{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,31]],"date-time":"2026-07-31T23:03:01Z","timestamp":1785538981798,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,17]],"date-time":"2021-06-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1623888000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosone.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS ONE"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Multiple sclerosis (MS) and neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) are inflammatory and demyelinating diseases that commonly manifest with optic neuritis (ON) but differ in the pathogenic mechanism. Although it was shown that retinal vessels might alter in MS and NMOSD, a comparative study has not been reported. This study evaluated the macular vessel density in 40 MS patients, 13 NMOSD patients, and 20 controls using optical coherence tomography angiography. The vessel density of superficial capillary plexus (SCP) was significantly lower in ON eyes (MS+ON, NMOSD+ON) than in non-ON eyes (MS-ON, NMOSD-ON) and controls. The density of deep capillary plexus (DCP) was significantly increased in MS+ON and MS-ON eyes compared to healthy eyes. In NMOSD+ON and NMOSD-ON, the DCP did not remarkably differ from the control group. A significant positive correlation was noted between SCP and ganglion cell complex (GCC) thickness in MS+ON, MS-ON, and NMOSD+ON. The DCP did not significantly correlate with GCC thickness, but it increased or decreased with ganglion cell loss in MS and NMOSD, respectively. In conclusion, our findings suggest that the capillary changes in MS patients are secondary to ganglion cells\u2019 atrophy, while vasculopathy seems to be a primary process in NMOSD patients.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0253417","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,17]],"date-time":"2021-06-17T13:33:16Z","timestamp":1623936796000},"page":"e0253417","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":24,"title":["Macular vessel density differs in multiple sclerosis and neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder: An optical coherence tomography angiography study"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Ma\u0142gorzata","family":"Rogaczewska","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S\u0142awomir","family":"Michalak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9540-9500","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Marcin","family":"Stopa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"pone.0253417.ref001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.1038\/s41572-018-0041-4","article-title":"Multiple sclerosis","volume":"4","author":"M Filippi","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nat Rev Dis Primers"},{"key":"pone.0253417.ref002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"273","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms17030273","article-title":"The Immunology of neuromyelitis optica-current knowledge, clinical implications, controversies and future perspectives","volume":"17","author":"M Jasiak-Zatonska","year":"2016","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"key":"pone.0253417.ref003","first-page":"2055217318791196","article-title":"Differences in clinical features between optic neuritis in neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders and in multiple sclerosis","volume":"4","author":"Siriraj Neuroimmunology Research Group","year":"2018","journal-title":"Mult Scler J Exp Transl Clin"},{"key":"pone.0253417.ref004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"149","DOI":"10.1111\/cei.12271","article-title":"Neuromyelitis optica: clinical features, immunopathogenesis and treatment","volume":"176","author":"S Jarius","year":"2014","journal-title":"Clin Exp Immunol"},{"key":"pone.0253417.ref005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8","DOI":"10.1111\/cen3.12354","article-title":"Clinical characteristics of autoimmune optic neuritis","volume":"8","author":"I. 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