{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,9]],"date-time":"2026-09-09T04:07:40Z","timestamp":1788926860181,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,19]],"date-time":"2021-08-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1629331200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosone.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS ONE"],"abstract":"<jats:p>To study the side slip and rollover threshold of large bus in slope\u2013curve section under adverse weather, factors that affect the safety of large buses that run in slope\u2013curve section, such as rain, snow, cross-wind environmental factors, and road geometry, were analyzed to obtain the friction coefficient of the road surface under different rainfall and snowfall intensities through field measurements and to determine the six-component force coefficient of wind that acts on large buses through wind tunnel tests. The force analysis of large bus in slope-curve section was carried out, and the mechanical equations of large bus under the limit conditions of sideslip and rollover in slope-curve section were established. TruckSim simulation test platform was used to establish a three-dimensional road model and large bus mechanical model at a design speed of 100 km\/h. Input parameters, such as cross-wind speed and road friction coefficient, simulate the impact of wind-rain\/snow coupling. Under the combined action of wind-rain\/snow, the operation test of large bus in slope-curve section was carried out, and the key parameters and indicators of the sideslip and rollover of large bus in slope-curve section were outputted and analyzed. The sudden change point of lateral acceleration is the judging condition for sideslip of large bus in slope-curve section under different road friction coefficient (0.2\u20130.7), changing from 0.15m\/s<jats:sup><jats:bold>2<\/jats:bold><\/jats:sup> and stabilizing to 0.52 m\/s<jats:sup><jats:bold>2<\/jats:bold><\/jats:sup>, and a 0N vertical reaction force of the inner tire is the critical judging condition for rollover under road friction coefficient0.8, and the operating speed thresholds were proposed under different road friction coefficient. This study is expected to provide theoretical support for the speed limit of large bus in slope-curve section under adverse weather.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0256354","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,19]],"date-time":"2021-08-19T18:31:17Z","timestamp":1629397877000},"page":"e0256354","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":20,"title":["A simulation based large bus side slip and rollover threshold study in slope-curve section under adverse weathers"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"16","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1817-4901","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Lin","family":"Tian","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yanfei","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jueshuai","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wenzhen","family":"Lv","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"pone.0256354.ref001","volume-title":"Annual Report on Road Traffic Accidents of the People\u2019s Republic of China (2013)","author":"Traffic Management Bureau of the Ministry of Public Security","year":"2014"},{"key":"pone.0256354.ref002","first-page":"21","volume-title":"The Blue Book of Road Traffic Safety in China in 2011","author":"Institute of Highway Research, Ministry of Transport","year":"2011"},{"issue":"4","key":"pone.0256354.ref003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1705","DOI":"10.1016\/j.compositesb.2012.01.072","article-title":"Design of a composite roll bar for the improvement of bus rollover crashworthiness","volume":"43","author":"T K KYOUNG","year":"2012","journal-title":"Composites Part B: Engineering"},{"issue":"9","key":"pone.0256354.ref004","first-page":"399","article-title":"Investigation of factors affecting the injury severity of single-vehicle rollover crashes: A random-effects generalized ordered probit model","volume":"106","author":"J A ALIREZA","year":"2017","journal-title":"Accident Analysis & Prevention"},{"issue":"6","key":"pone.0256354.ref005","first-page":"127","article-title":"Evaluating the rollover propensity of trucks-A roundabout example","volume":"91","author":"T ANDREW","year":"2016","journal-title":"Accident Analysis & Prevention"},{"issue":"4","key":"pone.0256354.ref006","first-page":"149","article-title":"Robust indirect-defined envelope control for rollover and lateral skid prevention","volume":"61","author":"R MARTIN","year":"2017","journal-title":"Control Engineering Practice"},{"issue":"10","key":"pone.0256354.ref007","first-page":"114","article-title":"Modeling public bus\/minibus transport accident severity in Ghana","volume":"119","author":"F S ENOCH","year":"2018","journal-title":"Accident Analysis & Prevention"},{"key":"pone.0256354.ref008","volume-title":"Research on Bus Nonlinear Handling Stability and Control Strategy","author":"YG YAN","year":"2015"},{"key":"pone.0256354.ref009","volume-title":"Development and Verification of Joint Control Strategy for Roll and Yaw of Large Bus","author":"ZZ XIAO","year":"2018"},{"key":"pone.0256354.ref010","volume-title":"Optimal Control Allocation of Semi-active Suspension for Vehicle Rollover Prevention","author":"Y YANG","year":"2018"},{"key":"pone.0256354.ref011","volume-title":"Research on Handling Stability of Central Axle Trailer Train","author":"HY JI","year":"2018"},{"issue":"12","key":"pone.0256354.ref012","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"334","DOI":"10.1016\/j.isprsjprs.2018.10.004","article-title":"Road safety evaluation through automatic extraction of road horizontal alignments from Mobile LiDAR System and inductive reasoning based on a decision tree","volume":"146","author":"Jos\u00e9 Antonio Mart\u00edn-Jim\u00e9nez","year":"2018","journal-title":"Journal