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However, how these symptoms interact to moderate genetic factors in fibromyalgia has rarely been studied to date. The present research investigates whether psychological symptoms can moderate the effects of catechol-O-methyltransferase on pain and fatigue. A total of 108 women diagnosed with fibromyalgia and 77 healthy control participants took part in the study. Pain, fatigue, and psychological symptoms (anxiety, depression, pain catastrophizing, fear of pain and fear of movement) were measured by self-report questionnaires. Two types of statistical analyses were performed; the first was undertaken to explore the influences of <jats:italic>COMT<\/jats:italic> genotypes on clinical symptoms by comparing patients with fibromyalgia and healthy controls. In the second analysis, moderation analyses to explore the role of psychological symptoms as potential factors that moderate the relationship between pain\/fatigue and <jats:italic>COMT<\/jats:italic> genotypes were performed. The main results indicated that patients carrying the Met\/Met genotype reported significantly higher levels of fatigue than heterozygote carriers (i.e., Met\/Val genotype) and higher levels of fatigue, but not significantly different, than Val homozygote carriers. Among patients with fibromyalgia carrying methionine alleles (i.e., Met\/Met + Met\/Val carriers), only those who scored high on medical fear of pain, experienced an intensified feeling of fatigue. Thus, the present research suggests that fear of pain, as a psychological symptom frequently described in fibromyalgia may act as a moderating factor in the relationship between the Met allele of the <jats:italic>COMT<\/jats:italic> gene and the increase or decrease in self-reported fatigue. Although further research with wider patient samples is needed to confirm the present findings, these results point out that the use of psychological interventions focused on affective symptomatology might be a useful tool to reduce the severity of fibromyalgia.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0250547","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,28]],"date-time":"2021-04-28T21:17:23Z","timestamp":1619644643000},"page":"e0250547","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Fear of pain moderates the relationship between self-reported fatigue and methionine allele of catechol-O-methyltransferase gene in patients with fibromyalgia"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"16","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2367-3051","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"David","family":"Ferrera","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Francisco","family":"Mercado","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Irene","family":"Pel\u00e1ez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"David","family":"Mart\u00ednez-I\u00f1igo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4541-7016","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Roberto","family":"Fernandes-Magalhaes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Paloma","family":"Barjola","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Carmen","family":"\u00c9cija","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gema","family":"D\u00edaz-Gil","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Francisco","family":"G\u00f3mez-Esquer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"pone.0250547.ref001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"600","DOI":"10.1002\/acr.20140","article-title":"The American College of Rheumatology Preliminary Diagnostic Criteria for Fibromyalgia and Measurement of Symptom Severity.","volume":"62","author":"F Wolfe","year":"2010","journal-title":"Arthritis Care Res (Hoboken)."},{"key":"pone.0250547.ref002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"375","DOI":"10.1016\/S0304-3959(96)03188-0","article-title":"Sensory dysfunction in fibromyalgia patients with implications for pathogenic mechanisms","volume":"68","author":"E Kosek","year":"1996","journal-title":"Pain"},{"key":"pone.0250547.ref003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3200","DOI":"10.1002\/art.38781","article-title":"Altered Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Responses to Nonpainful Sensory Stimulation in Fibromyalgia Patients.","volume":"66","author":"M L\u00f3pez\u2010Sol\u00e0","year":"2014","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheumatol."},{"key":"pone.0250547.ref004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2353","DOI":"10.1007\/s10067-016-3315-9","article-title":"Psychological factors mediate key symptoms of fibromyalgia through their influence on stress.","volume":"35","author":"K Malin","year":"2016","journal-title":"Clin Rheumatol"},{"key":"pone.0250547.ref005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"216","DOI":"10.1186\/ar2146","article-title":"Biology and therapy of fibromyalgia. 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