{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,14]],"date-time":"2026-10-14T09:10:52Z","timestamp":1791969052737,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,28]],"date-time":"2021-07-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1627430400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"eunice kennedy shriver national institute of child health and human development","award":["P2C HD050924"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["P2C HD050924"]}]},{"name":"Resource Allocation Program (RAP) Award from the UCSF National Center of Excellence in Women\u2019s Health"},{"name":"ansirh core support"},{"name":"An anonymous private foundation"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosone.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS ONE"],"abstract":"<jats:sec id=\"sec001\">\n<jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>More than 2,500 crisis pregnancy centers (CPCs), which seek to convince people considering abortion to continue their pregnancies, exist in the United States. However, the characteristics of people who visit CPCs and their pregnancy outcomes are largely unknown. This study sought to describe the characteristics of people considering abortion who report visiting CPCs, and whether CPC visit is associated with abortion or continuing the pregnancy 4 weeks later.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"sec002\">\n<jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Between August 2017 to May 2018, we recruited pregnant people searching for abortion services online, and 857 participants completed baseline and 4-week follow-up surveys. We described characteristics associated with visiting a CPC and compared pregnancy and abortion outcomes for those who reported CPC visit to those who did not using mixed-effects multivariable logistic regression.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"sec003\">\n<jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Overall, 13.1% of respondents visited a confirmed CPC. Living further away from a CPC was associated with lower odds of a CPC visit. At follow-up, respondents who had visited a CPC were significantly less likely to have had an abortion (29.5%) than those who had not visited a CPC (50.5%). In the adjusted models, respondents who had visited a CPC had higher odds of being pregnant and still seeking abortion (aOR: 2.26, 95% CI: 1.37\u20133.73) or continuing the pregnancy (aOR: 2.35, 95% CI: 1.33\u20134.15) (versus having had an abortion), than those who had not visited a CPC.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"sec004\">\n<jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>CPCs may be providing resources to people who are considering continuing their pregnancy and\/or they may be misleading people about the care and referrals they provide related to abortion. Pregnant people need access to accurate information, decision support, and resources to make the pregnancy or abortion decision that is best for them.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0255152","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,28]],"date-time":"2021-07-28T17:28:37Z","timestamp":1627493317000},"page":"e0255152","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":24,"title":["Pregnancy outcomes after exposure to crisis pregnancy centers among an abortion-seeking sample recruited online"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"16","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1557-8062","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Alice F.","family":"Cartwright","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Katherine","family":"Tumlinson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ushma D.","family":"Upadhyay","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"pone.0255152.ref001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"601","DOI":"10.1016\/j.contraception.2014.07.003","article-title":"Crisis pregnancy center websites: Information, misinformation and disinformation","volume":"90","author":"AG Bryant","year":"2014","journal-title":"Contraception"},{"key":"pone.0255152.ref002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"201","DOI":"10.1363\/4420112","article-title":"The public health risks of crisis pregnancy centers","volume":"44","author":"JD Rosen","year":"2012","journal-title":"Perspect Sex Reprod Health"},{"key":"pone.0255152.ref003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e16726","DOI":"10.2196\/16726","article-title":"A Web-Based Geolocated Directory of Crisis Pregnancy Centers (CPCs) in the United States: Description of CPC Map Methods and Design Features and Analysis of Baseline Data","volume":"6","author":"A Swartzendruber","year":"2020","journal-title":"JMIR Public Health Surveill."},{"key":"pone.0255152.ref004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e186","DOI":"10.2196\/jmir.9717","article-title":"Identifying national availability of abortion care and distance from major US cities: systematic online search","volume":"20","author":"AF Cartwright","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Med Internet Res"},{"key":"pone.0255152.ref005","article-title":"\u2018Choose Life\u2019 License Plates [Internet].","author":"Guttmacher Institute"},{"key":"pone.0255152.ref006","article-title":"Senate Budget Includes Funds For Anti-Abortion \u201cPregnancy Resource Centers.\u201d","author":"K Kasler","year":"2019","journal-title":"The Statehouse News Bureau"},{"key":"pone.0255152.ref007","article-title":"Texas House Votes to Cut $20 Million from Air Quality Budget to Fund Anti-Abortion Program","author":"A Zielinski","year":"2017","journal-title":"San Antonio Current"},{"key":"pone.0255152.ref008","article-title":"New federally funded clinics emphasize abstinence, natural family planning","author":"AE Cha","year":"2019","journal-title":"The Washington Post"},{"key":"pone.0255152.ref009","article-title":"Trump Administration Gives Family Planning Grant to Anti-Abortion Group","author":"KP Vogel","year":"2019","journal-title":"The New York Times"},{"key":"pone.0255152.ref010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"843","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMsa1506575","article-title":"Declines in Unintended Pregnancy in the United States, 2008\u20132011","volume":"374","author":"LB Finer","year":"2016","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"pone.0255152.ref011","unstructured":"eKYROS.com, Inc. 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