{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,22]],"date-time":"2026-03-22T09:47:53Z","timestamp":1774172873554,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,13]],"date-time":"2021-10-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1634083200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004901","name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o de Amparo \u00e0 Pesquisa do Estado de Minas Gerais","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["PPM-00792-18"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PPM-00792-18"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004901","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003593","name":"Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient\u00edfico e Tecnol\u00f3gico","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["303680\/2020-2"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["303680\/2020-2"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003593","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Coordena\u00e7\u00e3o de Aperfei\u00e7oamento de Pessoal de N\u00edvel Superior - CAPES","award":["Finance Code 001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Finance Code 001"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosone.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS ONE"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The present study aimed to check the sand flies\u2019 fauna on the municipality of Lassance, Minas Gerais, Brazil and detect the presence of <jats:italic>Leishmania<\/jats:italic> DNA on the female captured and determine the risk areas of the municipality. Sand flies were collected monthly from May 2018 to April 2019 using automatic light traps for 3 consecutive nights. Eight houses were selected as sample points due its previous reports of tegumentary leishmaniasis and\/or canine leishmaniasis. The sand fly\u2019s fauna found on the present study it\u2019s represented by several medical importance species and the most abundant species found were <jats:italic>Lutzomyia longipalpis<\/jats:italic> (77.09%) and <jats:italic>Nyssomyia intermedia<\/jats:italic> (10.06%). <jats:italic>Leishmania infantum<\/jats:italic> DNA was detected in a pool of <jats:italic>Lu<\/jats:italic>. <jats:italic>longipalpis<\/jats:italic> resulting on a 2.81% of infection rate. By the frequency of the two most abundant species on this study, we developed a risk area map and it draws attention to sample point 6 due to disparate abundance of sand flies at this site (81.81%). Statistical overview shows <jats:italic>Lu<\/jats:italic>. <jats:italic>longipalpis<\/jats:italic> as dominant species and, still, Non-Metric Multidimensional Scaling analysis reveal high similarity on fauna\u2019s diversity on the study area. Our findings suggest that the diversity of sand flies from the municipality of Lassance may promote the circulation of <jats:italic>Leishmania infantum<\/jats:italic> parasites putting in risk the habitants and other mammal\u2019s species. Still, our study reinforces the necessity of specific studies focused on breed sites of phlebotomine and its\u2019 ecology to expand the knowledge about the behaviour of this group of insects applying directly to leishmaniases\u2019 epidemiology.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0257043","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,13]],"date-time":"2021-10-13T18:39:39Z","timestamp":1634150379000},"page":"e0257043","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["The sand fly (Diptera: Psychodidae) fauna of the urban area of Lassance, Northeast Minas Gerais, Brazil"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Gabriel Barbosa","family":"Tonelli","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Camila","family":"Binder","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Victoria Laporte Carneiro","family":"Nogueira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Marina Henriques","family":"Prado","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gabriela Gon\u00e7alves","family":"Theobaldo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Aldenise Martins","family":"Campos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Carina Margonari","family":"de Souza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9754-8464","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Jos\u00e9 Dilermando","family":"Andrade Filho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,13]]},"reference":[{"issue":"3","key":"pone.0257043.ref001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0004349","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0004349","article-title":"A Historical Overview of the Classification, Evolution, and Dispersion of Leishmania Parasites and Sandflies","volume":"10","author":"M Akhoundi","year":"2016","journal-title":"PLoS Negl Trop Dis"},{"key":"pone.0257043.ref002","unstructured":"Shimabukuro PHF, Andrade AJ, Galati EAB 2021. Phlebotominae in Cat\u00e1logo Taxon\u00f4mico da Fauna do Brasil. PNUD. <http:\/\/fauna.jbrj.gov.br\/fauna\/faunadobrasil\/3297>. Accessed on: 09 Jun 2021."