{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,19]],"date-time":"2026-10-19T20:51:59Z","timestamp":1792443119871,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":63,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,27]],"date-time":"2021-09-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1632700800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100004417","name":"Global Fund to Fight AIDS, Tuberculosis and Malaria","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["Global Fund through the Ghana National Malaria Control Program"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Global Fund through the Ghana National Malaria Control Program"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100004417","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosone.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS ONE"],"abstract":"<jats:sec id=\"sec001\">\n<jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>The global effort to eradicate malaria requires a drastic measure to terminate relapse from hypnozoites as well as transmission via gametocytes in malaria-endemic areas. Primaquine has been recommended for the treatment of <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>. <jats:italic>falciparum<\/jats:italic> gametocytes and <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>. <jats:italic>vivax<\/jats:italic> hypnozoites, however, its implementation is challenged by the high prevalence of G6PD deficient (G6PDd) genotypes in malaria endemic countries. The objective of this study was to profile G6PDd genotypic variants and correlate them with malaria prevalence in Ghana.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"sec002\">\n<jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>A cross-sectional survey of G6PDd genotypic variants was conducted amongst suspected malaria patients attending health care facilities across the entire country. Malaria was diagnosed using microscopy whilst G6PD deficiency was determined using restriction fragment length polymorphisms at position 376 and 202 of the G6PD gene. The results were analysed using GraphPad prism.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"sec003\">\n<jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>A total of 6108 subjects were enrolled in the study with females representing 65.59% of the population. The overall prevalence of malaria was 36.31%, with malaria prevalence among G6PDd genotypic variants were 0.07% for A-A- homozygous deficient females, 1.31% and 3.03% for AA- and BA- heterozygous deficient females respectively and 2.03% for A- hemizygous deficient males. The odd ratio (OR) for detecting <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>. <jats:italic>falciparum<\/jats:italic> malaria infection in the A-A- genotypic variant was 0.0784 (95% CI: 0.0265\u20130.2319, p&lt;0.0001). Also, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>. <jats:italic>malariae<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>. <jats:italic>ovale<\/jats:italic> parasites frequently were observed in G6PD B variants relative to G6PD A- variants.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"sec004\">\n<jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>G6PDd genotypic variants, A-A-, AA- and A- protect against <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>. <jats:italic>falciparum<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>. <jats:italic>ovale<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>. <jats:italic>malariae<\/jats:italic> infection in Ghana.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0257562","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,27]],"date-time":"2021-09-27T18:25:01Z","timestamp":1632767101000},"page":"e0257562","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Genotypic glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase 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