{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,25]],"date-time":"2026-08-25T14:32:09Z","timestamp":1787668329640,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,22]],"date-time":"2021-07-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1626912000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"JSPS KAKENHI","award":["JP18K03185"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["JP18K03185"]}]},{"name":"JSPS KAKENHI","award":["JP20K03482"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["JP20K03482"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100008040","name":"Kao Corporation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100008040","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosone.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS ONE"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Emotion recognition is known to change with age, but associations between the change and brain atrophy are not well understood. In the current study atrophied brain regions associated with emotion recognition were investigated in elderly and younger participants. Group comparison showed no difference in emotion recognition score, while the score was associated with years of education, not age. We measured the gray matter volume of 18 regions of interest including the bilateral precuneus, supramarginal gyrus, orbital gyrus, straight gyrus, superior temporal sulcus, inferior frontal gyrus, insular cortex, amygdala, and hippocampus, which have been associated with social function and emotion recognition. Brain reductions were observed in elderly group except left inferior frontal gyrus, left straight gyrus, right orbital gyrus, right inferior frontal gyrus, and right supramarginal gyrus. Path analysis was performed using the following variables: age, years of education, emotion recognition score, and the 5 regions that were not different between the groups. The analysis revealed that years of education were associated with volumes of the right orbital gyrus, right inferior frontal gyrus, and right supramarginal gyrus. Furthermore, the right supramarginal gyrus volume was associated with the emotion recognition score. These results suggest that the amount of education received contributes to maintain the right supramarginal gyrus volume, and indirectly affects emotion recognition ability.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0254623","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,22]],"date-time":"2021-07-22T17:28:30Z","timestamp":1626974910000},"page":"e0254623","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":89,"title":["Volume of the right supramarginal gyrus is associated with a maintenance of emotion recognition ability"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Sayaka","family":"Wada","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4612-0115","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Motoyasu","family":"Honma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuri","family":"Masaoka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Masaki","family":"Yoshida","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nobuyoshi","family":"Koiwa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4477-2267","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Haruko","family":"Sugiyama","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Natsuko","family":"Iizuka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Satomi","family":"Kubota","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yumika","family":"Kokudai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4424-1629","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Akira","family":"Yoshikawa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shotaro","family":"Kamijo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sawa","family":"Kamimura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Masahiro","family":"Ida","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kenjiro","family":"Ono","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hidetoshi","family":"Onda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Masahiko","family":"Izumizaki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,22]]},"reference":[{"issue":"2","key":"pone.0254623.ref001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"225","DOI":"10.1016\/S0926-6410(01)00053-2","article-title":"Attention to emotion modulates fMRI activity in human right superior temporal sulcus","volume":"12","author":"J Narumoto","year":"2001","journal-title":"Brain Res Cogn Brain Res"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0254623.ref002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cogbrainres.2004.01.008","article-title":"Enhanced neural activity in response to dynamic facial expressions of emotion: an fMRI study","volume":"20","author":"W Sato","year":"2004","journal-title":"Brain Res Cogn Brain Res"},{"issue":"Pt 5","key":"pone.0254623.ref003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"883","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/122.5.883","article-title":"Dissociable neural responses to facial expressions of sadness and