{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,3]],"date-time":"2026-11-03T13:30:11Z","timestamp":1793712611485,"version":"4.6.1"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,16]],"date-time":"2021-04-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1618531200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosone.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS ONE"],"abstract":"<jats:sec id=\"sec001\">\n<jats:title>Introduction and objective<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Ankylosing spondylitis (AS) has characteristics of spinal bone bridge and fusion. Although BMD reduction in AS may be presumed to be due to spinal inflammation, this study was designed to confirm whether immobilization of the spine due to syndesmophytes is related to BMD reduction, as immobilization itself is a risk factor for BMD reduction.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"sec002\">\n<jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Among male patients diagnosed with AS according to the modified New York criteria, those who underwent bone density tests with quantitative computed tomography (QCT) were retrospectively analyzed through a chart review. The correlation between the presence or absence of bone bridges for each vertebral body level of the L spine confirmed with radiography and BMD confirmed with QCT was analyzed.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"sec003\">\n<jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>A total of 47 male patients with AS were enrolled. The mean patient age was 46.8 \u00b1 8.2 years, and the mean disease duration was 7.9 \u00b1 6.4 years. The trabecular BMD of the lumbar spine (L1-L4) ranged from 23.1 to 158.45 mg\/cm<jats:sup>3<\/jats:sup> (mean 102.2 \u00b1 37 mg\/cm<jats:sup>3<\/jats:sup>), as measured with QCT. The lumbar BMD measurements showed that 30 patients (63.8%) had osteopenia or osteoporosis. Bone bridge formation showed a negative correlation with BMD. Low BMD was significantly correlated with bone bridge in the vertebral body (<jats:italic>p &lt;<\/jats:italic> 0.05). Positive correlations were observed between bone bridge score and BASMI flexion score, whereas significant negative correlations were found between BMD and BASMI flexion score (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> &lt; 0.05).<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"sec004\">\n<jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Decreased mobility of the vertebrae due to bone bridge formation affects the decrease in BMD in patients with AS.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0249578","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,16]],"date-time":"2021-04-16T18:05:46Z","timestamp":1618596346000},"page":"e0249578","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["The bone bridge significantly affects the decrease in bone mineral density measured with quantitative computed tomography in ankylosing spondylitis"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"So Yun","family":"Lee","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ran","family":"Song","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hyung In","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sang Wan","family":"Chung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yeon-Ah","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Seung-Jae","family":"Hong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Seong Jong","family":"Yun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3655-9546","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Sang-Hoon","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,16]]},"reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0249578.ref001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"273","DOI":"10.1186\/s13075-017-1480-0","article-title":"Which measuring site in ankylosing spondylitis is best to detect bone loss and what predicts the decline: results from a 5-year prospective study","volume":"19","author":"A Deminger","year":"2017","journal-title":"Arthritis Res Ther"},{"issue":"8","key":"pone.0249578.ref002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1465","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.2009.124206","article-title":"Both structural damage and inflammation of the spine contribute to impairment of spinal mobility in patients with ankylosing spondylitis","volume":"69","author":"P Machado","year":"2010","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"issue":"3","key":"pone.0249578.ref003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"555","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rdc.2012.08.003","article-title":"Pathophysiology of new bone formation and ankylosis in spondyloarthritis","volume":"38","author":"RJ Lories","year":"2012","journal-title":"Rheum Dis Clin North Am"},{"issue":"4","key":"pone.0249578.ref004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"269","DOI":"10.1097\/MAJ.0b013e31820f8b29","article-title":"Structural bone changes in spondyloarthritis: mechanisms, clinical impact and therapeutic considerations","volume":"341","author":"G. 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