{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,3]],"date-time":"2026-07-03T21:08:48Z","timestamp":1783112928031,"version":"3.54.6"},"reference-count":48,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,27]],"date-time":"2021-05-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1622073600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100010135","name":"The Medical Society of Finland","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100010135","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100010119","name":"Stiftelsen Dorothea Olivia, Karl Walter och Jarl Walter Perkl\u00e9ns Minne","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100010119","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100010129","name":"Maud Kuistilan Muistos\u00e4\u00e4ti\u00f6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100010129","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosone.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS ONE"],"abstract":"<jats:sec id=\"sec001\">\n<jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Matrix metalloproteinase-8 (MMP-8) and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases-1 (TIMP-1) have been shown to predict prognosis in sepsis. However, MMP-8 and TIMP-1 in <jats:italic>Staphylococcus aureus<\/jats:italic> bacteremia (SAB) lacks evaluation and their role in the pathogenesis of SAB is unclear.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"sec002\">\n<jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>MMP-8 and TIMP-1 and MMP-8\/TIMP-1 molar ratio were determined at days 3, 5 and 28 from positive blood cultures in patients with methicillin-sensitive SAB and the connection to disease severity and early mortality was determined.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"sec003\">\n<jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Altogether 395 SAB patients were included. Patients with severe sepsis or infection focus presented higher MMP-8 levels at day 3 and 5 (p&lt;0.01). Higher day 3 and 5 MMP-8 levels were associated to mortality at day 14 and 28 (p&lt;0.01) and day 90 (p&lt;0.05). Day 3 MMP-8 cut-off value of 203 ng\/ml predicted death within 14 days with an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.70 (95% CI 0.57\u20130.82) (p&lt;0.01). Day 5 MMP-8 cut-off value of 239 ng\/ml predicted death within 14 days with an AUC of 0.76 (95% CI 0.65\u20130.87) (p&lt;0.001). The results for MMP-8\/TIMP-1 resembled that of MMP-8. TIMP-1 had no prognostic impact. In Cox regression analysis day 3 or 5 MMP-8 or day 3 MMP-8\/TIMP-1 had no prognostic impact whereas day 5 MMP-8\/TIMP-1 predicted mortality within 14 days (HR, 4.71; CI, 95% 1.67\u201313.3; p&lt;0.01).<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"sec004\">\n<jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>MMP-8 and MMP-8\/TIMP-1 ratio were high 3\u20135 days after MS-SAB diagnosis in patients with an infection focus, severe sepsis or mortality within 14 days suggesting that matrix metalloproteinase activation might play a role in severe SAB.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0252046","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,27]],"date-time":"2021-05-27T19:32:24Z","timestamp":1622143944000},"page":"e0252046","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Matrix metalloproteinase MMP-8, TIMP-1 and MMP-8\/TIMP-1 ratio in plasma in methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus 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