anger","volume":"122","author":"RJ Blair","year":"1999","journal-title":"Brain"},{"issue":"6650","key":"pone.0254623.ref004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"495","DOI":"10.1038\/39051","article-title":"A specific neural substrate for perceiving facial expressions of disgust","volume":"389","author":"ML Phillips","year":"1997","journal-title":"Nature"},{"issue":"5","key":"pone.0254623.ref005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1070","DOI":"10.1006\/nimg.2001.0904","article-title":"Arousal dissociates amygdala and hippocampal fear responses: evidence from simultaneous fMRI and skin conductance recording.","volume":"14","author":"LM Williams","year":"2001","journal-title":"Neuroimage"},{"issue":"3","key":"pone.0254623.ref006","first-page":"487","article-title":"Neural substrates of the ability to recognize facial expressions: a voxel-based morphometry study.","volume":"12","author":"S Uono","year":"2017","journal-title":"Soc Cogn Affect Neurosci"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0254623.ref007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1080\/17470910903135668","article-title":"Orbito-frontal lesions cause impairment during late but not early emotional prosodic processing.","volume":"5","author":"Silke Paulmann","year":"2010","journal-title":"Soc Neurosci."},{"key":"pone.0254623.ref008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"92","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2012.12.077","article-title":"BOLD response to deviant face detection informed by P300 event-related potential parameters: a simultaneous ERP-fMRI study.","volume":"71","author":"Salvatore Campanella","year":"2013","journal-title":"Neuroimage"},{"issue":"5","key":"pone.0254623.ref009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"409","DOI":"10.1111\/1467-9280.01455","article-title":"Aging and attentional biases for emotional faces.","volume":"14","author":"M Mather","year":"2003","journal-title":"Psychol Sci."},{"issue":"4","key":"pone.0254623.ref010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"788","DOI":"10.1037\/a0020607","article-title":"Older adults\u2019 decoding of emotions: role of dynamic versus static cues and age-related cognitive decline.","volume":"25","author":"AC Krendl","year":"2010","journal-title":"Psychol Aging"},{"issue":"4","key":"pone.0254623.ref011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"261","DOI":"10.1007\/s10919-011-0113-6","article-title":"Bringing an Ecological Perspective to the Study of Aging and Recognition of Emotional Facial Expressions: Past, Current, and Future Methods.","volume":"35","author":"DM Isaacowitz","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Nonverbal Behav."},{"key":"pone.0254623.ref012","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"297","DOI":"10.1007\/s10919-011-0116-3","article-title":"Ecological Validity and Age-Related Change in Emotion Recognition","volume":"35","author":"T. Ruffman","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Nonverbal Behav."},{"issue":"2","key":"pone.0254623.ref013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"666","DOI":"10.1037\/a0035246","article-title":"Introducing the Geneva emotion recognition test: an example of Rasch-based test development","volume":"26","author":"K Schlegel","year":"2014","journal-title":"Psychol Assess"},{"issue":"4","key":"pone.0254623.ref014","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"863","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2008.01.001","article-title":"A meta-analytic review of emotion recognition and aging: implications for neuropsychological models of aging.","volume":"32","author":"T Ruffman","year":"2008","journal-title":"Neurosci Biobehav Rev"},{"issue":"5","key":"pone.0254623.ref015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"638","DOI":"10.1037\/0894-4105.22.5.638","article-title":"Age-related differences in cognition: the role of distraction control.","volume":"22","author":"ES Darowski","year":"2008","journal-title":"Neuropsychology"},{"key":"pone.0254623.ref016","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"520","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2012.00520","article-title":"Superior recognition performance for happy masked and unmasked faces in both younger and older adults.","volume":"3","author":"J Sv\u00e4rd","year":"2012","journal-title":"Front Psychol"},{"key":"pone.0254623.ref017","first-page":"1","article-title":"Cognitive reserve and brain maintenance in aging and dementia: An integrative review","volume":"2021","author":"G Alvares Pereira","journal-title":"Appl Neuropsychol Adult"},{"issue":"6","key":"pone.0254623.ref018","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e38268","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0038268","article-title":"Education and dementia in the context of the cognitive reserve hypothesis: a systematic review with meta-analyses and qualitative analyses.","volume":"7","author":"X Meng","year":"2012","journal-title":"PLoS One."},{"key":"pone.0254623.ref019","first-page":"866","article-title":"On the connection between level of education and the neural circuitry of emotion perception.","volume":"8","author":"Liliana R Demenescu","year":"2014","journal-title":"Front Hum Neurosci."