{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,2]],"date-time":"2026-06-02T09:39:50Z","timestamp":1780393190346,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,20]],"date-time":"2021-09-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1632096000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"the Major Scientific and Technological Projects for collaborative prevention and control of birth defects in Hunan Province","award":["2019SK1010"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2019SK1010"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100017695","name":"Health Commission of Hunan Province","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["20200786"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["20200786"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100017695","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002767","name":"Hunan Provincial Science and Technology Department","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2018JJ6008"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2018JJ6008"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002767","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosone.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS ONE"],"abstract":"<jats:sec id=\"sec001\">\n<jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Nausea and vomiting of pregnancy affects up to 80% of pregnant women, it typically occurs during the first trimester which is the most sensitive time for environmental exposures given organogenesis. Metoclopramide is an antiemetic drug used widely during NVP, but the findings of studies evaluating its safety of use in pregnancy is inconsistent. Therefore, we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to assess whether metoclopramide use during first trimester of pregnancy is associated with the risk of major congenital malformations.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"sec002\">\n<jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>The systematic search using database included Pubmed, Embase, Web of science, and Cochrane library. Studies written in English, comprising with an exposed group and a control group, reporting major congenital malformation as an outcome were included.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"sec003\">\n<jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Six studies assessing a total number of 33374 metoclopramide-exposed and 373498 controls infants were included in this meta-analysis. No significant increase in the rate of major congenital malformation was detected following metoclopramide use during first trimester (OR, 1.14; 95% CI, 0.93\u20131.38).<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"sec004\">\n<jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Metoclopramide use during first trimester of pregnancy was not associated with the risk of major congenital malformations.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0257584","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,20]],"date-time":"2021-09-20T18:12:33Z","timestamp":1632161553000},"page":"e0257584","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Use of metoclopramide in the first trimester and risk of major congenital malformations: A systematic review and meta-analysis"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Li","family":"Sun","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6014-3965","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Yang","family":"Xi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaoke","family":"Wen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wei","family":"Zou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,20]]},"reference":[{"issue":"2","key":"pone.0257584.ref001","first-page":"e171","article-title":"Quantifying the global rates of nausea and vomiting of pregnancy: a meta analysis","volume":"20","author":"TR Einarson","year":"2013","journal-title":"Journal of population therapeutics and clinical pharmacology = Journal de la therapeutique des populations et de la pharmacologie clinique"},{"issue":"12","key":"pone.0257584.ref002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1641","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-0528.2005.00765.x","article-title":"Recurrence risk in hyperemesis gravidarum","volume":"112","author":"LIS Trogstad","year":"2005","journal-title":"Bjog-an International Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology"},{"issue":"11","key":"pone.0257584.ref003","first-page":"801","article-title":", Expert consensus on the diagnosis and clinical management of hyperemesis gravidarum (2015)","volume":"50","author":"Obstetrics Subgroup, Chinese Society of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Chinese Medical Association","year":"2015","journal-title":"Chinese Journal of Obstetrics Gynecology"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0257584.ref004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e15","DOI":"10.1097\/AOG.0000000000002456","article-title":"ACOG Practice Bulletin No. 189: Nausea And Vomiting Of Pregnancy","volume":"131","author":"Committee on Practice B-O","year":"2018","journal-title":"Obstetrics and gynecology"},{"issue":"4","key":"pone.0257584.ref005","first-page":"537","article-title":"Diabetic gastroparesis. 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