{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,14]],"date-time":"2026-10-14T06:36:57Z","timestamp":1791959817245,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":61,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,16]],"date-time":"2021-09-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1631750400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Rochester General Hospital Kidd Fund"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosone.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS ONE"],"abstract":"<jats:p><jats:italic>Streptococcus pneumoniae<\/jats:italic> (Spn) is a leading respiratory tract pathogen that colonizes the nasopharynx (NP) through adhesion to epithelial cells and immune evasion. Spn actively interacts with other microbiota in NP but the nature of these interactions are incompletely understood. Using 16S rRNA gene sequencing, we analyzed the microbiota composition in the NP of children with or without Spn colonization. 96 children were included in the study cohort. 74 NP samples were analyzed when children were 6 months old and 85 NP samples were analyzed when children were 12 months old. We found several genera that correlated negatively or positively with Spn colonization, and some of these correlations appeared to be influenced by daycare attendance or other confounding factors such as upper respiratory infection (URI) or <jats:italic>Moraxella<\/jats:italic> colonization. Among these genera, <jats:italic>Corynebacterium<\/jats:italic> showed a consistent inverse relationship with Spn colonization with little influence by daycare attendance or other factors. We isolated <jats:italic>Corynebacterium propinquum<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>C<\/jats:italic>. <jats:italic>pseudodiphtheriticum<\/jats:italic> and found that both inhibited the growth of Spn serotype 22F strain <jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic>.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0257207","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,16]],"date-time":"2021-09-16T17:30:41Z","timestamp":1631813441000},"page":"e0257207","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":26,"title":["Nasopharyngeal microbiome composition associated with Streptococcus pneumoniae colonization suggests a protective role of Corynebacterium in young children"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Lei","family":"Xu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joshua","family":"Earl","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8276-3938","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Michael E.","family":"Pichichero","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"pone.0257207.ref001","unstructured":"K\u00e4yhty H NA, Soininen A, V\u00e4kev\u00e4inen M. The Immunological Basis for Immunization Series, Module 12: Pneumococcal Vaccines. 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