{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,6]],"date-time":"2026-04-06T21:37:05Z","timestamp":1775511425734,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,30]],"date-time":"2021-04-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1619740800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosone.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS ONE"],"abstract":"<jats:p>A previous study has shown that late failure (&gt; 48 hours) of high-flow nasal cannula (HFNC) was associated with intensive care unit (ICU) mortality. The aim of this study was to investigate whether failure of non-invasive respiratory support, including HFNC and non-invasive positive pressure ventilation (NPPV), was also associated with the risk of mortality even if it occurs in the earlier phase. We retrospectively analyzed 59 intubated patients for acute respiratory failure due to lung diseases between April 2014 and June 2018. We divided the patients into 2 groups according to the time from starting non-invasive ventilatory support until their intubation: \u2264 6 hours failure and &gt; 6 hours failure group. We evaluated the differences in the ICU mortality between these two groups. The multivariate logistic regression analysis showed the highest mortality in the &gt; 6 hours failure group as compared to the \u2264 6 hours failure group, with a statistically significant difference (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> &lt; 0.01). It was also associated with a statistically significant increased 30-day mortality and decreased ventilator weaning rate. The ICU mortality in patients with acute respiratory failure caused by lung diseases was increased if the time until failure of HFNC and NPPV was more than 6 hours.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0251030","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,30]],"date-time":"2021-04-30T17:31:02Z","timestamp":1619803862000},"page":"e0251030","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Failure of non-invasive respiratory support after 6 hours from initiation is associated with ICU mortality"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"16","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2342-7245","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Mitsuaki","family":"Nishikimi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kazuki","family":"Nishida","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0207-9483","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Yuichiro","family":"Shindo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7686-2817","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Muhammad","family":"Shoaib","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Daisuke","family":"Kasugai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yuma","family":"Yasuda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Michiko","family":"Higashi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Atsushi","family":"Numaguchi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Takanori","family":"Yamamoto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shigeyuki","family":"Matsui","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9153-7695","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Naoyuki","family":"Matsuda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,30]]},"reference":[{"issue":"9685","key":"pone.0251030.ref001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"250","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(09)60496-7","article-title":"Non-invasive ventilation in acute respiratory failure","volume":"374","author":"S Nava","year":"2009","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0251030.ref002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"R20","DOI":"10.1186\/cc5695","article-title":"Effect of positive end-expiratory pressure and tidal volume on lung injury induced by alveolar instability","volume":"11","author":"JM Halter","year":"2007","journal-title":"Crit Care"},{"issue":"2","key":"pone.0251030.ref003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"179","DOI":"10.1097\/MAJ.0000000000000345","article-title":"High-flow nasal cannula oxygen in adult patients: a narrative review","volume":"349","author":"D Sotello","year":"2015","journal-title":"Am J Med Sci"},{"issue":"9","key":"pone.0251030.ref004","first-page":"614","article-title":"Noninvasive mechanical ventilation in early acute respiratory distress syndrome","volume":"127","author":"A Grassi","year":"2017","journal-title":"Pol Arch Intern Med"},{"issue":"13","key":"pone.0251030.ref005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"817","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199509283331301","article-title":"Noninvasive ventilation for acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease","volume":"333","author":"L Brochard","year":"1995","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"12","key":"pone.0251030.ref006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2516","DOI":"10.1097\/01.CCM.0000148011.51681.E2","article-title":"Does noninvasive positive pressure ventilation improve outcome in acute hypoxemic respiratory failure? 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