},{"issue":"3","key":"pone.0257043.ref003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0220268","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0220268","article-title":"Species composition of sand flies (Diptera: Psychodidae) in caves of Quadril\u00e1tero Ferr\u0131\u00edfero, state of Minas Gerais, Brazil","volume":"15","author":"AM Campos","year":"2020","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"issue":"6","key":"pone.0257043.ref004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0234445","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0234445","article-title":"Diversity of phlebotomine sand flies and molecular detection of trypanosomatids in Brumadinho, Minas Gerais, Brazil","volume":"15","author":"A Tanure","year":"2020","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"issue":"2","key":"pone.0257043.ref005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0211831","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0211831","article-title":"Detection of multiple circulating Leishmania species in Lutzomyia longipalpis in the city of Governador Valadares, southeastern Brazil","volume":"14","author":"MS Cardoso","year":"2019","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"key":"pone.0257043.ref006","first-page":"31","article-title":"Transmission of cutaneous leishmaniasis in the State of S. Paulo, Brazil","volume":"10","author":"OP Forattini","year":"1976","journal-title":"Rev Sa\u00fade P\u00fabl"},{"key":"pone.0257043.ref007","first-page":"15","volume-title":"Flebotom\u00edneos do Brasil","author":"IA Sherlock","year":"2003"},{"key":"pone.0257043.ref008","volume-title":"Sistema de Informa\u00e7\u00e3o de Agravos de Notifica\u00e7\u00e3o\u2014SINAN","author":"Secretaria de Vigil\u00e2ncia em Sa\u00fade","year":"2021"},{"issue":"8","key":"pone.0257043.ref009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"843","DOI":"10.1590\/S0074-02762008000800018","article-title":"Sandflies (Diptera: Psychodidae: Phlebotominae) collected on the banks of the Velhas River in the state of Minas Gerais, Brazil","volume":"103","author":"L Saraiva","year":"2008","journal-title":"Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro"},{"key":"pone.0257043.ref010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1159","DOI":"10.1603\/033.046.0525","article-title":"Natural infection of Lutzomyia neivai and Lutzomyia sallesi (Diptera: Psychodidae) by Leishmania infantum chagasi in Brazil","volume":"46","author":"L Saraiva","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Med Entomol"},{"issue":"7","key":"pone.0257043.ref011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"867","DOI":"10.1590\/S0074-02762012000700005","article-title":"Biogeographical aspects of the occurrence of Nyssomyia neivai and Nyssomyia intermedia (Diptera: Psychodidae) in a sympatric area of the Brazilian savannah","volume":"107","author":"L Saraiva","year":"2012","journal-title":"Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro"},{"key":"pone.0257043.ref012","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"158","DOI":"10.1186\/1756-3305-4-158","article-title":"Description of Evandromyia spelunca, a new phlebotomine species of the cortelezzii complex, from a cave in Minas Gerais State, Brazil (Diptera: Psychodidae: Phlebotominae)","volume":"4","author":"GML Carvalho","year":"2011","journal-title":"Parasites & Vectors"},{"issue":"12","key":"pone.0257043.ref013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e52254","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0052254","article-title":"Hourly Activity and Natural Infection of Sandflies (Diptera: Psychodidae) Captured from the Aphotic Zone of a Cave, Minas Gerais State, Brazil","volume":"7","author":"GMdL Carvalho","year":"2012","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0257043.ref014","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"196","DOI":"10.1093\/jme\/tjw137","article-title":"Molecular detection of Leishmania DNA in wild-caught phlebotomine sand flies (Diptera: Psychodidae) from a cave in the state of Minas Gerais, Brazil","volume":"54","author":"GML Carvalho","year":"2017","journal-title":"Journal of Medical Entomology"},{"key":"pone.0257043.ref015","unstructured":"INSTITUTO BRASILEIRO DE GEOGRAFIA E ESTAT\u00cdSTICA. Lassance, 2019. < https:\/\/cidades.ibge.gov.br\/brasil\/mg\/lassance\/panorama >. Access in: 09 Jan 2021."},{"key":"pone.0257043.ref016","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"67","DOI":"10.1590\/S0074-02761922000200004","article-title":"Descoberta do Tripanozoma cruzi e verifica\u00e7\u00e3o da Tripanozomiase Americana","author":"Carlos Chagas","year":"1922","journal-title":"Mem\u00f3rias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz"},{"key":"pone.0257043.ref017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-75544-1_2","volume-title":"Brazilian Sand Flies: Biology, Taxonomy, Medical Importance and Control","author":"EAB Galati","year":"2018"},{"key":"pone.0257043.ref018","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"351","DOI":"10.3157\/0013-872X(2007)118[351:APOGAS]2.0.CO;2","article-title":"A proposal of generic and subgeneric abbreviations for phlebotomine sandflies (Diptera: Psychodidae: Phlebotominae) of the world","volume":"118","author":"CB Marcondes","year":"2007","journal-title":"Entomol News"},{"key":"pone.0257043.ref019","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"249","DOI":"10.1590\/S0037-86822001000300004","article-title":"A urbaniza\u00e7\u00e3o das leishmanioses e a baixa resolutividade diagn\u00f3stica em munic\u00edpios da Regi\u00e3o Metropolitana de Belo Horizonte","volume":"34","author":"ZMP Luz","year":"2001","journal-title":"Revista da Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina