{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,19]],"date-time":"2025-03-19T13:14:43Z","timestamp":1742390083778,"version":"3.37.3"},"reference-count":47,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,5]],"date-time":"2021-01-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1609804800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003725","name":"National Research Foundation of Korea","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2018R1C1B6002333"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2018R1C1B6002333"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003725","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003725","name":"National Research Foundation of Korea","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2016M3A9B4919711"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2016M3A9B4919711"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003725","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosone.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS ONE"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Polycystic kidney disease (PKD) is a common genetic disorder that results in a proliferating and enlarging cyst and ultimately leads to loss of kidney function. Because an enlarged cyst is a primary factor for limited kidney function, the large cyst is surgically removed by laparoscopic deroofing or sclerosant. This a relatively nascent treatment method entails complications and sometimes fail due to the cyst fluid refilling and infection. This study proposes using a more stable and effective polidocanol foam with glycerol and Rose Bengal (GRP form) to prevent cyst regeneration and irritation, which is caused by the required body movement during the treatment. Specifically, the foam retention time and viscosity were increased by adding glycerol up to 10% (w\/v). The GRP form inhibited cellular proliferation and disrupted cellular junctions, e-cadherin, and cyst formation, demonstrated by the LDH, Live and Dead, and re-plating culture assays. The GRP foam was shown to be a safe and effective treatment as a commercial grade polidocanol foam form by an<jats:italic>in vivo<\/jats:italic>study in which subcutaneously injected mice injected with commercial 3% polidocanol, and the GRP foam showed no difference in inflammation. Thus, this study provides an advanced polidocanol form by adding glycerol and Rose-Bengal to help existing sclerotherapy.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0244635","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,5]],"date-time":"2021-01-05T20:50:20Z","timestamp":1609879820000},"page":"e0244635","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Development of Glycerol-Rose Bengal-Polidocanol (GRP) foam for enhanced sclerosis of a cyst for cystic diseases"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Soohyun","family":"Jeong","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sujin","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4246-4009","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Youngjoo","family":"Choi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Han Na","family":"Jung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kangwon","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6311-3040","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Min Hee","family":"Park","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,5]]},"reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0244635.ref001","first-page":"144","article-title":"Management of renal cyst infection in patients with autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease: a systematic review","volume":"32","author":"MA Lantinga","year":"2017","journal-title":"Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation"},{"issue":"12","key":"pone.0244635.ref002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1984","DOI":"10.1021\/tx900327t","article-title":"Mitochondrial-driven ubiquinone enhances extracellular calcium-dependent nitric oxide production and reduces glycochenodeoxycholic acid-induced cell death in hepatocytes","volume":"22","author":"S Gonz\u00e1lez-Rubio","year":"2009","journal-title":"Chemical research in toxicology"},{"issue":"Suppl 4","key":"pone.0244635.ref003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"iv142","DOI":"10.1093\/ndt\/gfu073","article-title":"A stepwise approach for effective management of chronic pain in autosomal-dominant polycystic kidney disease","volume":"29","author":"NF Casteleijn","year":"2014","journal-title":"Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation"},{"issue":"3","key":"pone.0244635.ref004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"419","DOI":"10.3233\/XST-130393","article-title":"Comparison of aspiration-sclerotherapy versus laparoscopic decortication in management of symptomatic simple renal cysts","volume":"21","author":"Q Shao","year":"2013","journal-title":"Journal of X-ray science and