{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,18]],"date-time":"2026-09-18T17:21:14Z","timestamp":1789752074627,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":80,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,16]],"date-time":"2021-06-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1623801600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosone.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS ONE"],"abstract":"<jats:p>There is an upsurge in the use of mobile phones among higher education students in Ghana, which may result in the nomophobia prevalence with the students. Therefore, the need to assess the influence of nomophobia within the student population in Ghana. This descriptive cross-sectional study investigated the prevalence of nomophobia and the sociodemographic variables, and the association with academic achievement of the understudied population. A self-reporting nomophobia questionnaire, composed of 20 dimensions, was answered by 670 university students to measure the nomophobia prevalence. Raw data were estimated using descriptive statistics, and one-way ANOVA and Independent T-test. While the findings showed diverse grades of nomophobia, statistical significance between academic achievement and the level of nomophobia was observed. This study concludes that there is a high nomophobia prevalence among university students in Ghana as the use of smartphones increases. However, follow-up studies should be conducted in Ghanaian universities to monitor nomophobia and its associates in order to reduce the adverse effects of habitual use of smartphones.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0252880","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,16]],"date-time":"2021-06-16T17:27:21Z","timestamp":1623864441000},"page":"e0252880","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":37,"title":["The relationship between the nomophobic levels of higher education students in Ghana and academic achievement"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"16","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7232-3640","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Harry Barton","family":"Essel","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2033-7343","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Dimitrios","family":"Vlachopoulos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Akosua","family":"Tachie-Menson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"pone.0252880.ref001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"123","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chb.2018.12.022","article-title":"Examination of smartphone dependence: Functionally and existentially dependent behavior on the smartphone","volume":"93","author":"CS Park","year":"2019","journal-title":"Comput Hum Behav"},{"key":"pone.0252880.ref002","first-page":"20","article-title":"Higher education students\u2019 ownership and usage of smartphones and tablets: The case of Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology (KNUST)","volume":"5","author":"HB Essel","year":"2018","journal-title":"Int J Educ Tech"},{"key":"pone.0252880.ref003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"308","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tele.2013.06.001","article-title":"Examining the factors that influence early adopters\u2019 smartphone adoption: The case of college students","volume":"31","author":"SY Lee","year":"2014","journal-title":"Telemat Inform"},{"key":"pone.0252880.ref004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2632","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chb.2013.07.003","article-title":"Social networking on smartphones: When mobile phones become addictive","volume":"29","author":"M Salehan","year":"2013","journal-title":"Comput Hum Behav"},{"key":"pone.0252880.ref005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"290","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chb.2014.05.002","article-title":"Out of sight is not out of mind: The impact of restricting wireless mobile device use on anxiety levels among low, moderate and high users","volume":"37","author":"NA Cheever","year":"2014","journal-title":"Comput Hum Behav"},{"key":"pone.0252880.ref006","first-page":"254","article-title":"Bring Your own device to the classroom: Uses of the mobile phone for the University training","volume":"1","author":"JM Romero-Rodr\u00edguez","year":"2018","journal-title":"Turk Online J Educ Technol"},{"key":"pone.0252880.ref007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"353","DOI":"10.1504\/IJMC.2019.098595","article-title":"Factors affecting smartphone dependency of media consumers","volume":"17","author":"S Chan-Olmsted","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int J Mob Commun"},{"key":"pone.0252880.ref008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"246","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chb.2018.09.013","article-title":"Mobile ubiquity: Understanding the relationship between cognitive absorption, smartphone addiction and social network services","volume":"90","author":"SJ Barnes","year":"2019","journal-title":"Comput. 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