{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,26]],"date-time":"2025-10-26T21:38:16Z","timestamp":1761514696002},"reference-count":65,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,31]],"date-time":"2020-12-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1609372800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosone.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS ONE"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Spondyloarthritis Research Consortium Canada (SPARCC) score is an effective magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) evaluation method for inflammation in axial spondyloarthritis. Previously published meta-analyses have shown tumor necrosis factor \u03b1 inhibitors (TNFi) had great effectiveness on improving disease activity and function in axial spondyloarthritis. However, there still has no one that concentrates on the impact of TNFi on MRI inflammation. We conduct a meta-analysis to summarize the impact of TNFi on MRI inflammation in axial spondyloarthritis using SPARCC score. Comprehensive search was conducted in the databases of OVID Medline, OVID EMBASE, and Cochrane library on November 14, 2020. We investigated the differences in SPARCC score of sacroiliac joint and spine, before and after TNFi treatment in patients with axial spondyloarthritis. SPARCC score was further compared in the subgroup by diagnostic category and TNFi types. In addition, clinical assessment indicators including ankylosing spondylitis disease activity score, bath ankylosing spondylitis disease activity index, bath ankylosing spondylitis functional index, c-reactive protein were also analyzed. Data were pooled by mean differences (MD) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) and publication bias was assessed by Egger\u2019s test. Jadad scale was applied to assess the quality of included trials. Compared with control group, TNFi significantly improved SPARCC score of sacroiliac joints (n = 11, MD = 2.86, 95% CI 2.50, 3.23) and spine (n = 5, MD = 1.87,95%CI 1.27, 2.46). This effect was consistent among subgroups by different diagnostic category (ankylosing spondylitis, non-radiographic axial spondyloarthritis) and TNFi types (adalimumab, certolizumab pegol). Analysis of clinical assessment indicators also confirmed the therapeutic effect on axial spondyloarthritis. Egger\u2019s test suggested no possibility of publication bias. This meta-analysis shows that TNFi are effective to improve MRI inflammation in patients with axial spondyloarthritis and the treatment effectiveness is not affected by diagnostic category and TNFi types.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0244788","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,31]],"date-time":"2020-12-31T19:56:21Z","timestamp":1609444581000},"page":"e0244788","update-policy":"http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Impact of tumor necrosis factor \u03b1 inhibitors on MRI inflammation in axial spondyloarthritis assessed by Spondyloarthritis Research Consortium Canada score: A meta-analysis"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Yupeng","family":"Huang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yuehong","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tao","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sang","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Geng","family":"Yin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Qibing","family":"Xie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,31]]},"reference":[{"issue":"6","key":"pone.0244788.ref001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"777","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.2009.108233","article-title":"The development of Assessment of SpondyloArthritis international Society classification criteria for axial spondyloarthritis (part II): validation and final selection","volume":"68","author":"M Rudwaleit","year":"2009","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"issue":"suppl 2","key":"pone.0244788.ref002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"ii38","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/kew349","article-title":"New treatment targets for axial spondyloarthritis","volume":"55","author":"J Sieper","year":"2016","journal-title":"Rheumatology (Oxford)"},{"issue":"suppl 6","key":"pone.0244788.ref003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"vi1","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/key079","article-title":"Axial spondyloarthritis including ankylosing spondylitis","volume":"57","author":"J Braun","year":"2018","journal-title":"Rheumatology (Oxford)"},{"issue":"9783","key":"pone.0244788.ref004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2127","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(11)60071-8","article-title":"Spondyloarthritis","volume":"377","author":"M