{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,12]],"date-time":"2026-05-12T19:36:56Z","timestamp":1778614616030,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,22]],"date-time":"2021-07-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1626912000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003093","name":"Ministry of Education, Malaysia","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["FRGS\/1\/2015\/SKK03\/UPM\/02\/1"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["FRGS\/1\/2015\/SKK03\/UPM\/02\/1"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003093","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosone.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS ONE"],"abstract":"<jats:sec id=\"sec001\">\n<jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>This study aimed to determine the prevalence of vertebral fractures (VF) in a selected urban population in Malaysia and to explore possible variables associated with VF in the study population.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"sec002\">\n<jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>A cross-sectional study involving community-living, healthy subjects aged between 45\u201390 years from the state of Selangor, Malaysia, were invited to attend a bone health check-up. Subjects with diseases known to affect bone metabolism or were on treatment for osteoporosis (OP) were excluded. Bone mineral density (BMD) was measured using dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA). Lateral and antero-posterior view lumbar spine x-rays were performed and VF was determined by the semi-quantitative Genant method.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"sec003\">\n<jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>A total of 386 subjects were studied. Asymptomatic morphometric VF were found in 44 (11.4%) subjects. T12 was the most common vertebrae to be fractured. The prevalence of VF was significantly higher in menopausal women (12.4%) compared to non-menopausal women, in those above the age of 60 (18.5%), in those of Chinese ethnicity (16.5%), in those with a low body fat percentage (17.1%) and among those with OP (27.0%). The mean (standard deviation) 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] levels were significantly higher in those with VF compared to those without VF, 67.64 (23.50) and 57.47 (21.71) nmol\/L, respectively. However, after multiple regression analysis, age over 60 years and OP on DXA BMD measurement were the only significant associated factors for VF.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"sec004\">\n<jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Overall, 11.4% of a selected Malaysian urban population had asymptomatic morphometric VF. Age over 60 years and OP on DXA BMD measurement, but not 25(OH)D levels, were associated with VF.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0255069","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,22]],"date-time":"2021-07-22T17:42:34Z","timestamp":1626975754000},"page":"e0255069","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Asymptomatic morphometric vertebral fractures and its associated factors: A cross-sectional study among adults in a selected urban area in Selangor, Malaysia"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"16","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0474-3667","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Swan Sim","family":"Yeap","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6939-9185","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Subashini C.","family":"Thambiah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Subapriya","family":"Suppiah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Salmiah","family":"Md-Said","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Geeta","family":"Appannah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Intan Nureslyna","family":"Samsudin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nurunnaim","family":"Zainuddin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Siti Yazmin","family":"Zahari-Sham","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Fen Lee","family":"Hew","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"pone.0255069.ref001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"785","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.285.6.785","article-title":"Osteoporosis prevention, diagnosis, and therapy","volume":"285","author":"NIH Consensus Development Panel on Osteoporosis Prevention, Diagnosis, and Therapy","year":"2001","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"issue":"2","key":"pone.0255069.ref002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjmed.2015.09.020","article-title":"Vertebral Fractures: Clinical Importance and Management","volume":"129","author":"DL Kendler","year":"2016","journal-title":"Am J Med"},{"key":"pone.0255069.ref003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1531","DOI":"10.1007\/s00198-017-3909-3","article-title":"Worldwide prevalence and incidence of osteoporotic vertebral fractures","volume":"28","author":"G Ballane","year":"2017","journal-title":"Osteoporos Int"},{"key":"pone.0255069.ref004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"523","DOI":"10.1016\/j.puhe.2012.03.002","article-title":"Prevalence of vertebral fracture in Asian men and women: comparison between Hong Kong, Thailand, Indonesia and Japan","volume":"126","author":"AW Kwok","year":"2012","journal-title":"Public Health"},{"issue":"7","key":"pone.0255069.ref005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1010","DOI":"10.1002\/jbmr.5650110719","article-title":"The prevalence of vertebral deformity in European men and women: the European Vertebral Osteoporosis Study","volume":"11","author":"TW O\u2019Neill","year":"1996","journal-title":"J Bone Miner Res"},{"issue":"2","key":"pone.0255069.ref006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"183","DOI":"10.1007\/s00774-011-0300-x","article-title":"The prevalence and risk factors of vertebral fractures in Korea","volume":"30","author":"CS Shin","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Bone Miner Metab"},{"key":"pone.0255069.ref007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.1016\/j.annepidem.2007.12.001","article-title":"Vitamin D status: measurement, interpretation, and clinical application","volume":"19","author":"MF Holick","year":"2009","journal-title":"Ann Epidemiol"},{"issue":"24","key":"pone.0255069.ref008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"39849","DOI":"10.18632\/oncotarget.16337","article-title":"The serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels and hip fracture risk: a meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies","volume":"8","author":"QB Lv","year":"2017","journal-title":"Oncotarget"},{"key":"pone.0255069.ref009","unstructured":"Lemeshow S, Hosmer DW, Klar J, Lwanga SK & World Health Organization (1990). 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