{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,28]],"date-time":"2026-10-28T14:27:24Z","timestamp":1793197644162,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,1]],"date-time":"2021-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1617235200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosone.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS ONE"],"abstract":"<jats:sec id=\"sec001\">\n<jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Tuberculosis (TB) is one of the major public health problems in Ethiopia. Determining treatment outcome of TB cases could help to understand the effectiveness of TB control efforts. The objective of this study was to assess TB treatment outcome and associated factors and determine the risk factors of death among TB cases who were on Directly Observed Treatment Short course (DOTS).<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"sec002\">\n<jats:title>Methodology<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>We analyzed a retrospective data for TB cases who were on DOTS at Dilla Referral Hospital from July 2011- June 2016. The study population was TB cases with known HIV status and whose treatment outcome was evaluated at the Hospital. Data were entered, cleaned and analyzed using statistical package SPSS for windows, version 20.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"sec003\">\n<jats:title>Result<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Out of 899 registered TB cases, 731 included in this analysis. Of these cases, 424 (58.0%) were male and 334 (45.7%) were in the age group of below 25 years. Treatment success rate of TB was 675 (92.3%) and death rate was 18 (2.5%). Treatment outcome showed statistically significant variation by HIV status (P &lt; 0.001). HIV status of the TB cases and pretreatment weight were associated with TB treatment outcome. HIV status of the TB cases was associated with death of the TB cases (Adjusted Odds Ratio (AOR) 5.0; CI 95%: 1.8\u201313.5).<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"sec004\">\n<jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>TB treatment success rate found in this study was high. Patient\u2019s weight and HIV status were associated with treatment outcome. Moreover, HIV status predicted death of TB cases. Cautious treatment follow-up and defaulter tracing mechanisms for TB cases with these risk factors were suggested.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0249369","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,1]],"date-time":"2021-04-01T18:04:20Z","timestamp":1617300260000},"page":"e0249369","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Treatment outcome of tuberculosis at Dilla Referral Hospital, Gedeo Zone, southern Ethiopia: A retrospective study"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"16","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4275-3695","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Endrias Markos","family":"Woldesemayat","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zewtir","family":"Azeze","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"pone.0249369.ref001","unstructured":"WHO. Global tuberculosis report. Geneva, Switzerland: World Health Organization, 2020."},{"key":"pone.0249369.ref002","unstructured":"WHO. Global tuberculosis report. Geneva, Switzerlnd: WHO, 2015"},{"key":"pone.0249369.ref003","unstructured":"MOH. Implementation Guideline for TB\/HIV Collaborative Activities in Ethiopia. Addis Ababa, Ethiopia: MOH, 2008."},{"key":"pone.0249369.ref004","unstructured":"FMOH. Guidelines for clinical and programatic management of TB, TB\/HIV and Leprosy in Ethiopia. Addis Ababa, Ethiopia."},{"key":"pone.0249369.ref005","unstructured":"WHO. Global tuberculosis report. Geneva, Switzerland: WHO, 2016."},{"key":"pone.0249369.ref006","unstructured":"FMOH. Comprehensive manual for clinical and programmatic management of TBL and TB\/HIV. Addis Ababa, Ethiopia: FMOH, 2016."},{"key":"pone.0249369.ref007","unstructured":"University of California San Francisco. comprehensive, up-to-date information on HIV\/AIDS treatment, prevention, and policy. 2013."},{"key":"pone.0249369.ref008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16","DOI":"10.1186\/s13690-017-0184-x","article-title":"Treatment outcomes of tuberculosis patients in nigist Eleni Mohammed general hospital, hosanna, southern nations, nationalities and peoples region, Ethiopia: a five year (June 2009 to August 2014) retrospective study","volume":"75","author":"T Mohammed","year":"2017","journal-title":"Archives of Public Health"},{"key":"pone.0249369.ref009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"680","DOI":"10.1186\/s13104-017-3020-z","article-title":"A retrospective study on tuberculosis treatment outcomes at Jinka General Hospital, southern Ethiopia","volume":"10","author":"B Wondale","year":"2017","journal-title":"BMC Res Notes"},{"key":"pone.0249369.ref010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"640","DOI":"10.1186\/s12879-016-1967-3","article-title":"Outcomes of TB treatment in HIV co-infected TB patients in Ethiopia: a cross-sectional analytic study","volume":"16","author":"SA Ali","year":"2016","journal-title":"BMC Infectious Diseases"},{"key":"pone.0249369.ref011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Melese A, Zeleke B, Ewnete B. Treatment outcome and associated factors among tuberculosis patients in Debre Tabor, Northwestern Ethiopia: A retrospective study. Tuberculosis Research and Treatment. 