{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,8]],"date-time":"2026-01-08T00:15:43Z","timestamp":1767831343169,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,4]],"date-time":"2021-02-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1612396800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/publicdomain\/zero\/1.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000030","name":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["U01-IP000492"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["U01-IP000492"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000030","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosone.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS ONE"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Pneumococcal carriage studies are important for vaccine introduction and treatment strategies. Pneumococcal carriage rates estimated in this cohort study among children in a rural community of northern India. Between August 2012 and August 2014, trained nurses made weekly home visits to screen enrolled children aged &lt;10 years for acute upper or lower respiratory infections (AURI\/ALRI) in Ballabgarh, Haryana. Nasal swab from infants aged &lt;1year and throat swab from children aged \u22651 year were collected. All specimens were cultured for pneumococci; isolates were serotyped and subjected to antimicrobial susceptibility testing. During the study period, 4348 nasal\/throat swabs collected from children with clinical features of ARI (836 ALRI, 2492 AURI) and from 1020 asymptomatic children. Overall pneumococcal carriage was 5.1%, the highest carriage rate among children &lt;1 year of age (22.6%). The detection rates were higher among children with ARI (5.6%; 95% CI: 4.8\u20136.4) than asymptomatic children (3.3%; 95% CI: 2.3\u20134.6). Among 220 pneumococcal isolates, 42 diverse serotypes were identified, with 6B\/C (8.6%), 19A (7.2%), 19F (6.8%), 23F (6.4%), 35A\/B\/C (6.4%), 15B (5%), 14 (4.5%) and 11A\/C\/D (3.2%) accounting for 50%. Forty-five percent of the serotypes identified are included in the current formulation of 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine. Ninety-six percent of isolates were resistant to co-trimoxazole, 9% were resistant to erythromycin, and 10% had intermediate resistance to penicillin with minimum inhibitory concentration ranges (0.125 to 1.5 \u03bcg\/ml). Pneumococcal detection was relatively low among children in our study community but demonstrated a diverse range of serotypes and half of these serotypes would be covered by the current formulation of 13-valent pneumococcal vaccine.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0246522","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,4]],"date-time":"2021-02-04T20:59:28Z","timestamp":1612472368000},"page":"e0246522","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Carriage rates and antimicrobial sensitivity of pneumococci in the upper respiratory tract of children less than ten years old, in a north Indian rural community"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Sambuddha","family":"Kumar","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0120-7612","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Debjani 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