Tropical"},{"issue":"2","key":"pone.0257043.ref020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"147","DOI":"10.1590\/S0037-86822005000200004","article-title":"Leishmaniose visceral: estudo de flebotom\u00edneos e infec\u00e7\u00e3o canina em Montes Claros, Minas Gerais","volume":"38","author":"EM Monteiro","year":"2005","journal-title":"Revista da Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina Tropical"},{"issue":"12","key":"pone.0257043.ref021","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2959","DOI":"10.1590\/S0102-311X2008001200027","article-title":"Characterization and speculations on the urbanization of visceral leishmaniasis in Brazil Cad","volume":"24","author":"CHN Costa","year":"2008","journal-title":"Sa\u00fade P\u00fablica, Rio de Janeiro"},{"issue":"4","key":"pone.0257043.ref022","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"330","DOI":"10.1590\/S1020-49892009001000007","article-title":"Urbanization of visceral leishmaniasis (kala-azar) in Fortaleza, Cear\u00e1, Brazil","volume":"26","author":"PLMM Albuquerque","year":"2009","journal-title":"Rev Panam Salud Publica"},{"key":"pone.0257043.ref023","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"100395","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sste.2020.100395","article-title":"Clinical, epidemiological and transmission cycle aspects of leishmaniasis urbanization in Barreiras, Bahia, Brazil","volume":"36","author":"AFA Lacerda","year":"2021","journal-title":"Spatial and Spatio-temporal Epidemiology"},{"key":"pone.0257043.ref024","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"220","DOI":"10.1186\/1756-3305-7-220","article-title":"Ecological aspects of the Phlebotominae fauna (Diptera: Psychodidae) in the Xakriab\u00e1 Indigenous Reserve","volume":"7","author":"FD R\u00eago","year":"2014","journal-title":"Brazil Parasit Vectors"},{"key":"pone.0257043.ref025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"428","DOI":"10.1186\/s13071-015-1003-2","article-title":"Comparison of the phlebotomine (Diptera: Psychodidae) fauna of urban, transitional, and wild areas in northern Minas Gerais, Brazil","volume":"8","author":"CC Sanguinette","year":"2015","journal-title":"Parasites & Vectors"},{"key":"pone.0257043.ref026","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"547","DOI":"10.1016\/0035-9203(84)90081-6","article-title":"Leishmanial infections in Lutzomyia longipalpis and Lu. antunesi (Diptera: Psychodidae) on the island of Maraj\u00f3, Par\u00e1 State, Brazil","volume":"78","author":"L Ryan","year":"1984","journal-title":"Transactions of The Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene"},{"key":"pone.0257043.ref027","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"143","DOI":"10.1016\/S0001-706X(01)00205-4","article-title":"Epidemiological studies of an outbreak of cutaneous leishmaniasis in the Rio Jequitinhonha Valley, Minas Gerais, Brazil","volume":"812","author":"CMF Gontijo","year":"2002","journal-title":"Acta Tropca"},{"key":"pone.0257043.ref028","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"905","DOI":"10.1016\/j.trstmh.2005.06.019","article-title":"Identification of naturally infected Lutzomyia intermedia and Lutzomyia migonei with Leishmania (Viannia) braziliensis in Rio de Janeiro (Brazil) revealed by a PCR multiplex non-isotopic hybridisation assay","volume":"99","author":"D Pita-Pereira","year":"2005","journal-title":"Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene"},{"key":"pone.0257043.ref029","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"407","DOI":"10.1089\/vbz.2007.0180","article-title":"Naturally infected Lutzomyia sand flies in a Leishmania-endemic area of Brazil","volume":"8","author":"GM Carvalho","year":"2008","journal-title":"Vector Borne Zoonotic Dis"},{"issue":"11","key":"pone.0257043.ref030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1093","DOI":"10.1016\/j.trstmh.2008.12.006","article-title":"Natural infection of Nyssomyia neivai (Pinto, 1926) (Diptera: Psychodidae, Phlebotominae) by Leishmania (Viannia) spp. in Brazil","volume":"103","author":"CB Marcondes","year":"2009","journal-title":"Transactions of The Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene"},{"key":"pone.0257043.ref031","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1159","DOI":"10.1603\/033.046.0525","article-title":"Natural infection of Lutzomyia neivai and Lutzomyia sallesi (Diptera: Psychodidae) by Leishmania infantum chagasi in Brazil","volume":"46","author":"L Saraiva","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Med Entomol"},{"issue":"6","key":"pone.0257043.ref032","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1212","DOI":"10.1603\/ME09248","article-title":"Phlebotomine sand flies (Diptera: Psychodidae) and Leishmania infection in Gafanhoto Park, Divin\u00f3polis, Brazil","volume":"47","author":"CM Souza","year":"2010","journal-title":"Journal of Medical Entomology"},{"issue":"4","key":"pone.0257043.ref033","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0122038","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0122038","article-title":"Molecular Detection of Leishmania in Phlebotomine Sand Flies (Diptera: Psychodidae) from a Cutaneous Leishmaniasis Focus at Xakriab\u00e1 Indigenous Reserve, Brazil","volume":"10","author":"FD R\u00eago","year":"2015","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"key":"pone.0257043.ref034","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.1111\/j.0269-283X.2004.0487.x","article-title":"Natural