2016:1\u20138.","DOI":"10.1155\/2016\/1354356"},{"key":"pone.0249369.ref012","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"371","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2458-9-371","article-title":"Treatment outcome of tuberculosis patients at Gondar University Teaching Hospital, Northwest Ethiopia. A five\u2014year retrospective study","volume":"371","author":"B Tessema","year":"2009","journal-title":"BMC Public Health"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0249369.ref013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"50","DOI":"10.1080\/20786190.2014.995913","article-title":"Treatment outcome of tuberculosis patients at National Hospital Abuja Nigeria: a five year retrospective study","volume":"57","author":"OS Ofoegbu","year":"2015","journal-title":"South African Family Practice"},{"key":"pone.0249369.ref014","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.1186\/s41256-019-0128-9","article-title":"Reflecting on tuberculosis case notificationand treatment outcomes in the Voltaregion of Ghana: a retrospective poolanalysis of a multicentre cohort from 2013to 2017","volume":"4","author":"E Osei","year":"2019","journal-title":"Global Health Research and Policy"},{"key":"pone.0249369.ref015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"124","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2458-12-124","article-title":"Treatment outcomes of adult patients with recurrent tuberculosis in relation to HIV status in Zimbabwe","volume":"12","author":"CT Kudakwashe","year":"2012","journal-title":"BMC Public Health"},{"key":"pone.0249369.ref016","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"170","DOI":"10.1186\/s12879-017-2249-4","article-title":"High mortality among tuberculosis patients on treatment in Nigeria: a retrospective cohort study","volume":"17","author":"AL Adamu","year":"2017","journal-title":"BMC Infectious Diseases"},{"key":"pone.0249369.ref017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e114225","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0114225","article-title":"Trends of tuberculosis case notification and treatment outcomes in the Sidama Zone, Southern Ethiopia: Ten-Year retrospective trend analysis in Urban-Rural Settings","volume":"12","author":"MH Dangisso","year":"2014","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"issue":"2","key":"pone.0249369.ref018","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0150560","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0150560","article-title":"Treatment outcome of tuberculosis patients under directly observed treatment short course and factors affecting outcome in southern Ethiopia: A Five-Year Retrospective Study","volume":"11","author":"G Gebrezgabiher","year":"2016","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"key":"pone.0249369.ref019","unstructured":"FMOH. Guidelines for clinical and programmatic management of TB, TB\/HIV and Leprosy in Ethiopia. 2016."},{"key":"pone.0249369.ref020","article-title":"Treatment outcome of tuberculosis patients at Enfraz health center, Northwest Ethiopia: a five-year retrospective study","author":"M Endris","year":"2014","journal-title":"Tuberculosis Research and Treatment"},{"key":"pone.0249369.ref021","article-title":"Tuberculosis treatment outcomes and associated factors among TB patients attending public hospitals in Harar Town, eastern Ethiopia: A Five-Year Retrospective Study","volume":"11","author":"A Tola","year":"2019","journal-title":"Tuberculosis Research and Treatment"},{"key":"pone.0249369.ref022","unstructured":"WHO. Global tuberculosis control. Geneva, Switzerland: WHO, 2019."},{"key":"pone.0249369.ref023","unstructured":"Opoku S. Tuberculosis treatment outcome and associated factors at the Quarshie Memorial Hospital: University Of Ghana; 015."},{"issue":"5","key":"pone.0249369.ref024","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"521","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bjid.2012.12.010","article-title":"Treatment outcome of tuberculosis patients under directly observed treatment in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia","volume":"17","author":"B Getahun","year":"2013","journal-title":"The Brazilian Journal of Infectious Diseases"},{"key":"pone.0249369.ref025","article-title":"Determinants of tuberculosis treatment outcome under directly observed treatment short courses in Adama City, Ethiopia","author":"T Tesema","year":"2020","journal-title":"Plos one"},{"key":"pone.0249369.ref026","first-page":"1000176","article-title":"Treatment outcome of tuberculosis patients under directly observed treatment short course in Nekemte town, western Ethiopia","volume":"3","author":"E Ejeta","year":"2015","journal-title":"General Med"},{"key":"pone.0249369.ref027","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E331","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-0691.2012.03931.x","article-title":"Gender differences in treatment outcomes of tuberculosis patients in Taiwan: a prospective observational study","volume":"18","author":"JY Feng","year":"2012","journal-title":"Clin Microbiol Infect"},{"key":"pone.0249369.ref028","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1155\/2017\/6232071","article-title":"Factors associated with mortality among patients on TB treatment in the southern region of Zimbabwe, 2013","volume":"2017","author":"KC Takarinda","year":"2017","journal-title":"Tuberculosis Research and Treatment"}],"container-title":["PLOS ONE"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0249369","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,1]],"date-time":"2021-04-01T18:04:43Z","timestamp":1617300283000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0249369"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"Nicky","family":"McCreesh","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"editor"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,1]]},"references-count":28,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0249369","relation":{},"ISSN":["1932-6203"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1932-6203","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,1]]}}}