{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,4]],"date-time":"2026-07-04T00:53:52Z","timestamp":1783126432602,"version":"3.54.6"},"reference-count":68,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,1]],"date-time":"2021-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1633046400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000327","name":"Heart Research UK","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["RG2670\/18\/21"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RG2670\/18\/21"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000327","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"Wellcome\/EPSRC Centre for Medical Engineering","award":["WT 203148\/Z\/16\/Z"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["WT 203148\/Z\/16\/Z"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosone.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS ONE"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Quantification of pressure drop across stenotic arteries is a major element in the functional assessment of occlusive arterial disease. Accurate estimation of the pressure drop with a numerical model allows the calculation of Fractional Flow Reserve (FFR), which is a haemodynamic index employed for guiding coronary revascularisation. Its non-invasive evaluation would contribute to safer and cost-effective diseases management. In this work, we propose a new formulation of a reduced-order model of trans-stenotic pressure drop, based on a consistent theoretical analysis of the Navier-Stokes equation. The new formulation features a novel term that characterises the contribution of turbulence effect to pressure loss. Results from three-dimensional computational fluid dynamics (CFD) showed that the proposed model produces predictions that are significantly more accurate than the existing reduced-order models, for large and small symmetric and eccentric stenoses, covering mild to severe area reductions. FFR calculations based on the proposed model produced zero classification error for three classes comprising positive (\u2264 0.75), negative (\u2265 0.8) and intermediate (0.75 \u2212 0.8) classes.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0258047","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,1]],"date-time":"2021-10-01T18:22:39Z","timestamp":1633112559000},"page":"e0258047","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["An improved reduced-order model for pressure drop across arterial stenoses"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"16","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4908-524X","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Konstantinos G.","family":"Lyras","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jack","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,1]]},"reference":[{"issue":"3","key":"pone.0258047.ref001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"213","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa0807611","article-title":"Fractional flow reserve versus angiography for guiding percutaneous coronary intervention","volume":"360","author":"PA Tonino","year":"2009","journal-title":"New England Journal of Medicine"},{"issue":"11","key":"pone.0258047.ref002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"991","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1205361","article-title":"Fractional flow reserve\u2013guided PCI versus medical therapy in stable coronary disease","volume":"367","author":"B De Bruyne","year":"2012","journal-title":"New England Journal of Medicine"},{"issue":"3","key":"pone.0258047.ref003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"177","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2010.04.012","article-title":"Fractional flow reserve versus angiography for guiding percutaneous coronary intervention in patients with multivessel coronary artery disease: 2-year follow-up of the FAME (Fractional Flow Reserve Versus Angiography for Multivessel Evaluation) study","volume":"56","author":"NH Pijls","year":"2010","journal-title":"Journal of the American College of Cardiology"},{"issue":"10006","key":"pone.0258047.ref004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1853","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(15)00057-4","article-title":"Fractional flow reserve versus angiography for guidance of PCI in patients with multivessel coronary artery disease (FAME): 5-year follow-up of a randomised controlled trial","volume":"386","author":"LX Van Nunen","year":"2015","journal-title":"The Lancet"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0258047.ref005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0208612","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0208612","article-title":"Relationship between FFR, CFR and coronary microvascular resistance\u2013Practical implications for FFR-guided percutaneous coronary intervention","volume":"14","author":"D Garcia","year":"2019","journal-title":"PloS one"},{"issue":"4","key":"pone.0258047.ref006","first-page":"513","article-title":"Hemodynamic effects of arterial stenosis","volume":"53","author":"AG May","year":"1963","journal-title":"Surgery"},{"issue":"4","key":"pone.0258047.ref007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"395","DOI":"10.1016\/0021-9290(73)90099-7","article-title":"Flow characteristics in models of arterial stenoses\u2014I. 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