Dougados","year":"2011","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"6","key":"pone.0244788.ref005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"978","DOI":"10.1136\/annrheumdis-2016-210770","article-title":"2016 update of the ASAS-EULAR management recommendations for axial spondyloarthritis","volume":"76","author":"D van der Heijde","year":"2017","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"issue":"10","key":"pone.0244788.ref006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1285","DOI":"10.1002\/acr.24025","article-title":"2019 Update of the American College of Rheumatology \/ Spondylitis Association of America\/Spondyloarthritis Research and Treatment Network Recommendations for the treatment of ankylosing spondylitis and nonradiographic axial spondyloarthritis","volume":"71","author":"MM Ward","year":"2019","journal-title":"Arthritis Care Res (Hoboken)"},{"issue":"6","key":"pone.0244788.ref007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1756","DOI":"10.1002\/art.21054","article-title":"Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs reduce radiographic progression in patients with ankylosing spondylitis: a randomized clinical trial","volume":"52","author":"A Wanders","year":"2005","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"issue":"10","key":"pone.0244788.ref008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1623","DOI":"10.1136\/annrheumdis-2012-201370","article-title":"Continuous NSAID use reverts the effects of inflammation on radiographic progression in patients with ankylosing spondylitis","volume":"71","author":"F Kroon","year":"2012","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"issue":"10","key":"pone.0244788.ref009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1616","DOI":"10.1136\/annrheumdis-2011-201252","article-title":"Effect of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs on radiographic spinal progression in patients with axial spondyloarthritis: results from the German Spondyloarthritis Inception Cohort","volume":"71","author":"D Poddubnyy","year":"2012","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"issue":"8","key":"pone.0244788.ref010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1438","DOI":"10.1136\/annrheumdis-2015-207897","article-title":"Effect of continuous versus on-demand treatment of ankylosing spondylitis with diclofenac over 2 years on radiographic progression of the spine: results from a randomised multicentre trial (ENRADAS)","volume":"75","author":"J Sieper","year":"2016","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0244788.ref011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"243","DOI":"10.1136\/annrheumdis-2012-203055","article-title":"Effificacy of oral prednisolone in active ankylosing spondylitis: results of a double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled short-term trial","volume":"73","author":"H Haibel","year":"2014","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"issue":"6","key":"pone.0244788.ref012","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"557","DOI":"10.1016\/S1297-319X(01)00328-1","article-title":"Treatment of spondyloarthropathies. Recent advances and prospects in 2001","volume":"68","author":"M Dougados","year":"2001","journal-title":"Joint Bone Spine"},{"issue":"9","key":"pone.0244788.ref013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1147","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.2006.052878","article-title":"Efficacy of sulfasalazine in patients with inflammatory back pain due to undifferentiated spondyloarthritis and early ankylosing spondylitis: a multicenter randomized controlled trial","volume":"65","author":"J Braun","year":"2006","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"issue":"4 suppl 55","key":"pone.0244788.ref014","first-page":"S146","article-title":"Treatment of rheumatoid arthritis and ankylosing spondylitis","volume":"27","author":"J Braun","year":"2009","journal-title":"Clin Exp Rheumatol"},{"issue":"4 suppl 55","key":"pone.0244788.ref015","first-page":"S159","article-title":"Disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs in rheumatoid arthritis and ankylosing spondylitis","volume":"27","author":"H Haibel","year":"2009","journal-title":"Clin Exp Rheumatol"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0244788.ref016","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e000396","DOI":"10.1136\/rmdopen-2016-000396","article-title":"Efficacy and safety of biological and targeted-synthetic DMARDs: a systematic literature review informing the 2016 update of the ASAS\/EULAR recommendations for the management of axial spondyloarthritis","volume":"3","author":"A Sepriano","year":"2017","journal-title":"RMD Open"},{"issue":"6","key":"pone.0244788.ref017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"905","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.2011.151563","article-title":"2010 Update of the international ASAS recommendations for the