{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,19]],"date-time":"2026-09-19T19:57:31Z","timestamp":1789847851356,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,11]],"date-time":"2021-10-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1633910400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003593","name":"CNPq","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["303772\/2019-0"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["303772\/2019-0"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003593","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100011665","name":"Deanship of Scientific Research, King Saud University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100011665","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosone.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS ONE"],"abstract":"<jats:sec id=\"sec001\">\n<jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Our aim was to identify clinical and sociodemographic factors associated with oral pain and oral health-related productivity loss among US adults.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"sec002\">\n<jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>We included adults aged \u226530 years who completed the dental examination, had at least one natural tooth, and provided an answer about their oral pain experience or oral health-related productivity loss in the 2015\u20132018 National Health and Nutrition and Examination Survey (NHANES). We performed descriptive analyses and multivariable binary logistic regression analyses on weighted data.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"sec003\">\n<jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>One out of four adults had oral pain and 4% reported oral health-related productivity loss occasionally or often within the last year of the survey. The odds of oral pain were higher among non-Hispanic black (OR = 1.35; 95%CI = 1.08\u20131.62) and non-Hispanic Asian individuals (OR = 1.38; 95%CI = 1.07\u20131.78) compared to non-Hispanic white individuals, and individuals with untreated dental caries (OR = 2.06; 95%CI = 1.72\u20132.47). The odds for oral health-related productivity loss were 13.85 times higher among individuals who reported oral pain (95%CI = 8.07\u201323.77), and 2.18 times higher among individuals with untreated dental caries (95%CI = 1.65\u20132.89). The odds of oral pain and reported oral health-related productivity loss decreased as family income increased.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"sec004\">\n<jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Factors including non-Hispanic black race\/ethnicity, lower socio-economic status, and untreated dental caries are associated with oral pain experience, which increases the odds of oral health-related productivity losses. Identifying factors associated with oral pain and productivity loss will enable clinicians, policymakers, and employers to proactively target and prioritize the higher-risk groups in early interventions and policies.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0258268","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,11]],"date-time":"2021-10-11T19:51:45Z","timestamp":1633981905000},"page":"e0258268","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":21,"title":["Factors associated with oral pain and oral health-related productivity loss in the USA, National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys (NHANES), 2015\u20132018"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Muath","family":"Aldosari","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Suellen da Rocha","family":"Mendes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5788-7242","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Ahad","family":"Aldosari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Abdullah","family":"Aldosari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8794-5725","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Mauro Henrique Nogueira Guimar\u00e3es","family":"de Abreu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,11]]},"reference":[{"issue":"10159","key":"pone.0258268.ref001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1789","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(18)32279-7","article-title":"Global, regional, and national incidence, prevalence, and years lived with disability for 354 diseases and injuries for 195 countries and territories, 1990\u20132017: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2017","volume":"392","author":"GBD Disease","year":"2018","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"7","key":"pone.0258268.ref002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"609","DOI":"10.1111\/odi.12428","article-title":"Global burden of oral diseases: emerging concepts, management and interplay with systemic health","volume":"22","author":"LJ Jin","year":"2016","journal-title":"Oral Dis"},{"issue":"10194","key":"pone.0258268.ref003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"249","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(19)31146-8","article-title":"Oral diseases: a global public health challenge","volume":"394","author":"MA Peres","year":"2019","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"10","key":"pone.0258268.ref004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1355","DOI":"10.1177\/0022034515602879","article-title":"Global Economic Impact of Dental Diseases","volume":"94","author":"S Listl","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Dent Res"},{"issue":"4","key":"pone.0258268.ref005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"594","DOI":"10.5327\/Z1679443520190397","article-title":"Oral health in the context of prevention of absenteeism and presenteeism in the workplace","volume":"17","author":"RB Lima","year":"2019","journal-title":"Rev Bras Med Trab"},{"issue":"3","key":"pone.0258268.ref006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"267","DOI":"10.1111\/cdoe.12598","article-title":"Oral health and academic performance or absenteeism: Findings from a University in Southern Brazil","volume":"49","author":"SA Karam","year":"2021","journal-title":"Community Dent Oral Epidemiol"},{"key":"pone.0258268.ref007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1186\/1472-6831-13-17","article-title":"Time loss due to dental problems and treatment in the Canadian population: analysis of a nationwide cross-sectional survey","volume":"13","author":"A Hayes","year":"2013","journal-title":"BMC Oral Health"},{"issue":"2","key":"pone.0258268.ref008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"105","DOI":"10.1111\/joor.12462","article-title":"Dental pain in the medical emergency department: a cross-sectional study","volume":"44","author":"CC Currie","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Oral Rehabil"},{"issue":"3","key":"pone.0258268.ref009","first-page":"226","article-title":"Disparities in Emergency Department Pain Treatment for Toothache","volume":"1","author":"HH Lee","year":"2016","journal-title":"JDR Clin Trans Res"},{"key":"pone.0258268.ref010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"157","DOI":"10.2147\/CCIDE.S207266","article-title":"Emergency department visits and dental procedures: Mission of Mercy, 2013\u20132016","volume":"11","author":"C Okunseri","year":"2019","journal-title":"Clin Cosmet Investig Dent"},{"key":"pone.0258268.ref011","unstructured":"United States. 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