of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing"},{"issue":"10","key":"pone.0256354.ref013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"640","DOI":"10.1016\/j.trf.2018.06.021","article-title":"Effect of road geometry on driver fatigue in monotonous environments: A simulator study","volume":"58","author":"Behzad Farahmand","year":"2018","journal-title":"Transportation Research Part F: Traffic Psychology and Behaviour"},{"issue":"3","key":"pone.0256354.ref014","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1931","DOI":"10.1016\/j.trpro.2017.05.186","article-title":"Evaluation of the effects of auxiliary lanes on road traffic safety at downstream of U-turns","volume":"25","author":"Inder Pal Meel","year":"2017","journal-title":"Transportation Research Procedia"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0256354.ref015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"181","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aap.2018.10.014","article-title":"Accident risk of road and weather conditions on different road types","volume":"122","author":"Fanny Malin","year":"2019","journal-title":"Accident Analysis & Prevention"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0256354.ref016","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"108","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aap.2018.10.003","article-title":"The influence of shoulder characteristics on the safety level of two-lane roads: A case-study","volume":"122","author":"Victoria Gitelman","year":"2019","journal-title":"Accident Analysis & Prevention"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0256354.ref017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/S2095-7564(15)30084-2","article-title":"Fleet size estimation for spreading operation considering road geometry, weather and traffic","volume":"1","author":"Steven I-Jy Chien","year":"2014","journal-title":"Journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering (English Edition)"},{"key":"pone.0256354.ref018","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1244","DOI":"10.1016\/j.trpro.2020.08.146","article-title":"Probabilistic Geometric Design of Highways: A Review","volume":"48","author":"Kuldeep Kalita","year":"2020","journal-title":"Transportation Research Procedia"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0256354.ref019","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aap.2018.10.020","article-title":"Safety sensitivity to roadway characteristics: A comparison across highway classes","volume":"123","author":"Sikai Chen","year":"2019","journal-title":"Accident Analysis & Prevention"},{"issue":"2","key":"pone.0256354.ref020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1445","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jweia.2007.02.020","article-title":"Probabilistic assessment of road vehicle safety in windy environments","volume":"95","author":"J.Th. Sn\u00e6bjornsson","year":"2007","journal-title":"Journal of Wind Engineering and Industrial Aerodynamics"},{"issue":"8","key":"pone.0256354.ref021","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"983","DOI":"10.1080\/00423110903078794","article-title":"Cross-wind effects on road and rail vehicles","volume":"47","author":"C.J. Backer","year":"2009","journal-title":"Vehicle System Dynamics"},{"issue":"7","key":"pone.0256354.ref022","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jweia.2009.08.008","article-title":"A comparison of different methods to evaluate the wind induced forces on a high sided lorry","volume":"98","author":"M. Sterling","year":"2010","journal-title":"Journal of Wind Engineering and Industrial Aerodynamics"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0256354.ref023","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"115","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhazmat.2004.02.019","article-title":"Methods of multidisciplinary in-depth analyses of road traffic accidents","volume":"111","author":"Lotte Larsen","year":"2004","journal-title":"Journal of Hazardous Materials"},{"key":"pone.0256354.ref024","first-page":"73","article-title":"Frictional performance of pavement and estimates of accident probability","volume":"763","author":"J L Burchett","journal-title":"ASTM Special Technical Publication"},{"key":"pone.0256354.ref025","volume-title":"Relationship between skidding resistance and accident frequency: estimate based on seasonal variation","author":"J R Hosking","year":"1986"},{"key":"pone.0256354.ref026","first-page":"95","volume-title":"Effects of right side water drag on vehicle dynamics and accident causation","author":"Philip V Hight","year":"1990"},{"key":"pone.0256354.ref027","first-page":"1","volume-title":"Multilane highway design crossfall and drainage issue","author":"A M Khan","year":"1994"},{"key":"pone.0256354.ref028","first-page":"123","volume-title":"Urban Freeway Crash Analysis\u2014Geometric, Operational, and Weather Effects on Crash Number and Severity","author":"Pantelis Kopelias","year":"2007"},{"key":"pone.0256354.ref029","volume-title":"Road Survey and Design","author":"JL XU","year":"2018"},{"key":"pone.0256354.ref030","volume-title":"Design Specification for Highway Alignment","year":"2017"}],"container-title":["PLOS ONE"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0256354","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,19]],"date-time":"2021-08-19T18:31:53Z","timestamp":1629397913000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0256354"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"Feng","family":"Chen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"editor"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,19]]},"references-count":30,"journal-issue":{"issue":"8","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,19]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0256354","relation":{},"ISSN":["1932-6203"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1932-6203","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,19]]}}}