},{"key":"pone.0254623.ref020","first-page":"1148","article-title":"PERVALE-S: a new cognitive task to assess deaf people\u2019s ability to perceive basic and social emotions.","volume":"6","author":"Cristina Larr\u00e1n Jos\u00e9 M Mestre","year":"2015","journal-title":"Front Psychol."},{"issue":"10","key":"pone.0254623.ref021","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"851","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tics.2019.07.003","article-title":"The Default Mode Network\u2019s Role in Discrete Emotion.","volume":"23","author":"Ajay B Satpute","year":"2019","journal-title":"Trends Cogn Sci."},{"key":"pone.0254623.ref022","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"124","DOI":"10.1037\/h0030377","article-title":"Constants across cultures in the face and emotion","volume":"17","author":"P. Ekman","year":"1971","journal-title":"J. Pers. Soc. Psychol"},{"key":"pone.0254623.ref023","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"126","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2021.01.042","article-title":"Facial Emotion Perception in Borderline Personality Disorder: Differential Neural Activation to Ambiguous and Threatening Expressions and Links to Impairments in Self and Interpersonal Functioning","volume":"284","author":"JS Wrege","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Affect Disord"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0254623.ref024","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1186\/s13229-020-00377-8","article-title":"Autistic traits and individual brain differences: functional network efficiency reflects attentional and social impairments, structural nodal efficiencies index systemising and theory-of-mind skills.","volume":"12","author":"S Paul","year":"2021","journal-title":"Mol Autism."},{"issue":"9","key":"pone.0254623.ref025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4788","DOI":"10.1002\/hbm.23675","article-title":"Specifying the brain anatomy underlying temporo-parietal junction activations for theory of mind: A review using probabilistic atlases from different imaging modalities","volume":"38","author":"M Schurz","year":"2017","journal-title":"Hum Brain Mapp"},{"issue":"3","key":"pone.0254623.ref026","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"534","DOI":"10.1093\/cercor\/bhm079","article-title":"Morphology of the ventral frontal cortex: relationship to femininity and social cognition","volume":"18","author":"JL Wood","year":"2008","journal-title":"Cereb Cortex"},{"key":"pone.0254623.ref027","article-title":"Neural correlates of recursive thinking during interpersonal strategic interactions","author":"S Zhen","year":"2021","journal-title":"Hum Brain Mapp"},{"key":"pone.0254623.ref028","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"556519","DOI":"10.3389\/fnhum.2020.556519","article-title":"Hippocampus and parahippocampus volume reduction associated with impaired olfactory abilities in subjects without evidence of cognitive decline","volume":"14","author":"S Kubota","year":"2020","journal-title":"Frontiers in Human Neuroscience"},{"issue":"13","key":"pone.0254623.ref029","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1272","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0b013e318230208a","article-title":"Normative data for the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) in a population-based sample.","volume":"77","author":"HC Rossetti","year":"2011","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"issue":"2","key":"pone.0254623.ref030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"774","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2012.01.021","article-title":"FreeSurfer","volume":"62","author":"B. Fischl","year":"2012","journal-title":"Neuroimage"},{"issue":"14","key":"pone.0254623.ref031","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2452","DOI":"10.1017\/S0033291718003458","article-title":"Hippocampal subfields and visuospatial associative memory across stages of schizophrenia-spectrum disorder.","volume":"49","author":"CMJ Wannan","year":"2019","journal-title":"Psychol Med"},{"key":"pone.0254623.ref032","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"366","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2014.09.034","article-title":"Accurate automatic estimation of total intracranial volume: a nuisance variable with less nuisance.","volume":"104","author":"IB Malone","year":"2015","journal-title":"Neuroimage"},{"issue":"3","key":"pone.0254623.ref033","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"968","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2006.01.021","article-title":"An automated labeling system for subdividing the human cerebral cortex on MRI scans into gyral based regions of interest","volume":"31","author":"RS Desikan","year":"2006","journal-title":"Neuroimage"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0254623.ref034","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2010.06.010","article-title":"Automatic parcellation of human cortical gyri and sulci