{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,9]],"date-time":"2026-06-09T06:57:09Z","timestamp":1780988229350,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,9]],"date-time":"2021-02-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1612828800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosone.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS ONE"],"abstract":"<jats:sec id=\"sec001\">\n<jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Anal cancer, usually driven by an oncogenic Human Papillomavirus, remains a leading cause of morbidity in men who have sex with men (MSM) living with HIV, despite combined antiretroviral therapy. Various recommendations advocate to perform regular examination and proctologist-performed samples to anticipate this risk and treat locally before cancer occurrence, an efficient strategy which has the drawback of requiring the proctologist\u2019s availability. This study evaluates the acceptability, feasibility, and efficiency of self-performed samples to screen for HPV-infection and HPV-related anal dysplasia among MSM living with HIV followed in H\u00f4tel-Dieu Hospital.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"sec002\">\n<jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Between February 2015 and June 2015, MSM living with HIV and referred to the day-care hospital were offered to perform an anal self-sampling for cytologic and virologic evaluation. A self-sampling kit was provided, and a tutorial video was shown. A subset of participants had a proctology appointment after they did the self-sampling, and thus had a clinical examination and an anal swab sampling performed by the proctologist, using the same sampling material.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"sec003\">\n<jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Anal self-sampling was offered to 103 patients, and 100 accepted. Sixty-three samples were interpretable, of which 36 (57%) were normal and 27 (43%) showed abnormal results. Virologic analysis was performed for 60 (95%) interpretable samples: 50\/60 (83%) of them were positive for HPV. Among HPV-carrier patients, 42\/50 (84%) were infected with at least one HR-HPV. Twenty patients had a proctologist consultation. All clinician-performed samples were interpretable and 14 (70%) self-samples were interpretable.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"sec004\">\n<jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>This study highlights the acceptable accuracy of self-sampling screening method among MSM living with HIV and try out its acceptability and feasibility as a secondary prevention device. Although it cannot replace a proctologist consultation for high risk patients, self-sampling should be studied further as one of the ways of screening for anal cancer among low-risk outpatients.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0246338","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,9]],"date-time":"2021-02-09T19:17:14Z","timestamp":1612898234000},"page":"e0246338","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Ambulatory anal self-sampling in MSM living with HIV, an acceptable and reliable screening method"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Beno\u00eet","family":"Heid-Picard","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"B\u00e9atrix","family":"Cochand-Priollet","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Flore","family":"Rozenberg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David","family":"Giang-Phang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jean-Paul","family":"Viard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Valentina","family":"La Torre","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2914-959X","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Jade","family":"Ghosn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,9]]},"reference":[{"issue":"8","key":"pone.0246338.ref001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e349","DOI":"10.1016\/S2352-3018(17)30066-8","article-title":"Survival of HIV-positive patients starting antiretroviral therapy between 1996 and 2013: a collaborative analysis of cohort studies.","volume":"4","author":"A Trickey","year":"2017","journal-title":"Lancet HIV"},{"issue":"9939","key":"pone.0246338.ref002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"241","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(14)60604-8","article-title":"Trends in underlying causes of death in people with HIV from 1999 to 2011 (D:A:D): a multicohort collaboration.","volume":"384","author":"CJ Smith","year":"2014","journal-title":"The Lancet"},{"issue":"2","key":"pone.0246338.ref003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"291","DOI":"10.1128\/CMR.00013-15","article-title":"Human Papillomavirus Laboratory Testing: the Changing Paradigm.","volume":"29","author":"EM Burd","year":"2016","journal-title":"Clin Microbiol Rev"},{"issue":"2","key":"pone.0246338.ref004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"223","DOI":"10.1086\/505219","article-title":"Screening HIV-infected individuals for anal cancer precursor lesions: a systematic review","volume":"43","author":"EY Chiao","year":"2006","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis Off Publ Infect Dis Soc Am"},{"issue":"9","key":"pone.0246338.ref005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1455","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/jiv751","article-title":"Prevalence of and Risk Factors for Anal Oncogenic Human Papillomavirus Infection Among HIV-Infected Women in France in the Combination Antiretroviral Therapy Era","volume":"213","author":"I Heard","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Infect Dis"},{"issue":"12","key":"pone.0246338.ref006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1152","DOI":"10.1016\/S1470-2045(09)70282-7","article-title":"Effect of immunodeficiency, HIV viral load, and antiretroviral therapy on the risk of individual malignancies (FHDH-ANRS CO4): a prospective cohort study.","volume":"10","author":"M Guiguet","year":"2009","journal-title":"Lancet Oncol"},{"issue":"9119","key":"pone.0246338.ref007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1833","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(97)09028-4","article-title":"Spectrum of AIDS-associated malignant disorders","volume":"351","author":"JJ Goedert","year":"1998","journal-title":"Lancet Lond Engl"},{"key":"pone.0246338.ref008","unstructured":"Bressy J. Prise en charge du VIH\u2014Recommandations du groupe d\u2019experts [Internet]. Conseil national du sida et des h\u00e9patites virales. 2018 [cited 2018 Dec 29]. 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