technology"},{"issue":"3","key":"pone.0244635.ref005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"310","DOI":"10.4103\/0974-7796.152026","article-title":"Comparison between the use of 99% ethanol and 3% polidocanol in percutaneous echoguided sclerotherapy treatment of simple renal cysts","volume":"7","author":"L Dell\u2019Atti","year":"2015","journal-title":"Urology Annals"},{"issue":"2","key":"pone.0244635.ref006","first-page":"182","article-title":"Prospective randomized comparison of sodium tetradecyl sulfate and polidocanol as variceal sclerosing agents","volume":"87","author":"DK Bhargava","year":"1992","journal-title":"The American journal of gastroenterology"},{"issue":"6","key":"pone.0244635.ref007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"721","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejvs.2012.02.026","article-title":"Comparative stability of sodium tetradecyl sulphate (STD) and polidocanol foam: impact on vein damage in an in-vitro model","volume":"43","author":"B McAree","year":"2012","journal-title":"European journal of vascular and endovascular surgery: the official journal of the European Society for Vascular Surgery"},{"issue":"3","key":"pone.0244635.ref008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"145","DOI":"10.1159\/000282971","article-title":"Polidocanol sclerotherapy for simple renal cysts","volume":"58","author":"S Ohta","year":"1997","journal-title":"Urol Int"},{"issue":"4","key":"pone.0244635.ref009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"603","DOI":"10.1007\/s11255-015-0953-9","article-title":"The comparison of percutaneous ethanol and polidocanol sclerotherapy in the management of simple renal cysts","volume":"47","author":"T Yonguc","year":"2015","journal-title":"Int Urol Nephrol"},{"issue":"Suppl 1","key":"pone.0244635.ref010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"62","DOI":"10.1258\/phleb.2009.09s007","article-title":"Foam and liquid sclerotherapy for varicose veins","volume":"24","author":"P Coleridge Smith","year":"2009","journal-title":"Phlebology"},{"issue":"52","key":"pone.0244635.ref011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14620","DOI":"10.1002\/ange.201408193","article-title":"A doubly alkynylpyrene\u2010threaded [4] rotaxane that exhibits strong circularly polarized luminescence from the spatially restricted excimer","volume":"126","author":"M Inouye","year":"2014","journal-title":"Angewandte Chemie"},{"issue":"3","key":"pone.0244635.ref012","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"804","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jvs.2009.01.003","article-title":"Leg ulcer treatment","volume":"49","author":"PD Coleridge-Smith","year":"2009","journal-title":"Journal of vascular surgery"},{"issue":"Issue 6","key":"pone.0244635.ref013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"366","DOI":"10.1016\/j.xkme.2019.07.015","article-title":"Foam Sclerotherapy for Cyst Volume Reduction in Autosomal Dominant Polycystic Kidney Disease: A Prospective Cohort Study","volume":"1","author":"BS Ioan-Andrei Iliuta","year":"2019","journal-title":"Kidney Medicine"},{"issue":"Suppl 2","key":"pone.0244635.ref014","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"983","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1524-4725.2009.01406.x","article-title":"Review of published information on foam sclerotherapy","volume":"36","author":"M Stucker","year":"2010","journal-title":"Dermatol Surg"},{"issue":"6","key":"pone.0244635.ref015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"232","DOI":"10.1258\/phleb.2010.010028","article-title":"An investigation on the influence of glycerin on sclerosant foam stability","volume":"26","author":"JD Peterson","year":"2011","journal-title":"Phlebology"},{"issue":"2","key":"pone.0244635.ref016","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"588","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpharm.2014.11.056","article-title":"Properties of polidocanol foam in view of its use in sclerotherapy","volume":"478","author":"V Nastasa","year":"2015","journal-title":"International Journal of Pharmaceutics"},{"issue":"3\u20134","key":"pone.0244635.ref017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"854","DOI":"10.1177\/0886260517690873","article-title":"Empowerment and intimate partner violence in Pakistan: results from a nationally representative survey","volume":"35","author":"NS Murshid","year":"2020","journal-title":"Journal of interpersonal violence"},{"issue":"8","key":"pone.0244635.ref018","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"670","DOI":"10.1038\/s41592-019-0506-8","article-title":"Promoting transparency and reproducibility in enhanced molecular simulations","volume":"16","author":"M Bonomi","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nature methods"},{"key":"pone.0244635.ref019","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yrtph.2018.09.008","article-title":"Structural and functional pharmacokinetic analogs for physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) model evaluation","volume":"99","author":"CA