using standard anatomical nomenclature.","volume":"53","author":"C Destrieux","year":"2010","journal-title":"Neuroimage"},{"issue":"4","key":"pone.0254623.ref035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"555","DOI":"10.1097\/00004728-199107000-00005","article-title":"CT and MR evaluation of pericardial and retrosternal adhesions after cardiac surgery.","volume":"15","author":"O Duvernoy","year":"1991","journal-title":"J Comput Assist Tomogr"},{"key":"pone.0254623.ref036","article-title":"Co-planar stereotaxic atlas of the human brain: 3-dimensional proportional system: an approach to cerebral imaging: Thieme Medical Publishers.","author":"J Talairach","year":"1988"},{"issue":"3","key":"pone.0254623.ref037","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2492","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2010.10.014","article-title":"Meta-analytic evidence for common and distinct neural networks associated with directly experienced pain and empathy for pain","volume":"54","author":"C Lamm","year":"2011","journal-title":"Neuroimage"},{"issue":"5661","key":"pone.0254623.ref038","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1157","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1093535","article-title":"Empathy for pain involves the affective but not sensory components of pain","volume":"303","author":"T Singer","year":"2004","journal-title":"Science"},{"issue":"6","key":"pone.0254623.ref039","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"729","DOI":"10.1080\/17470919.2019.1586758","article-title":"Brain circuits involved in understanding our own and other\u2019s internal states in the context of romantic relationships","volume":"14","author":"S Esm\u00e9nio","year":"2019","journal-title":"Soc Neurosci"},{"issue":"2","key":"pone.0254623.ref040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"637","DOI":"10.1007\/s10803-015-2609-0","article-title":"Preserved Self-other Distinction During Empathy in Autism is Linked to Network Integrity of Right Supramarginal Gyrus.","volume":"46","author":"F Hoffmann","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Autism Dev Disord."},{"issue":"2","key":"pone.0254623.ref041","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"396","DOI":"10.1002\/hbm.22185","article-title":"Network-based analysis reveals stronger local diffusion-based connectivity and different correlations with oral language skills in brains of children with high functioning autism spectrum disorders","volume":"35","author":"H Li","year":"2014","journal-title":"Hum Brain Mapp"},{"key":"pone.0254623.ref042","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"421","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2016.03.009","article-title":"On the neurocognitive origins of human tool use: A critical review of neuroimaging data.","volume":"64","author":"E Reynaud","year":"2016","journal-title":"Neurosci Biobehav Rev"},{"issue":"3","key":"pone.0254623.ref043","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"215","DOI":"10.1007\/s40474-014-0019-1","article-title":"Neural Correlates of Developmental Speech and Language Disorders: Evidence from Neuroimaging.","volume":"1","author":"F Li\u00e9geois","year":"2014","journal-title":"Curr Dev Disord Rep."},{"key":"pone.0254623.ref044","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"580565","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2021.580565","article-title":"\"Finding an Emotional Face\" Revisited: Differences in Own-Age Bias and the Happiness Superiority Effect in Children and Young Adults.","volume":"12","author":"Nikolett Arato Andras N Zsido","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front Psychol."},{"issue":"6","key":"pone.0254623.ref045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"401","DOI":"10.1080\/00207594.2011.626049","article-title":"In the eye of the beholder? Universality and cultural specificity in the expression and perception of emotion.","volume":"46","author":"KR Scherer","year":"2011","journal-title":"Int J Psychol."},{"issue":"18","key":"pone.0254623.ref046","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1543","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cub.2009.07.051","article-title":"Cultural confusions show that facial expressions are not universal","volume":"19","author":"RE Jack","year":"2009","journal-title":"Curr Biol"}],"container-title":["PLOS ONE"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0254623","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,22]],"date-time":"2021-07-22T17:29:23Z","timestamp":1626974963000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0254623"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"Andreas","family":"Hahn","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"editor"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,22]]},"references-count":46,"journal-issue":{"issue":"7","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,22]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0254623","relation":{},"ISSN":["1932-6203"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1932-6203","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,22]]}}}