use of anti-TNF agents in patients with axial spondyloarthritis","volume":"70","author":"D van der Heijde","year":"2011","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"issue":"9","key":"pone.0244788.ref018","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1690","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/ker194","article-title":"Persistent clinical efficacy and safety of infliximab in ankylosing spondylitis after 8 years\u2013early clinical response predicts long-term outcome","volume":"50","author":"X Baraliakos","year":"2011","journal-title":"Rheumatology (Oxford)"},{"key":"pone.0244788.ref019","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"180","DOI":"10.1159\/000289205","article-title":"The first decade of biologic TNF antagonists in clinical practice: lessons learned, unresolved issues and future directions","volume":"11","author":"PP Sfikakis","year":"2010","journal-title":"Curr Dir Autoimmun"},{"issue":"4","key":"pone.0244788.ref020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"663","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rdc.2016.07.006","article-title":"Imaging scoring Methods in axial spondyloarthritis","volume":"42","author":"X Baraliakos","year":"2016","journal-title":"Rheum Dis Clin North Am"},{"issue":"3","key":"pone.0244788.ref021","first-page":"556","article-title":"Use of dynamic magnetic resonance imaging to detect sacroiliitis in HLA-B27 positive and negative children with juvenile arthritides","volume":"25","author":"M Bollow","year":"1998","journal-title":"J Rheumatol"},{"issue":"5","key":"pone.0244788.ref022","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"353","DOI":"10.1007\/s11926-007-0057-3","article-title":"Advances in musculoskeletal imaging and their clinical utility in the early diagnosis of spondyloarthritis","volume":"9","author":"U Weber","year":"2007","journal-title":"Curr Rheum Rep"},{"issue":"10","key":"pone.0244788.ref023","first-page":"2048","article-title":"Selection of a method for scoring radiographs for ankylosing spondylitis clinical trials, by the Assessment in Ankylosing Spondylitis Working Group and OMERACT","volume":"32","author":"D van der Heijde","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Rheumatol"},{"issue":"10","key":"pone.0244788.ref024","first-page":"2050","article-title":"Scoring sacroiliac joints by magnetic resonance imaging. A multiple-reader reliability experiment","volume":"32","author":"R Landew\u00e9","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Rheumatol"},{"issue":"5","key":"pone.0244788.ref025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"703","DOI":"10.1002\/art.21445","article-title":"Spondyloarthritis Research Consortium of Canada magnetic resonance imaging index for assessment of sacroiliac joint inflammation in ankylosing spondylitis","volume":"53","author":"W Maksymowych","year":"2005","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"issue":"4","key":"pone.0244788.ref026","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"502","DOI":"10.1002\/art.21337","article-title":"Spondyloarthritis Research Consortium of Canada magnetic resonance imaging index for assessment of spinal inflammation in ankylosing spondylitis","volume":"53","author":"W Maksymowych","year":"2005","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"issue":"6","key":"pone.0244788.ref027","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1241","DOI":"10.1136\/annrheumdis-2014-205322","article-title":"Efficacy of TNF \u03b1 blockers in patients with ankylosing spondylitis and non-radiographic axial spondyloarthritis: a meta-analysis","volume":"74","author":"J Callhoff","year":"2015","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"issue":"9","key":"pone.0244788.ref028","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2199","DOI":"10.1007\/s00296-013-2772-6","article-title":"Treatment of ankylosing spondylitis with TNF blockers: a meta-analysis","volume":"33","author":"M Machado","year":"2013","journal-title":"Rheumatol Int"},{"issue":"6","key":"pone.0244788.ref029","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"777","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.2009.108233","article-title":"The development of assessment of spondyloArthritis international society classification criteria for axial spondyloarthritis (part I): classification of paper patients by expert opinion including uncertainty appraisal","volume":"68","author":"M Rudwaleit","year":"2009","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"issue":"4","key":"pone.0244788.ref030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"361","DOI":"10.1002\/art.1780270401","article-title":"Evaluation of diagnostic criteria for ankylosing spondylitis: a proposal for modification of the New York criteria","volume":"27","author":"S van der Linden","year":"1984","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0244788.ref031","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/0197-2456(95)00134-4","article-title":"Assessing