Ellison","year":"2018","journal-title":"Regulatory Toxicology and Pharmacology"},{"issue":"9","key":"pone.0244635.ref020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1141","DOI":"10.1097\/ICO.0000000000001265","article-title":"Rose Bengal Photodynamic Antimicrobial Therapy: A Novel Treatment for Resistant Fusarium Keratitis","volume":"36","author":"G Amescua","year":"2017","journal-title":"Cornea"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0244635.ref021","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2014.04.007","article-title":"Assessment of rose bengal versus riboflavin photodynamic therapy for inhibition of fungal keratitis isolates","volume":"158","author":"A Arboleda","year":"2014","journal-title":"Am J Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"10","key":"pone.0244635.ref022","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e46","DOI":"10.1097\/ICO.0000000000001701","article-title":"Human Corneal Changes After Rose Bengal Photodynamic Antimicrobial Therapy for Treatment of Fungal Keratitis","volume":"37","author":"JD Martinez","year":"2018","journal-title":"Cornea"},{"issue":"10","key":"pone.0244635.ref023","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6646","DOI":"10.1021\/acsomega.7b00675","article-title":"Rose Bengal Binding to Collagen and Tissue Photobonding","volume":"2","author":"EI Alarcon","year":"2017","journal-title":"ACS Omega"},{"issue":"5","key":"pone.0244635.ref024","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3426","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.12-11509","article-title":"Collagen cross-linking using rose bengal and green light to increase corneal stiffness","volume":"54","author":"D Cherfan","year":"2013","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci"},{"issue":"2","key":"pone.0244635.ref025","first-page":"241","article-title":"Rose Bengal-Green Light for Collagen Cross-linking","volume":"12","author":"M Zarei-Ghanavati","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Ophthalmic Vis Res"},{"issue":"11","key":"pone.0244635.ref026","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2712","DOI":"10.1097\/01.ASN.0000092792.97122.E0","article-title":"HIF-1: An Oxygen Response System with Special Relevance to the Kidney","volume":"14","author":"P Maxwell","year":"2003","journal-title":"Journal of the American Society of Nephrology"},{"issue":"3","key":"pone.0244635.ref027","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"830","DOI":"10.2353\/ajpath.2007.060455","article-title":"Involvement of hypoxia-inducible transcription factors in polycystic kidney disease","volume":"170","author":"WM Bernhardt","year":"2007","journal-title":"The American journal of pathology"},{"issue":"8","key":"pone.0244635.ref028","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1348","DOI":"10.1021\/ja01236a045","article-title":"The Measurement of Foam Stability1a","volume":"66","author":"AP Brady","year":"1944","journal-title":"Journal of the American Chemical Society"},{"key":"pone.0244635.ref029","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Elia N, Lippincott-Schwartz J. Culturing Three Dimensional MDCK cells for Analyzing Intracellular Dynamics. Current protocols in cell biology \/ editorial board, Juan S Bonifacino [et al]. 2009;CHAPTER:Unit-4.22. doi: 10.1002\/0471143030.cb0422s43 PubMed PMID: PMC2786266.","DOI":"10.1002\/0471143030.cb0422s43"},{"key":"pone.0244635.ref030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"109","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2369-13-109","article-title":"Increasing extracellular matrix collagen level and MMP activity induces cyst development in polycystic kidney disease","volume":"13","author":"B Liu","year":"2012","journal-title":"BMC Nephrology"},{"journal-title":"Testing natural biomaterials in animal models","year":"2016","author":"A Costa\u2010Pinto","key":"pone.0244635.ref031"},{"issue":"04","key":"pone.0244635.ref032","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"208","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0037-1622317","article-title":"Sclerosant foams","volume":"39","author":"J Wollmann","year":"2010","journal-title":"Phlebologie"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0244635.ref033","first-page":"58","article-title":"Preliminary experience with a new sclerosing foam in the treatment of varicose veins","volume":"27","author":"L Tessari","year":"2001","journal-title":"Dermatologic surgery"},{"issue":"4","key":"pone.0244635.ref034","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"218","DOI":"10.4103\/2303-9027.187840","article-title":"Utility of endoscopic ultrasound in the diagnosis and management of esophagogastric varices","volume":"5","author":"A-J Wang","year":"2016","journal-title":"Endoscopic ultrasound"},{"issue":"20","key":"pone.0244635.ref035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4704","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevLett.86.4704","article-title":"Dynamics of coarsening foams: accelerated and self-limiting drainage","volume":"86","author":"S Hilgenfeldt","year":"2001","journal-title":"Physical review letters"},{"issue":"2","key":"pone.0244635.ref036","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"573","DOI":"10.1016\/0021-9797(89)90062-3","article-title":"Foam stability in a glycerol system","volume":"127","author":"SE Friberg","year":"1989","journal-title":"Journal of colloid and interface science"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0244635.ref037","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15683","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-018-33992-w","article-title":"Effect of Multiple Factors on Foam Stability in Foam Sclerotherapy","volume":"8","author":"T Bai","year":"2018","journal-title":"Scientific Reports"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0244635.ref038","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9880","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-019-46262-0","article-title":"In vitro and ex vivo evaluation of the biological performance of sclerosing foams","volume":"9","author":"E Bottaro","year":"2019","journal-title":"Scientific Reports"},{"issue":"2","key":"pone.0244635.ref039","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"299","DOI":"10.1002\/cjce.5450800216","article-title":"Bubble coalescence and its effect on dynamic foam stability","volume":"80","author":"YS Cho","year":"2002","journal-title":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering"},{"issue":"2\u20133","key":"pone.0244635.ref040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.1016\/S0301-7516(01)00064-3","article-title":"Effect of flotation frothers on bubble size and foam stability","volume":"64","author":"Y-S Cho","year":"2002","journal-title":"International Journal of Mineral Processing"},{"issue":"33","key":"pone.0244635.ref041","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11752","DOI":"10.1021\/ie401263k","article-title":"Determination of critical coalescence concentration and bubble size for surfactants used as flotation frothers","volume":"52","author":"PB Kowalczuk","year":"2013","journal-title":"Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research"},{"issue":"2","key":"pone.0244635.ref042","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"327","DOI":"10.1016\/0021-9797(84)90303-5","article-title":"The stability of foams: Dependence of observation on the bubble size distribution","volume":"97","author":"A Monsalve","year":"1984","journal-title":"Journal of colloid and interface science"},{"issue":"10","key":"pone.0244635.ref043","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"431","DOI":"10.3390\/min8100431","article-title":"Critical Coalescence Concentration (CCC) for surfactants in aqueous solutions","volume":"8","author":"D Szyszka","year":"2018","journal-title":"Minerals"},{"issue":"3","key":"pone.0244635.ref044","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"609","DOI":"10.1016\/j.actamat.2007.10.034","article-title":"The influence of strain-induced damage on the mechanical response of open-cell aluminum foam","volume":"56","author":"E Amsterdam","year":"2008","journal-title":"Acta Materialia"},{"key":"pone.0244635.ref045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1453","DOI":"10.1038\/labinvest.2017.89","article-title":"Correlation between E-cadherin interactions, survivin expression, and apoptosis in MDCK and ts-Src MDCK cell culture models","volume":"97","author":"J Capra","year":"2017","journal-title":"Laboratory Investigation"},{"issue":"3","key":"pone.0244635.ref046","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1334","DOI":"10.1091\/mbc.e03-05-0296","article-title":"A polycystin-1 multiprotein complex is disrupted in polycystic kidney disease cells","volume":"15","author":"T Roitbak","year":"2004","journal-title":"Mol Biol Cell"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0244635.ref047","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1093\/ndt\/15.1.1","article-title":"Polycystin-1 interacts with E-cadherin and the catenins\u2014clues to the pathogenesis of cyst formation in ADPKD?","volume":"15","author":"J van Adelsberg","year":"2000","journal-title":"Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation"}],"container-title":["PLOS ONE"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0244635","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,10]],"date-time":"2022-12-10T17:14:30Z","timestamp":1670692470000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0244635"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"Giovanna","family":"Valenti","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"editor","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,5]]},"references-count":47,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,5]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0244635","relation":{},"ISSN":["1932-6203"],"issn-type":[{"type":"electronic","value":"1932-6203"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,5]]}}}