{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,8]],"date-time":"2026-02-08T12:49:18Z","timestamp":1770554958034,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,15]],"date-time":"2021-06-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1623715200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosone.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS ONE"],"abstract":"\nBackground<\/jats:title>\nAtherosclerosis is the leading cause of death in patients with diabetes. We aimed to evaluate the association between ankle-brachial index (ABI) and toe-brachial index (TBI) with carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT) in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2DM).<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n\nMethods<\/jats:title>\nThis cross sectional study included 296 patients with T2DM who met the American Diabetes Association criteria for the assessment of peripheral arterial atherosclerosis. The ABI \u2264 0.9 and TBI \u2264 0.7 were considered as abnormal values. Linear and logistic regression analyses were performed to evaluate the association between TBI\/ABI and CIMT.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n\nResults<\/jats:title>\nRight CIMT was significantly greater in the low TBI group (p<\/jats:italic> = 0.03) while, left CIMT did not show a significant difference. Each 0.1-unit decrease in TBI value was independently associated with 0.017 mm increase in the right CIMT (\u03b2 \u00b1 SE; -0.017 \u00b1 0.005, p<\/jats:italic> = 0.002) and with odds of the presence of increased CIMT [odds ratio and 95% confidence interval: 1.21 (1.02, 1.44)] after adjustment with all traditional risk factors. There was not any significant association between ABI and increased CIMT.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n\nConclusions<\/jats:title>\nBeyond a suitable tool for the diagnosis of peripheral artery disease in patients with T2DM, TBI can be applied for prediction of subclinical carotid atherosclerosis.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0253138","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,15]],"date-time":"2021-06-15T17:24:31Z","timestamp":1623777871000},"page":"e0253138","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Toe-brachial index is beyond a peripheral issue in patients with type 2 diabetes"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"16","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5847-2244","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Gisoo","family":"Darban Hosseini Amirkhiz","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mohammad Reza","family":"Babaei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6134-9906","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Nahid Hashemi","family":"Madani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mohammad Ebrahim","family":"Khamseh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"pone.0253138.ref001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"22","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2377-11-22","article-title":"The population-based Barcelona-Asymptomatic Intracranial Atherosclerosis Study (ASIA): rationale and design","volume":"11","author":"E Lopez-Cancio","year":"2011","journal-title":"BMC 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