the quality of reports of randomized clinical trials: is blinding necessary?","volume":"17","author":"A Jadad","year":"1996","journal-title":"Control Clin Trials"},{"issue":"12","key":"pone.0244788.ref032","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4005","DOI":"10.1002\/art.23044","article-title":"Adalimumab significantly reduces both spinal and sacroiliac joint inflammation in patients with ankylosing spondylitis:a multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study","volume":"56","author":"R Lambert","year":"2007","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"issue":"6","key":"pone.0244788.ref033","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"815","DOI":"10.1136\/annrheumdis-2012-201766","article-title":"Efficacy and safety of adalimumab in patients with non-radiographic axial spondyloarthritis: results of a randomized placebo-controlled trial (ABILITY-1)","volume":"72","author":"J Sieper","year":"2013","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"issue":"10","key":"pone.0244788.ref034","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2702","DOI":"10.1002\/art.39257","article-title":"A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, sixteen-week study of subcutaneous golimumab in patients with active nonradiographic axial spondyloarthritis","volume":"67","author":"J Sieper","year":"2015","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"issue":"4","key":"pone.0244788.ref035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"358","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1756-185X.2012.01734.x","article-title":"Adalimumab significantly reduces inflammation and serum DKK-1 level but increases fatty deposition in lumbar spine in active ankylosing spondylitis","volume":"15","author":"ZY Hu","year":"2012","journal-title":"Int J Rheum Dis"},{"issue":"2","key":"pone.0244788.ref036","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"418","DOI":"10.1002\/art.39434","article-title":"Course of magnetic resonance imaging-detected inflammation and structural lesions in the sacroiliac joints of patients in the randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled danish multicenter study of adalimumab in spondyloarthritis, as Assessed by the Berlin and Spondyloarthritis Research Consortium of Canada Methods","volume":"68","author":"S Pedersen","year":"2016","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheumatol"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0244788.ref037","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"70","DOI":"10.3899\/jrheum.161583","article-title":"Development and validation of MRI sacroiliac joint scoring methods for the semiaxial scan plane corresponding to the Berlin and SPARCC MRI scoring methods, and of a new global MRI sacroiliac joint method","volume":"45","author":"P Hededal","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Rheumatol"},{"issue":"6","key":"pone.0244788.ref038","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"480","DOI":"10.3109\/03009742.2015.1038300","article-title":"Effect of golimumab and pamidronate on clinical efficacy and MRI inflammation in axial spondyloarthritis: a 48-week open randomized trial","volume":"44","author":"CC Mok","year":"2015","journal-title":"Scand J Rheumatol"},{"issue":"10","key":"pone.0244788.ref039","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1590","DOI":"10.1002\/acr.23276","article-title":"Effects of long-term etanercept treatment on clinical outcomes and objective signs of inflammation in early non-Radiographic axial spondyloarthritis: 104-week results from the EMBARK study","volume":"69","author":"M Dougados","year":"2017","journal-title":"Arthritis Care Res (Hoboken)"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0244788.ref040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e000430","DOI":"10.1136\/rmdopen-2017-000430","article-title":"Effect of certolizumab pegol over 96 weeks of treatment on inflammation of the spine and sacroiliac joints, as measured by MRI, and the association between clinical and MRI outcomes in patients with axial spondyloarthritis","volume":"3","author":"J Braun","year":"2017","journal-title":"RMD Open"},{"key":"pone.0244788.ref041","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"38","DOI":"10.1186\/s13075-016-0916-2","article-title":"Evaluation of treatments for sacroiliitis in spondyloarthropathy using the Spondyloarthritis Research Consortium Canada scoring system","volume":"18","author":"Y Cui","year":"2016","journal-title":"Arthritis Res Ther"},{"issue":"7","key":"pone.0244788.ref042","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1101","DOI":"10.1002\/art.40866","article-title":"A Fifty-Two-Week, Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Trial of Certolizumab Pegol in Nonradiographic Axial Spondyloarthritis","volume":"71","author":"A