{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T06:39:56Z","timestamp":1790836796276,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,6]],"date-time":"2021-07-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1625529600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"VIETNAM ADMINISTRATION OF HIV\/AIDS CONTROL","award":["0095, 2013"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["0095, 2013"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosone.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS ONE"],"abstract":"<jats:sec id=\"sec001\">\n<jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Vietnam is a high-prevalence country for tuberculosis (TB). Xpert MTB\/RIF is a novel PCR-based diagnostic test that is substantially more sensitive for detecting <jats:italic>M<\/jats:italic>. <jats:italic>tuberculosis<\/jats:italic> than traditional smear-based techniques. However, locally-derived evidence of Xpert MTB\/RIF in HIV-infected people is limited. This study evaluates the performance of the Xpert MTB\/RIF in HIV-infected patients with smear-negative pulmonary TB (SNTB).<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"sec002\">\n<jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>This was a cross-sectional study in 3 hospitals. The performance of Xpert MTB\/RIF was compared with the reference standard of liquid culture and phenotypic drug-susceptibility testing for rifampicin (RIF) resistance.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"sec003\">\n<jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Out of 123 patients, the median age was 37.0 (IQR: 32.0\u201341.0) and 81.3% were male. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve, sensitivity (Se) and specificity (Sp) of Xpert MTB\/RIF for pulmonary TB diagnosis were 0.72 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.63\u20130.81), 66.7% (95%CI: 54.8\u201377.1) and 77.1% (95%CI: 62.7\u201388.0), respectively, while Se and Sp of Xpert MTB\/RIF in detecting RIF resistance were 50.0 (11.8\u201388.2) and 86.4% (95%CI: 72.7\u201394.8).<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"sec004\">\n<jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>The performance of Xpert MTB\/RIF in HIV-infected patients with SNTB for the diagnosis of TB and RIF-resistance was low. Further studies are required to evaluate the results of Xpert MTB\/RIF assay in HIV-infected patients with SNTB and the role of Xpert repetition on the same specimens.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0253961","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,6]],"date-time":"2021-07-06T17:29:13Z","timestamp":1625592553000},"page":"e0253961","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["GeneXpert on patients with human immunodeficiency virus and smear-negative pulmonary tuberculosis"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Nguyen Kim","family":"Cuong","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6026-2270","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Nguyen Bao","family":"Ngoc","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nguyen Binh","family":"Hoa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5904-5970","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Vu Quoc","family":"Dat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nguyen Viet","family":"Nhung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"pone.0253961.ref001","unstructured":"World Health Organization. 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