{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,17]],"date-time":"2026-07-17T22:57:03Z","timestamp":1784329023123,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,21]],"date-time":"2021-07-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1626825600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosone.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS ONE"],"abstract":"<jats:sec id=\"sec001\">\n<jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>General health check-up examinations in asymptomatic adults have not been shown to be beneficial. Instead, opportunistic prevention during regular primary care consultations is most cost-effective and recommended. The study aimed to elucidate the expectations about check-ups of the general Swiss population.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"sec002\">\n<jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>A nationwide cross-sectional telephone survey was conducted in a representative sample of the population, stratified by sex, age, and language in November 2019.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"sec003\">\n<jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Data of 1077 respondents were analysed. Mean age was 45 years (range 18 to 89), and 51% were female. Overall, 40% of respondents expected to have check-up examinations (yearly: 41.6%), and 42% expected opportunistic prevention. Most expected check-up interventions were sex-specific such as mammography (89% of women), Pap smear test (89% of women), and blood test of prostate-specific antigen (81% of men). The least favoured ones related to counselling (tobacco: 27%; alcohol abuse: 29%). Most significant predictors of positive check-up expectations were being male (OR = 1.45, CI: 1.02\u20132.05 <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = 0.04)), age between 45 and 59 years old (OR = 2.03, CI: 1.27\u20133.23, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = 0.003 vs. 18 to 29 years), having a degree from professional (OR = 1.73, 95% CIs: 1.11\u20132.69, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> 0.015) or, middle school (OR = 1.99, 95% CIs:1.04\u20133.78, <jats:italic>P = 0<\/jats:italic>.<jats:italic>037<\/jats:italic>) or university (OR = 1.66, 95% CIs: 1.06\u20132.61, <jats:italic>P&lt; 0<\/jats:italic>.<jats:italic>001<\/jats:italic>, vs. secondary school) and the more importance attributed to regularly checking one\u2019s health (OR = 2.12, 95% CIs: 1.70\u20132.36, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &lt; 0.001)<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"sec004\">\n<jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Almost half of the population expected to have mostly yearly check-up examinations in addition to regular care, which is in contradiction to recommendations. This behaviour impacts the rational use of health care resources and must be considered by physicians and given the active role of patients in the health care system.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0254700","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,21]],"date-time":"2021-07-21T17:47:30Z","timestamp":1626889650000},"page":"e0254700","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Expectations about check-up examinations among Swiss residents: A nationwide population-based cross-sectional survey"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"16","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3452-8797","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Laura","family":"Diaz Hernandez","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"St\u00e9phanie","family":"Giezendanner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4894-3564","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Roland","family":"Fischer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andreas","family":"Zeller","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,21]]},"reference":[{"issue":"10","key":"pone.0254700.ref001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"910","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-127-10-199711150-00010","article-title":"Historical changes in the objectives of the periodic health examination","volume":"127","author":"PKJ Han","year":"1997","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"issue":"19","key":"pone.0254700.ref002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1376","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1923.26430460003011","article-title":"Periodic medical examinations of apparently healthy persons","volume":"80","author":"H Emerson","year":"1923","journal-title":"J Am Med Assoc"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0254700.ref003","article-title":"General health checks in adults for reducing morbidity and mortality from disease","volume":"2019","author":"LT Krogsb\u00f8ll","year":"2019","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0254700.ref004","first-page":"041","article-title":"Opportunistic Prevention in Family Medicine: Anticipatory Care, Case-Finding and Continuity of Care","volume":"1","author":"J Turabian","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Heal Care Prev"},{"issue":"7413","key":"pone.0254700.ref005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"498","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.327.7413.498","article-title":"Is opportunistic disease prevention in the consultation ethically justifiable?","volume":"327","author":"L Getz","year":"2003","journal-title":"Br Med J"},{"issue":"581","key":"pone.0254700.ref006","first-page":"1901","article-title":"[Prevention and screening recommendations, from paper to electronic, a pilot project with a participative approach]","volume":"13","author":"R Cardinaux","year":"2017","journal-title":"Rev Med Suisse"},{"issue":"43","key":"pone.0254700.ref007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1936","DOI":"10.4414\/fms.2015.02452","article-title":"Recommandations suisses pour le bilan de sant\u00e9 au cabinet m\u00e9dical: pr\u00e9vention et d\u00e9pistage","volume":"15","author":"J Cornuz","year":"2015","journal-title":"Forum M\u00e9dical Suisse \u2012 Swiss Med Forum"},{"issue":"0506","key":"pone.0254700.ref008","article-title":"Check-up examination: recommendations in adults","volume":"145","author":"V Virgini","year":"2015","journal-title":"Swiss Med Wkly"},{"key":"pone.0254700.ref009","unstructured":"US Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF). www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org [Internet]. 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