Deodhar","year":"2019","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheumatol"},{"issue":"5","key":"pone.0244788.ref043","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"997","DOI":"10.3899\/jrheum.080871","article-title":"The natural course of radiographic progression in ankylosing spondylitis\u2014evidence for major individual variations in a large proportion of patients","volume":"36","author":"X Baraliakos","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Rheumatol"},{"issue":"5","key":"pone.0244788.ref044","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1388","DOI":"10.1002\/art.33465","article-title":"Baseline radiographic damage, elevated acute-phase reactant levels, and cigarette smoking status predict spinal radiographic progression in early axial spondylarthritis","volume":"64","author":"D Poddubnyy","year":"2012","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"issue":"3","key":"pone.0244788.ref045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"503","DOI":"10.1080\/14397595.2018.1525017","article-title":"Effect of anti-tumor necrosis factor \u03b1 treatment on radiographic progression in patient with ankylosing spondylitis: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"29","author":"HX Zong","year":"2019","journal-title":"Mod Rheumatol"},{"issue":"5","key":"pone.0244788.ref046","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"733","DOI":"10.1002\/art.41206","article-title":"The effect of therapy on radiographic progression in axial spondyloarthritis: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"75","author":"P Karmacharya","year":"2020","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheumatol"},{"issue":"2","key":"pone.0244788.ref047","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"234","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/keh008","article-title":"Magnetic resonance imaging of sacroiliitis in early seronegative spondylarthropathy. Abnormalities correlated to clinical and laboratory findings","volume":"43","author":"K Puhakka","year":"2004","journal-title":"Rheumatology (Oxford)"},{"issue":"2","key":"pone.0244788.ref048","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"102","DOI":"10.1007\/s11926-004-0054-8","article-title":"Imaging in spondyloarthropathies","volume":"6","author":"M Grigoryan","year":"2004","journal-title":"Curr Rheumatol Rep"},{"issue":"12","key":"pone.0244788.ref049","first-page":"2107","article-title":"Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for detection of active sacroiliitis: a prospective study comparing conventional radiography, scintigraphy, and contrast enhanced MRI","volume":"23","author":"U Blum","year":"1996","journal-title":"J Rheumatol"},{"issue":"9","key":"pone.0244788.ref050","first-page":"1953","article-title":"Early detection of sacroiliitis on magnetic resonance imaging and subsequent development of sacroiliitis on plain radiography: a prospective, longitudinal study","volume":"26","author":"J Oostveen","year":"1999","journal-title":"J Rheumatol"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0244788.ref051","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e000917","DOI":"10.1136\/rmdopen-2019-000917","article-title":"Predictors of remission in patients with non-radiographic axial spondyloarthritis receiving open-label adalimumab in the ABILITY-3 study","volume":"5","author":"J Sieper","year":"2019","journal-title":"RMD Open"},{"issue":"3","key":"pone.0244788.ref052","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"252","DOI":"10.1097\/BOR.0b013e3283524b82","article-title":"Treatment of ankylosing spondylitis in patients refractory to TNF-inhibition: are there alternatives?","volume":"24","author":"U Kiltz","year":"2012","journal-title":"Curr Opin Rheumatol"},{"issue":"2","key":"pone.0244788.ref053","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"176","DOI":"10.1136\/annrheumdis-2019-216118","article-title":"Efficacy and safety of ixekizumab through 52 weeks in two phase 3, randomised, controlled clinical trials in patients with active radiographic axial spondyloarthritis (COAST-V and COAST-W)","volume":"79","author":"M Dougados","year":"2020","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"issue":"5","key":"pone.0244788.ref054","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"20","DOI":"10.1007\/s11926-019-0818-9","article-title":"The effect of TNF inhibition on bone density and fracture risk and of IL17 inhibition on radiographic progression and bone density in patients with axial spondyloarthritis: a systematic literature review","volume":"21","author":"D Ashany","year":"2019","journal-title":"Curr Rheumatol Rep"},{"issue":"8","key":"pone.0244788.ref055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1340","DOI":"10.1136\/annrheumdis-2016-210322","article-title":"Tofacitinib in patients with ankylosing spondylitis: a phase II, 