{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,31]],"date-time":"2025-12-31T11:26:06Z","timestamp":1767180366859,"version":"build-2238731810"},"reference-count":74,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,26]],"date-time":"2021-01-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1611619200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosone.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS ONE"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Autonomic neurons innervating uterine horn is probably the only nerve cell population capable of periodical physiological degeneration and regeneration. One of the main sources of innervation of the uterus is paracervical ganglion (PCG). PCG is a unique structure of the autonomic nervous system. It contains components of both the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous system. The present study examines the response of neurons of PCG innervating uterine horn to axotomy caused by partial hysterectomy in the domestic pig animal model. The study was performed using a neuronal retrograde tracing and double immunofluorescent staining for tyrosine hydroxylase (TH), dopamine beta-hydroxylase (D\u03b2H), choline acetyltransferase (ChAT), vesicular acetylcholine transporter (VAChT), neuronal nictric oxide synthase (nNOS), galanin, neuropeptide Y (NPY), vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP), pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating peptide (PACAP), somatostatin and substance P (SP). Our study showed that virtually all neurons of the porcine PCG innervating uterine horn are adrenergic and we did not confirm that PCG is the source of cholinergic fibers innervating uterine horn of the pig. After axotomy there was a decrease in expression of catecholamine-synthesizing enzymes (TH, D\u03b2H) and a strong increase in the galanin expression. The increase of the number of NPY-IR neurons in the ganglia after axotomy was observed. There were no changes in the expression of other studied substances in the PCG neurons innervating the uterine horn, what was often found in rodents studies. This indicates that neurons can respond to damage in a species-specific way.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0245974","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,26]],"date-time":"2021-01-26T13:46:27Z","timestamp":1611668787000},"page":"e0245974","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Effect of partial hysterectomy on the neurons of the paracervical ganglion (PCG) of the pig"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"16","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9162-5449","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Piotr","family":"Podlasz","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Krzysztof","family":"Wasowicz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"pone.0245974.ref001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00161044","article-title":"Projections of the guinea-pig paracervical ganglion to pelvic viscera","volume":"25","author":"BS Mitchell","year":"1993","journal-title":"Histochem J"},{"key":"pone.0245974.ref002","first-page":"15","article-title":"Uterus-innervating neurones of paracervical ganglion in the pig: Immunohistochemical characteristics","volume":"61","author":"K sowicz","year":"2002","journal-title":"Folia Morphol (Warsz)"},{"key":"pone.0245974.ref003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"655","DOI":"10.1016\/0306-4522(94)00595-V","article-title":"Visualization and immunohistochemical characterization of sympathetic and parasympathetic neurons in the male rat major pelvic ganglion","volume":"66","author":"JR Keast","year":"1995","journal-title":"Neuroscience"},{"key":"pone.0245974.ref004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2549","DOI":"10.1016\/0024-3205(67)90320-7","article-title":"Difference in rate of depletion and recovery of noradrenaline in \u201cshort\u201d and \u201clong\u201d sympathetic nerves after reserpine treatment","volume":"6","author":"C Owman","year":"1967","journal-title":"Life Sci"},{"key":"pone.0245974.ref005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"279","DOI":"10.1161\/01.RES.23.2.279","article-title":"Dual vasoconstrictor and vasodilator innervation of the uterine arterial supply in the guinea pig","volume":"23","author":"C Bell","year":"1968","journal-title":"Circ Res"},{"key":"pone.0245974.ref006","article-title":"Histochemical demonstration of a concomitant reduction in neural vasoactive intestinal polypeptide, acetylcholinesterase, and noradrenaline of cat uterus during pregnancy","author":"P Alm","year":"1986","journal-title":"Neuroscience"},{"key":"pone.0245974.ref007","first-page":"313","article-title":"Extensive sympathetic denervation of the uterus during pregnancy as evidenced by tyrosine hydroxylase determinations in the guinea pig","volume":"25","author":"C Owman","year":"1980","journal-title":"Adv Biochem Psychopharmacol"},{"key":"pone.0245974.ref008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"414","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01002427","article-title":"Effects of pregnancy on the extrinsic innervation of the guinea pig uterus. 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