{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,14]],"date-time":"2026-10-14T18:22:19Z","timestamp":1792002139412,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":61,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,4]],"date-time":"2021-11-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1635984000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"FUNDACION UNIVERSITARIA DE CIENCIAS DE LA SALUD"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosone.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS ONE"],"abstract":"<jats:sec id=\"sec001\">\n<jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Genetic association studies on alopecia areata (AA) performed in various populations have shown heterogeneous results. The aim of the current review was to synthesize the results of said studies to estimate the impact of <jats:italic>FAS<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>FASL<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>PTPN22<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>CTLA4<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>IL2RA<\/jats:italic> gene polymorphisms on AA susceptibility.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"sec002\">\n<jats:title>Design<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>A systematic literature search was conducted in the Medline, Web of Science, Scopus, EMBASE and LILACS databases. Studies published up to June 2020 were included. The results available in the grey literature including the Open Grey and Google Scholar databases were also used. The texts of potentially related studies were screened by individual reviewers. Evidence of publication bias was assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa scale and the quality of evidence was assessed using the GRADE system. The quantitative synthesis was performed using the fixed effect model.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"sec003\">\n<jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Out of 1784 articles, we identified 18 relevant articles for the qualitative synthesis and 16 for the quantitative synthesis. In a study of rs2476601 polymorphism of <jats:italic>PTPN22<\/jats:italic> gene, including 1292 cases and 1832 controls, a correlation was found with the risk of developing AA in the allelic model (OR1.49 [95% C:1.13\u20131.95]), the heterozygous codominant (OR1.44 [95% CI:1:19\u20131.76]) and dominant model (OR1.43 [95% CI:1.18\u20131.73]). No association was found between the presence of <jats:italic>FASL<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>PTPN22<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>CTLA<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>IL2RA<\/jats:italic> gene polymorphisms with AA susceptibility.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"sec004\">\n<jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>The results suggest that the <jats:italic>T<\/jats:italic> allele of the single nucleoid polymorphism (SNP) rs2476601 in <jats:italic>PTPN22<\/jats:italic> gene is a risk factor for developing alopecia areata. However, more robust studies defining the ethnic background of the population of origin are required, so that the risk identified in the present study can be validated. Additionally, a greater number of studies is necessary to evaluate the role of the <jats:italic>FAS<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>FASL<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>PTPN22<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>CTLA4<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>IL2RA<\/jats:italic> genetic variants, given the heterogenous results found in the literature.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0258499","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,4]],"date-time":"2021-11-04T17:26:54Z","timestamp":1636046814000},"page":"e0258499","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Effect of PTPN22, FAS\/FASL, IL2RA and CTLA4 genetic polymorphisms on the risk of developing alopecia areata: A systematic review of the literature and meta-analysis"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"16","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5974-1431","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"S. 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