{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,27]],"date-time":"2026-02-27T16:55:03Z","timestamp":1772211303222,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,24]],"date-time":"2021-06-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1624492800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Foundation of Innovative Diagnostics"},{"name":"Private HUG Foundation"},{"name":"Pictet Charitable Foundation"},{"name":"Swiss Confederation and humanitarian commission of the University Hospital of Geneva"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosone.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS ONE"],"abstract":"\n Background<\/jats:title>\n Antigen-detecting rapid diagnostic tests (Ag-RDTs) for the detection of SARS-CoV-2 offer new opportunities for testing in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. Nasopharyngeal swabs (NPS) are the reference sample type, but oropharyngeal swabs (OPS) may be a more acceptable sample type in some patients.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Methods<\/jats:title>\n \n We conducted a prospective study in a single screening center to assess the diagnostic performance of the Panbio\n \u2122<\/jats:sup>\n COVID-19 Ag Rapid Test (Abbott) on OPS compared with reverse-transcription quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) using NPS during the second pandemic wave in Switzerland.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results<\/jats:title>\n 402 outpatients were enrolled in a COVID-19 screening center, of whom 168 (41.8%) had a positive RT-qPCR test. The oropharyngeal Ag-RDT clinical sensitivity compared to nasopharyngeal RT-qPCR was 81% (95%CI: 74.2\u201386.6). Two false positives were noted out of the 234 RT-qPCR negative individuals, which resulted in a clinical specificity of 99.1% (95%CI: 96.9\u201399.9) for the Ag-RDT. For cycle threshold values \u2264 26.7 (\u2265 1E6 SARS-CoV-2 genomes copies\/mL, a presumed cut-off for infectious virus), 96.3% sensitivity (95%CI: 90.7\u201399.0%) was obtained with the Ag-RDT using OPS.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Interpretation<\/jats:title>\n \n Based on our findings, the diagnostic performance of the Panbio\n \u2122<\/jats:sup>\n Covid-19 RDT with OPS samples, if taken by a trained person and high requirements regarding quality of the specimen, meet the criteria required by the WHO for Ag-RDTs (sensitivity \u226580% and specificity \u226597%) in a high incidence setting in symptomatic individuals.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0253321","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,24]],"date-time":"2021-06-24T13:36:26Z","timestamp":1624541786000},"page":"e0253321","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":26,"title":["Diagnostic accuracy of Panbio rapid antigen tests on oropharyngeal swabs for detection of SARS-CoV-2"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Marie Th\u00e9r\u00e8se","family":"Ngo Nsoga","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ilona","family":"Kronig","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Francisco Javier","family":"Perez Rodriguez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Pascale","family":"Sattonnet-Roche","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Diogo","family":"Da Silva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Javan","family":"Helbling","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jilian A.","family":"Sacks","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3059-2986","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Margaretha","family":"de Vos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Erik","family":"Boehm","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6164-9693","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Ang\u00e8le","family":"Gayet- 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Infect"},{"key":"pone.0253321.ref011","article-title":"Evaluation of a rapid antigen test (Panbio\u2122 COVID-19 Ag rapid test device) for SARS-CoV-2 detection in asymptomatic close contacts of COVID-19 patients","author":"I Torres","year":"2021","journal-title":"Clin Microbiol Infect"},{"key":"pone.0253321.ref012","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jinf.2020.12.033","article-title":"Analytical and clinical performance of the panbio COVID-19 antigen-detecting rapid diagnostic test","author":"A Alemany","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Infect"},{"key":"pone.0253321.ref013","article-title":"Nasopharyngeal Swabs Are More Sensitive Than Oropharyngeal Swabs for COVID-19 Diagnosis and Monitoring the SARS-CoV-2 Load","volume":"7","author":"H Wang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front Med (Lausanne)"},{"key":"pone.0253321.ref014","first-page":"1","article-title":"Sensitivity of nasopharyngeal, oropharyngeal, and nasal wash specimens for SARS-CoV-2 detection in the setting of 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[cited 2021 Mar 31]. https:\/\/www.european-virus-archive.com\/"},{"issue":"3","key":"pone.0253321.ref016","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2000045","DOI":"10.2807\/1560-7917.ES.2020.25.3.2000045","article-title":"Detection of 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) by real-time RT-PCR","volume":"25","author":"VM Corman","year":"2020","journal-title":"Eurosurveillance"},{"issue":"6","key":"pone.0253321.ref017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1128\/mSphere.00827-20","article-title":"Daily Viral Kinetics and Innate and Adaptive Immune Response Assessment in COVID-19: a Case Series","volume":"5","author":"P Vetter","year":"2020","journal-title":"mSphere"},{"issue":"10","key":"pone.0253321.ref018","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2494","DOI":"10.3201\/eid2610.202403","article-title":"Culture-Competent SARS-CoV-2 in Nasopharynx of Symptomatic Neonates, Children, and Adolescents","volume":"26","author":"AG L\u2019Huillier","year":"2020","journal-title":"Emerg Infect Dis"},{"issue":"7809","key":"pone.0253321.ref019","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"465","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-020-2196-x","article-title":"Virological assessment of hospitalized patients with COVID-2019","volume":"581","author":"R W\u00f6lfel","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"pone.0253321.ref020","article-title":"Shedding of infectious virus in hospitalized patients with coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19): duration and key determinants","author":"JJA van Kampen","year":"2020","journal-title":"medRxiv"}],"container-title":["PLOS ONE"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0253321","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,24]],"date-time":"2021-06-24T13:36:50Z","timestamp":1624541810000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0253321"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"Nei-yuan","family":"Hsiao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"editor","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,24]]},"references-count":20,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,24]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0253321","relation":{"has-preprint":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1101\/2021.01.30.21250314","asserted-by":"object"}]},"ISSN":["1932-6203"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1932-6203","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,24]]}}}