{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,27]],"date-time":"2026-07-27T18:18:51Z","timestamp":1785176331664,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,21]],"date-time":"2021-07-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1626825600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosone.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS ONE"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Since the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic, it has been unclear how vulnerable people with HIV (PwH) are to SARS-CoV-2 infection. We sought to determine if PwH are more likely to test positive for SARS-CoV-2 than people without HIV, and to identify risk factors associated with SARS-CoV-2 positivity among PwH. We conducted a cross-sectional study in which we collected electronic medical record data for all patients who underwent SARS-CoV-2 PCR testing at an academic medical center. Presence of HIV and other chronic diseases were based on the presence of ICD-10 diagnosis codes. We calculated the percent positivity for SARS-CoV-2 among PwH and among people without HIV. Among PwH, we compared demographic factors, comorbidities, HIV viral load, CD4 T-cell count, and antiretroviral therapy (ART) regimens between those who tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 and those who tested negative. Comparisons were made using chi squared tests or Wilcoxon rank sum tests. Multivariate models were created using logistic regression. Among 69,763 people tested for SARS-CoV-2, 0.6% (431) were PwH. PwH were not significantly more likely to test positive for SARS-CoV-2 than people without HIV (7.2% (31\/431) vs 8.4% (5820\/69763), p = 0.35), but were more likely to be younger, Black, and male (p-values &lt; .0001). There were no significant differences in HIV clinical factors, chronic diseases, or ART regimens among PwH testing positive for SARS-CoV-2 versus those testing negative. In our sample, PwH were not more likely to contract SARS-CoV-2, despite being more likely to be members of demographic groups known to be at higher risk for infection. Differences between PwH who tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 and those who tested negative were only seen in Hispanic\/Latino ethnicity (non-Hispanic or Latino vs unknown Hispanic or Latino ethnicity (OR 0.2 95% CI (0.6, 0.9)) and site of testing(inpatient vs outpatient OR 3.1 95% CI (1.3, 7.4)).<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0254994","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,21]],"date-time":"2021-07-21T17:48:14Z","timestamp":1626889694000},"page":"e0254994","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["SARS-CoV-2 percent positivity and risk factors among people with HIV at an urban academic medical center"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"16","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5840-9763","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Eleanor E.","family":"Friedman","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Samantha A.","family":"Devlin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Moira C.","family":"McNulty","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jessica P.","family":"Ridgway","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"pone.0254994.ref001","unstructured":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [CDC]. CDC COVID Data Tracker 2020 [updated March 16, 2021]. 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U.S. Statistics [updated March 16, 2021]. Available from: https:\/\/www.hiv.gov\/hiv-basics\/overview\/data-and-trends\/statistics."},{"issue":"11","key":"pone.0254994.ref013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0207005","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0207005","article-title":"Global and regional trends of people living with HIV aged 50 and over: Estimates and projections for 2000\u20132020","volume":"13","author":"CS Autenrieth","year":"2018","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"12","key":"pone.0254994.ref014","first-page":"1525","article-title":"Comorbidities Among US Patients With Prevalent HIV Infection-A Trend Analysis","volume":"216","author":"J Gallant","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Infect Dis"},{"issue":"12","key":"pone.0254994.ref015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1781","DOI":"10.1097\/QAD.0000000000002607","article-title":"Disproportionate burden of coronavirus disease 2019 among racial minorities and those in congregate settings among a large cohort of people with 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York State: Results from a population-level match of HIV, COVID-19, and hospitalization databases","author":"JM Tesoriero","year":"2020","journal-title":"medRxiv"},{"issue":"10","key":"pone.0254994.ref027","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"399","DOI":"10.1089\/apc.2018.0066","article-title":"Gender Differences in HIV Testing, Diagnosis, and Linkage to Care in Healthcare Settings: Identifying African American Women with HIV in Chicago","volume":"32","author":"EA Almirol","year":"2018","journal-title":"AIDS Patient Care STDS"},{"issue":"12","key":"pone.0254994.ref028","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1021","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciaa1793","article-title":"Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Infection Among People With Human Immunodeficiency Virus in New York City: A Population-Level Analysis of Linked Surveillance Data","volume":"72","author":"SL Braunstein","year":"2021","journal-title":"Clin Infect 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