{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,4]],"date-time":"2026-03-04T08:29:47Z","timestamp":1772612987357,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":21,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,26]],"date-time":"2021-05-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1621987200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosone.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS ONE"],"abstract":"<jats:p>SARS-CoV-2 infection in minks has become a serious problem, as the virus may mutate and reinfect humans; some countries have decided to cull minks. Here, the virus sequencing data in minks were analysed and compared to those of human-virus. Although the mink-virus maintained the characteristics of human-virus, some variants rapidly mutated, adapting to minks. Some mink-derived variants infected humans, which accounted for 40% of the total SARS-CoV-2 cases in the Netherlands. These variants appear to be less lethal and infective compared to those in humans. Variants that have mutated further among minks were not found in humans. Such mink-viruses might be suitable for vaccination for humans, such as in the case of the smallpox virus, which is less infective and toxic to humans.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0247626","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,26]],"date-time":"2021-05-26T13:40:22Z","timestamp":1622036422000},"page":"e0247626","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["SARS-CoV-2 mutations among minks show reduced lethality and infectivity to humans"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"16","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4826-6265","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Tomokazu","family":"Konishi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,26]]},"reference":[{"issue":"6525","key":"pone.0247626.ref001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"120","DOI":"10.1126\/science.abf6097","article-title":"SARS-CoV-2 spillover events","volume":"371","author":"P Zhou","year":"2021","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"pone.0247626.ref002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"340","DOI":"10.1038\/d41586-020-03218-z","article-title":"COVID mink analysis shows mutations are not dangerous\u2014yet","volume":"587","author":"S Mallapaty","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"pone.0247626.ref003","volume-title":"Denmark to cull up to 17 million mink amid coronavirus fears","author":"BBC","year":"2020"},{"key":"pone.0247626.ref004","author":"WHO","year":"2020","journal-title":"Mink-strain of COVID-19 virus in Denmark"},{"issue":"6525","key":"pone.0247626.ref005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"172","DOI":"10.1126\/science.abe5901","article-title":"Transmission of SARS-CoV-2 on mink farms between humans and mink and back to humans","volume":"371","author":"BB Oude Munnink","year":"2021","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"pone.0247626.ref006","author":"C Mossburg","year":"2020","journal-title":"10,000 mink are dead in Covid-19 outbreaks at US fur farms after virus believed spread by humans"},{"key":"pone.0247626.ref007","author":"ipj\/sri (dpa, Reuters, AP, AFP)","year":"2020","journal-title":"Lithuanian mink also corona-infected, tearful Danish PM apologizes"},{"key":"pone.0247626.ref008","article-title":"Fur mink infected with corona, killing 90,000 animals Spain","author":"S Hikita","year":"2020","journal-title":"Asahhi News"},{"key":"pone.0247626.ref009","volume-title":"Principal Component Analysis","author":"IT Jolliffe","year":"2002"},{"key":"pone.0247626.ref010","author":"International Fur Trade Federation","year":"2009","journal-title":"The Socio-Economic Impact of International Fur Farming"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0247626.ref011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19297","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-019-55253-0","article-title":"Principal Component Analysis applied directly to Sequence Matrix","volume":"9","author":"T Konishi","year":"2019","journal-title":"Scientific Reports"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0247626.ref012","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.1002\/gch2.1018","article-title":"Data, disease and diplomacy: GISAID\u2019s innovative contribution to global health","volume":"1","author":"S Elbe","year":"2017","journal-title":"Glob Chall"},{"key":"pone.0247626.ref013","article-title":"SARS -CoV-2 has mutated among minks, reducing the lethality and infectivity to human","author":"T Konishi","year":"2020","journal-title":"Dataset. Figshare"},{"key":"pone.0247626.ref014","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"322","DOI":"10.1186\/s12859-015-0749-z","article-title":"DECIPHER: harnessing local sequence context to improve protein multiple sequence alignment","volume":"16","author":"ES Wright","year":"2015","journal-title":"BMC Bioinformatics"},{"key":"pone.0247626.ref015","volume-title":"R: A language and environment for statistical computing","author":"R Core Team","year":"2020"},{"key":"pone.0247626.ref016","author":"WHO","year":"2021","journal-title":"WHO Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) Dashboard"},{"key":"pone.0247626.ref017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"404","DOI":"10.1093\/biomet\/26.4.404","article-title":"The use of confidence or fiducial limits illustrated in the case of the binomial","volume":"26","author":"CJ Clopper","year":"1934","journal-title":"Biometrika"},{"key":"pone.0247626.ref018","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"829","DOI":"10.1080\/01621459.1979.10481038","article-title":"Robust locally weighted regression and smoothing scatterplots","volume":"74","author":"WS Cleveland","year":"1979","journal-title":"J American Statistical Association"},{"key":"pone.0247626.ref019","article-title":"Progressing adaptation of SARS-CoV-2 to humans","author":"T Konishi","year":"2021","journal-title":"bioRxiv."},{"key":"pone.0247626.ref020","article-title":"Continuous mutation of SARS-CoV-2 during migration via three routes","author":"T Konishi","year":"2021","journal-title":"Figshare"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0247626.ref021","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"441","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-017-02806-4","article-title":"Probability of phenotypically detectable protein damage by ENU-induced mutations in the Mutagenetix database","volume":"9","author":"T Wang","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nature Communications"}],"container-title":["PLOS ONE"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0247626","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,26]],"date-time":"2021-05-26T13:40:44Z","timestamp":1622036444000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0247626"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"Dong-Yan","family":"Jin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"editor","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,26]]},"references-count":21,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,26]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0247626","relation":{"has-preprint":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1101\/2020.12.23.424267","asserted-by":"object"}]},"ISSN":["1932-6203"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1932-6203","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,26]]}}}