibility of group B streptococci in pregnant women: A systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"7","author":"J. Huang","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Glob Antimicrob Resist"},{"issue":"12","key":"pone.0244450.ref027","first-page":"866944","article-title":"Is there an increase in the incidence of GBS carrier rates among pregnant women in northern Israel","volume":"145","author":"L. German","year":"2006","journal-title":"Harefuah"},{"issue":"14","key":"pone.0244450.ref028","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"769","DOI":"10.4236\/ojog.2015.514108","article-title":"Ritual immersion in a Mikveh is associated with increased risk of Group B Streptococcal carrier state in Israeli parturient women","volume":"05","author":"R. Drai-Hasid","year":"2015","journal-title":"Open J Obstet Gynecol"},{"issue":"463","key":"pone.0244450.ref029","first-page":"101","article-title":"High Group A Streptococcal carriage in the Orthodox Jewish community of north Hackney","volume":"51","author":"J. Spitzer","year":"2001","journal-title":"Br J Gen Pract"},{"issue":"10","key":"pone.0244450.ref030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1941","DOI":"10.3201\/eid2410.171711","article-title":"Genetic diversity and antimicrobial drug resistance of serotype VI Group B Streptococcus, Canada","volume":"24","author":"A. Neemuchwala","year":"2018","journal-title":"Emerg Infect Dis"},{"issue":"3","key":"pone.0244450.ref031","article-title":"Serotypes, antibiotic susceptibilities, and multi-locus sequence type profiles of Streptococcus agalactiae isolates circulating in Beijing, China","volume":"10","author":"P. Wang","year":"2015","journal-title":"PloS One"}],"container-title":["PLOS ONE"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0244450","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,31]],"date-time":"2020-12-31T19:55:00Z","timestamp":1609444500000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0244450"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"Jose","family":"Melo-Cristino","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"editor","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,31]]},"references-count":31,"journal-issue":{"issue":"12","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,31]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0244450","relation":{},"ISSN":["1932-6203"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1932-6203","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,31]]}}}