breeding places of phlebotomine sandflies","volume":"18","author":"MD Feliciangeli","year":"2004","journal-title":"Med Vet Entomol"},{"key":"pone.0257043.ref035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.1603\/ME11082","article-title":"Ecological aspects of phlebotomines (Diptera: Psychodidae) in endemic area of visceral leishmaniasis, Campo Grande, state of Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil","volume":"49","author":"AG Oliveira","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Med Entomol"},{"key":"pone.0257043.ref036","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e2443","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0002443","article-title":"Larval breeding sites of Lutzomyia longipalpis (Diptera: Psychodidae) in visceral leishmaniasis endemic urban areas in southeastern Brazil","volume":"7","author":"C Casanova","year":"2013","journal-title":"PLoS Negl Trop Dis"},{"issue":"3","key":"pone.0257043.ref037","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"190","DOI":"10.1590\/S0034-89101993000300006","article-title":"Flebotom\u00edneos em \u00e1rea de transmiss\u00e3o de leishmaniose tegumentar na regi\u00e3o norte do Estado do Paran\u00e1\u2014Brasil: Varia\u00e7\u00e3o Sazonal e Atividade Noturna","volume":"27","author":"U Teodoro","year":"1993","journal-title":"Ver. Sa\u00fade P\u00fablica"},{"issue":"2","key":"pone.0257043.ref038","first-page":"67","article-title":"Sazonalidade de flebotom\u00edneos em \u00e1rea end\u00eamica de leishmaniose visceral no munic\u00edpio de Sobral, Cear\u00e1, Brasil","volume":"18","author":"ITF Macedo","year":"2008","journal-title":"Ci\u00eancia Animal"},{"issue":"8","key":"pone.0257043.ref039","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0179052","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0179052","article-title":"Leishmania infection and blood food sources of phlebotomines in an area of Brazil endemic for visceral and tegumentary leishmaniasis","volume":"12","author":"AS Guimar\u00e3es-e-Silva","year":"2017","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"issue":"3","key":"pone.0257043.ref040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e20200254","DOI":"10.1590\/0001-37652021xxxx","article-title":"Lutzomyia longipalpis: an update on this sand fly vector","volume":"93","author":"FD Rego","year":"2021","journal-title":"An Acad Bras Cienc"},{"issue":"8","key":"pone.0257043.ref041","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1033","DOI":"10.1590\/S0074-02762010000800013","article-title":"The molecular detection of different Leishmania species within sand flies from a cutaneous and visceral leishmaniasis sympatric area in Southeastern Brazil","volume":"105","author":"L Saraiva","year":"2010","journal-title":"Mem\u00f3rias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro"},{"issue":"6","key":"pone.0257043.ref042","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0178628","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0178628","article-title":"Aspects of the ecology of phlebotomine sand flies (Diptera: Psychodidae) in the Private Natural Heritage Reserve Sanctuary Cara\u00e7a","volume":"12","author":"GB Tonelli","year":"2017","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"pone.0257043.ref043","first-page":"529","article-title":"Detection of Leishmania DNA in Sand Flies (Diptera: Psychodidae) From a Cutaneous Leishmaniasis Outbreak Area in Northeastern Brazil","volume":"57","author":"YY Da-Silva","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Med Entomol"},{"key":"pone.0257043.ref044","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"357","DOI":"10.1590\/S0036-46652014000400015","article-title":"Molecular detection of Leishmania in phlebotomine sand flies in a cutaneous and visceral leishmaniasis endemic area in northeastern Brazil","volume":"56","author":"VC Guimar\u00e3es","year":"2014","journal-title":"Rev Inst Med Trop"},{"key":"pone.0257043.ref045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"150","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.1971.20.150","article-title":"Natural host preferences of Panamanian phlebotomine sandflies as determined by precipitin test","volume":"20","author":"RB Tesh","year":"1971","journal-title":"Am J Trop. Med Hyg"},{"key":"pone.0257043.ref046","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1571","DOI":"10.1007\/s00436-021-07154-3","article-title":"First molecular evidence of frogs as a food source for sand flies (Diptera: Phlebotominae) in Brazilian caves","volume":"120","author":"JCR Costa","year":"2021","journal-title":"Parasitol Res"}],"container-title":["PLOS ONE"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0257043","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,13]],"date-time":"2021-10-13T18:40:48Z","timestamp":1634150448000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0257043"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"Albert","family":"Schriefer","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"editor","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,13]]},"references-count":46,"journal-issue":{"issue":"10","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,13]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0257043","relation":{},"ISSN":["1932-6203"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1932-6203","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,13]]}}}