16-week, randomised, placebo-controlled, dose-ranging study","volume":"76","author":"D van der Heijde","year":"2017","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"issue":"8","key":"pone.0244788.ref056","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1390","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/key104","article-title":"Tofacitinib is associated with attainment of the minimally important reduction in axial magnetic resonance imaging inflammation in ankylosing spondylitis patients","volume":"57","author":"W Maksymowych","year":"2018","journal-title":"Rheumatology"},{"issue":"8","key":"pone.0244788.ref057","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1666","DOI":"10.3899\/jrheum.120131","article-title":"Defining the minimally important change for the SpondyloArthritis Research Consortium of Canada spine and sacroiliac joint magnetic resonance imaging indices for ankylosing spondylitis","volume":"39","author":"W Maksymowych","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Rheumatol"},{"issue":"7","key":"pone.0244788.ref058","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1257","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.2010.147033","article-title":"Relationship between active inflammatory lesions in the spine and sacroiliac joints and new development of chronic lesions on whole-body MRI in early axial spondyloarthritis: results of the ESTHER trial at week 48","volume":"70","author":"IH Song","year":"2011","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0244788.ref059","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1002\/acr.20008","article-title":"Magnetic resonance imaging grading system for active and chronic spondylarthritis changes in the sacroiliac joint","volume":"62","author":"K Madsen","year":"2010","journal-title":"Arthritis Care Res (Hoboken)"},{"issue":"10","key":"pone.0244788.ref060","first-page":"2042","article-title":"Application of the OMERACT filter to scoring methods for magnetic resonance imaging of the sacroiliac joints and the spine. Recommendations for a research agenda at OMERACT","volume":"32","author":"D van der Heijde","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Rheumatol"},{"issue":"6","key":"pone.0244788.ref061","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"948","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.2007.084244","article-title":"Development and validation of the Spondyloarthritis Research Consortium of Canada (SPARCC) enthesitis index","volume":"68","author":"WP Maksymowych","year":"2009","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0244788.ref062","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"79","DOI":"10.3899\/jrheum.140519","article-title":"Development and preliminary validation of the Spondyloarthritis Research Consortium of Canada magnetic resonance imaging sacroiliac joint structural score","volume":"42","author":"WP Maksymowych","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Rheumatol"},{"issue":"10","key":"pone.0244788.ref063","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1411","DOI":"10.3899\/jrheum.171329","article-title":"Feasibility and reliability of the Spondyloarthritis Research Consortium of Canada sacroiliac joint structural score in children","volume":"45","author":"P Weiss","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Rheumatol"},{"issue":"2","key":"pone.0244788.ref064","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"293","DOI":"10.1136\/annrheumdis-2017-211989","article-title":"Low-dose CT detects more progression of bone formation in comparison to conventional radiography in patients with ankylosing spondylitis: results from the SIAS cohort","volume":"77","author":"A de Koning","year":"2018","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"issue":"3","key":"pone.0244788.ref065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"544","DOI":"10.1136\/annrheumdis-2012-202661","article-title":"Quantitative measurement of syndesmophyte volume and height in ankylosing spondylitis using CT","volume":"73","author":"S Tan","year":"2014","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"}],"container-title":["PLOS ONE"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0244788","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,31]],"date-time":"2020-12-31T19:57:21Z","timestamp":1609444641000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0244788"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"Sarah","family":"Michiels","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"editor","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,31]]},"references-count":65,"journal-issue":{"issue":"12","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,31]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0244788","relation":{},"ISSN":["1932-6203"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1932-6203","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,31]]}}}